Engineering Commons^™

Parameter Estimation Technique For Models In Pss/E Using Real-Time Data And Automation, Malavika Vasudevan Menon

University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to use automation to create appropriate models in PSS/E with the data from Hardware-in-Loop real-time simulations. With the increase in technology of power electronics, the use of High Voltage Direct Current Technology and Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System devices in the electrical power system have increased tremendously. Static Var Compensators are widely used and it is important to have accurate and reliable models for studies relating to power systems planning and interaction. An automation method is proposed to find the parameters of an SVC model in PSS/E with the data from the Hardware-in- loop …

Co-Simulation Framework For Power Distribution System Analysis With Humans In The Loop, Victor H. Ayon

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Recent developments in the area of power generation have led to an increased penetration of storage and distributed energy resources (DER) in power distribution systems. As a result, new and enhanced energy management systems will be necessary as the deployment of DERs, as well as the need to control loads, continues to increase in the coming years. Advanced management systems are especially important to achieve resilient power delivery during emergency situations. During a blackout for example, a section of a distribution feeder could island to operate as a microgrid to ensure critical services such as water, food, and medical care …

A New Single-Phase Single-Stage Ac-Dc Stacked Flyback Converter With Active Clamp Zvs, Yuntong Li

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Single-stage AC-DC converters integrate an AC-DC front-end converter with a DC-DC back-end converter. Compared with conventional two-stage AC-DC converters, single-stage AC-DC converters use less components and only one controller, which is used to regulate the output voltage. As a result, the cost, size and complexity of AC-DC converters can be reduced, but single-stage converters do not perform as well as two-stage converters, and most have drawbacks that are related to the fact that the DC bus voltage is not controlled an can become excessive.

A new single-phase single-stage AC-DC converter that uses stacked flyback converters is proposed in this thesis. …

A Novel Ac-Dc Interleaved Zcs-Pwm Boost Converter, Ramtin Rasoulinezhad

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

AC-DC converters with input power factor correction (PFC) that consist of two or more interleaved boost converter modules are popular in industry. PFC is a must in today’s AC-DC converters as their input current must meet harmonic standards set by regulatory agencies. With interleaving, the input current of each module can make to be discontinuous and the size of their input inductors since interleaving can reduce the high ripple in each module and produce a net input current with a ripple that is comparable to that achieved with a single boost converter module with a large input inductor.

In high- …

Impacts Of Power System-Tied Distributed Generation On The Performance Of Protection Systems, Terver T. Maor

Electrical Engineering Theses

The dispersed integration of smaller power units in the existing utility grid is the new trend. This is largely due to changes in the power generation and distribution markets. The combination of rising cost of new construction, deregulations and improved newer power equipment technologies suitable for deferred expansions make the new trend very attractive to power companies and independent investors. Until recently, other contributions to power distribution systems from such sources as standby units were considered negligible and therefore unaccounted for during the design and operation of power systems. This view has drastically changed, largely due to the increasing penetration …

Technology Planning For Aligning Emerging Business Models And Regulatory Structures: The Case Of Electric Vehicle Charging And The Smart Grid, Kelly R. Cowan

Dissertations and Theses

Smart grid has been described as the Energy Internet: Where Energy Technology meets Information Technology. The incorporation of such technology into vast existing utility infrastructures offers many advantages, including possibilities for new smart appliances, energy management systems, better integration of renewable energy, value added services, and new business models, both for supply- and demand-side management. Smart grid also replaces aging utility technologies that are becoming increasingly unreliable, as the average ages for many critical components in utility systems now exceed their original design lives. However, while smart grid offers the promise of revolutionizing utility delivery systems, many questions remain about …

A Comparison Between Different Snubbers For Flyback Converters, Adel Alganidi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The DC-DC flyback power converter is widely used in low power commercial and industrial applications ( > 150 W) such as in computers, telecom, consumer electronics because it is one of the simplest and least expensive converter topologies with transformer isolation. Its main power circuit consists of just a semiconductor device like a MOSFET operating as a switch, a transformer, an output diode and an output filter capacitor. The converter switch, however, is susceptible to high voltage spikes due to the interaction between its output capacitance and the leakage inductance of the transformer. These spikes can exceed the ratings of the …

A Wide Area Hierarchical Voltage Control For Systems With High Wind Penetration And An Hvdc Overlay, Yidan Lu

Doctoral Dissertations

The modern power grid is undergoing a dramatic revolution. On the generation side, renewable resources are replacing fossil fuel in powering the system. On the transmission side, an AC-DC hybrid network has become increasingly popular to help reduce the transportation cost of electricity. Wind power, as one of the environmental friendly renewable resources, has taken a larger and larger share of the generation market. Due to the remote locations of wind plants, an HVDC overlay turns out to be attractive for transporting wind energy due to its superiority in long distance transmission of electricity.

While reducing environmental concern, the increasing …

Wide-Area Control Schemes To Improve Small Signal Stability In Power Systems, Meimanat Mahmoudi

Doctoral Dissertations

One of the main concerns for the secure and reliable operation of power systems is the small signal stability problem. In the complex and highly interconnected structure of future power systems, relying solely on operator responses and conventional controls cannot assure reliability. Therefore, there is a need for advanced Wide-Area Control Schemes (WACS) that can automatically respond to degradation of reliability in the system.

The main objective of this dissertation is to address two key challenges regarding the design and implementation of wide-area control schemes for damping inter-area oscillations. First is the high communication cost associated with optimal centralized control …

Energy Shaping Control For Stabilization Of Interconnected Voltage Source Converters In Weakly-Connected Ac Microgrid Systems, Nadia Lenora Carmita Smith

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

With the ubiquitous installations of renewable energy resources such as solar and wind, for decentralized power applications across the United States, microgrids are being viewed as an avenue for achieving this goal. Various independent system operators and regional transmission operators such as Southwest Power Pool (SPP), Midcontinent System Operator (MISO), PJM Interconnection and Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) manage the transmission and generation systems that host the distributed energy resources (DERs). Voltage source converters typically interconnect the DERs to the utility system and used in High voltage dc (HVDC) systems for transmitting power throughout the United States. A microgrid …

Mppt Control For Solar Splash Photovoltaic Array, Kelsey Zenko

Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis demonstrates the ability to model and simulate the operation of Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT. Moreover, the MPPT technology is contextualized within the confines of the Solar Splash competition to provide the foundation for future model development and simulation for optimal competition performance. MatLab Simulink was used to model the solar panel's operation. A MPPT algorithm was written using the perturb and observe method and was implemented in the model using a buck DC to DC converter. The performance of the model with hardware in the loop using Typhoon and dSPACE, which demonstrated how the actual hardware would …

Dc-To-Dc Buck Converter, Kyle Christopher Roman

Electrical Engineering

The growth of sustainable energy requires many components to work in harmony creating one efficient and effective system. Sustainable energy generation that produces a DC current varying in voltage requires a subsystem to convert voltage to a practical and usable value. The DC to DC Buck converter converts high DC solar generated voltage to a 12V output. This Modular -Level power electronic (MLPE) device performs as a solar charge controller for small lithium ion batteries. Fluctuating voltage levels generated by Photovoltaic cells makes the solar controller a critical part of the solar system. Regulating the DC voltage allows safe and …

Flexible Custom Electric Skateboard, Caleb Adam Kelsay

Electrical Engineering

At Cal Poly traveling long distances only accessible by foot such as across campus or from the car park to class can be tiring and time-consuming. While not physically demanding, the trek consumes time in our tight college life schedule. To improve our time efficiency this project provides a relatively lightweight, powered solution to quickly and effectively travel long distances while maintaining full control and safety even on hills, a current limitation of traditional skateboards.

This electric skateboard includes the battery capacity to travel all around campus on a single charge with a compact and flexible skateboard design that provides …

A Silicon Carbide Power Management Solution For High Temperature Applications, Robert Murphree

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The increasing demand for discrete power devices capable of operating in high temperature and high voltage applications has spurred on the research of semiconductor materials with the potential of breaking through the limitations of traditional silicon. Gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (SiC), both of which are wide bandgap materials, have garnered the attention of researchers and gradually gained market share. Although these wide bandgap power devices enable more ambitious commercial applications compared to their silicon-based counterparts, reaching their potential is contingent upon developing integrated circuits (ICs) capable of operating in similar environments.

The foundation of any electrical system is …

The Development Of Novel Interconnection Technologies For 3d Packaging Of Wire Bondless Silicon Carbide Power Modules, Sayan Seal

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation advances the cause for the 3D packaging and integration of silicon carbide power modules. 3D wire bondless approaches adopted for enhancing the performance of silicon power modules were surveyed, and their merits were assessed to serve as a vision for the future of SiC power packaging. Current efforts pursuing 3D wire bondless SiC power modules were investigated, and the concept for a novel SiC power module was discussed. This highly-integrated SiC power module was assessed for feasibility, with a focus on achieving ultralow parasitic inductances in the critical switching loops. This will enable higher switching frequencies, leading to …

Control Of Power Electronic Interfaces In Distributed Generation., Mohammad Mohebbi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Renewable energy has gained popularity as an alternative resource for electric power generation. As such, Distributed Generation (DG) is expected to open new horizons to electric power generation. Most renewable energy sources cannot be connected to the load directly. Integration of the renewable energy sources with the load has brought new challenges in terms of the system’s stability, voltage regulation and power quality issues. For example, the output power, voltage and frequency of an example wind turbine depend on the wind speed, which fluctuate over time and cannot be forecasted accurately. At the same time, the nonlinearity of residential electrical …

Power Interface Design And System Stability Analysis For 400 V Dc-Powered Data Centers, Yuzhi Zhang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The demands of high performance cloud computation and internet services have increased in recent decades. These demands have driven the expansion of existing data centers and the construction of new data centers. The high costs of data center downtime are pushing designers to provide high reliability power supplies. Thus, there are significant research questions and challenges to design efficient and environmentally friendly data centers with address increasing energy prices and distributed energy developments.

This dissertation work aims to study and investigate the suitable technologies of power interface and system level configuration for high efficiency and reliable data centers.

A 400 …

Design Considerations For Paralleling Multiple Chips In Sic Power Modules, Fei Yang

Masters Theses

With the benefits of fast switching speed, low on-resistance and high thermal conductivity, silicon carbide (SiC) devices are being implemented in converter designs with high efficiency and high power density. Consequently, SiC power modules are needed. However, some of the preestablished package designs for silicon based power modules are not suitable to manifest the advantages of SiC devices. Therefore, this thesis aims at optimizing the package design to utilize the fast switching capability of SiC devices.

First, the power loop parasitic inductance induced by the package can lead to large voltage spikes with the fast switching SiC device. It can …

Integration Of Thin Film Tpv Cells To Cvd Diamond Heat Spreaders, Emma J. Renteria

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

In this work, techniques to isolate thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices from the growth substrate and their subsequent integration with Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) diamond heat spreaders will be discussed, with the envisioned goal of fabricating thermally managed cells. CVD diamond heat spreaders are a great option for thermal management of TPV cells. The key requirement, however, is the bonding of the TPV cell directly onto the diamond wafer without the presence of thick (>350 μm) growth substrates, which can offer significant thermal resistance.

The first approach is to release GaSb epitaxial layers from GaSb substrates. However, this is challenging due …

Microgrid Energy Management With Flexibility Constraints: A Data-Driven Solution Method, Okan Ciftci

LSU Master's Theses

Microgrid energy management is a challenging and important problem in modern power systems. Several deterministic and stochastic models have been proposed in the literature for the microgrid energy management problem. However, more accurate models are required to enhance flexibility of the microgrids when accounting for renewable energy and load uncertainties. This thesis proposes key contributions to solve the energy management problem for smart building (or small-scale microgrid). In Chapter 3, a deterministic energy management model is presented taking into account system flexibility requirements. Energy storage systems are deployed to enhance the grid flexibility and ramping capability. The objective function of …

Investigation Of Auxiliary Power Potentials Of Solar Photovoltaic Applications On Dry Bulk Carrier Ships, Wandifa Saidyleigh

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Lng As A Marine Fuel In Malta: Case Study : Regulatory Analysis And Potential Scenarios For Lng Bunkering Infrastructure, Mark Philip Cassar

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Case Study: An Economic Evaluation Of Liqufied Natural Gas (Lng) Fuel For New Ships Of Korean Ship Owners, Hyuntae Kim

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Novel Night And Day Control Of A Pv Solar System As A Statcom (Pv-Statcom) For Damping Of Power Oscillations, Hesamaldin Maleki

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Installations of large scale PV solar farms are rapidly increasing, worldwide. This is causing a growing apprehension that inertialess power injections from these inverter based generators will result in a decline in power system stability. Instead, this thesis presents novel applications of a patent pending technology whereby the PV solar farms actually help significantly increase system stability. A novel 24/7 (night and day) control of a large-scale PV solar farm as a dynamic reactive power compensator STATCOM, termed PV-STATCOM, is presented for damping low-frequency electromechanical power oscillations resulting in a significant improvement in power transfer capability of existing power transmission …

Quantifying Forecast Uncertainty In The Energy Domain, Mohammad Saber

Dissertations (1934 -)

This dissertation focuses on quantifying forecast uncertainties in the energy domain, especially for the electricity and natural gas industry. Accurate forecasts help the energy industry minimize their production costs. However, inaccurate weather forecasts, unusual human behavior, sudden changes in economic conditions, unpredictable availability of renewable sources (wind and solar), etc., represent uncertainties in the energy demand-supply chain. In the current smart grid era, total electricity demand from non-renewable sources influences by the uncertainty of the renewable sources. Thus, quantifying forecast uncertainty has become important to improve the quality of forecasts and decision making. In the natural gas industry, the task …

Study Of Modified Deposition Process For Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cell Back Contact, Tasnuva Ashrafee

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

As the worldwide demand for renewable energy is increasing, growth of the global share of alternative energy sources would improve overall energy security as well as bring environmental benefits. So far, solar cells - the devices that convert direct sunlight into electricity - are dominated by silicon devices. Another alternative is thin film solar cell, whose main inspiration is to reduce the electricity production cost. Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) solar cells are considered to have a great prospective because of reduced material and energy consumption during manufacturing. Many CIGS solar cell manufacturers are already exhibiting GW-scale production capacity. With the …

The Social Acceptance Of Community Solar: A Portland Case Study, Anne Weaver

Dissertations and Theses

Community solar is a renewable energy practice that's been adopted by multiple U.S. states and is being considered by many more, including the state of Oregon. A recent senate bill in Oregon, called the "Clean Electricity and Coal Transition Plan", includes a provision that directs the Oregon Public Utility Commission to establish a community solar program for investor-owned utilities by late 2017. Thus, energy consumers in Portland will be offered participation in community solar projects in the near future. Community solar is a mechanism that allows ratepayers to experience both the costs and benefits of solar energy while also helping …

Solar Powered Single-Axis Heliostat Active Solar Tracking Device, Mason Kyle Roberts

Physics

As a means of cooking food, the burning of biomass accounts for over 4 million premature deaths in third world countries (“Household Air Pollution and Health”). The focus of this project was to explore an alternative that could utilize focused sunlight to cook food. A solar tracker was designed to be affixed to a parabolic, reflective, tilted single axis heliostat to follow the sun throughout the day and focus the reflected light to the bottom of a cooking surface. This surface became hot enough to for the preparation of food or boiling/sterilization of water.

A goal for each project was …

Fault Location In High Voltage Shunt Capacitor Banks, Hessamoddin Jouybari Moghaddam

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

High Voltage Shunt Capacitor Banks (HV-SCBs) are critical substation assets that are primarily used to improve power factor and thus power transmission capability. Over temperature, over voltages, manufacturing defects can cause internal failures of capacitor elements. With today’s sensitive protection available in numerical relays these failures will be detected and SCBs will be taken out of service. But determining the phase and section in which capacitor elements have failed is important for utilities to decrease downtime of SCBs. This thesis proposes methods to address the challenges in fault location of SCBs. The proposed methods apply calibrating factors that compensate for …

Wide-Area Measurement-Driven Approaches For Power System Modeling And Analytics, Hesen Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation presents wide-area measurement-driven approaches for power system modeling and analytics. Accurate power system dynamic models are the very basis of power system analysis, control, and operation. Meanwhile, phasor measurement data provide first-hand knowledge of power system dynamic behaviors. The idea of building out innovative applications with synchrophasor data is promising.

Taking advantage of the real-time wide-area measurements, one of phasor measurements’ novel applications is to develop a synchrophasor-based auto-regressive with exogenous inputs (ARX) model that can be updated online to estimate or predict system dynamic responses.

Furthermore, since auto-regressive models are in a big family, the ARX model …