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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Development Of High-Speed Photoacoustic Imaging Technology And Its Applications In Biomedical Research, Yun He
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) is a novel imaging modality that combines the fine lateral resolution from optical imaging and the deep penetration from ultrasonic imaging, and provides rich optical-absorption–based images. PAT has been widely used in extracting structural and functional information from both ex vivo tissue samples to in vivo animals and humans with different length scales by imaging various endogenous and exogenous contrasts at the ultraviolet to infrared spectrum. For example, hemoglobin in red blood cells is of particular interest in PAT since it is one of the dominant absorbers in tissue at the visible wavelength.The main focus of …
Longitudinal Acoustic Traps: Design, Fabrication, And Evaluation For Biological Applications, Michael Moore Binkley
Longitudinal Acoustic Traps: Design, Fabrication, And Evaluation For Biological Applications, Michael Moore Binkley
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Acoustofluidics combine ultrasonic actuation with small-volume microfluidic channels to enable precise, contactless object manipulation for a range of applications from serial chemical processing to blood component separation and single-cell analysis. Micron- to millimeter-scale vibrational waves generate reproducible pressure fields within the microfluidic channels and chambers. By exploiting the material property mismatch between a particle (polymeric and silica beads, cells, etc.) and a suspending fluid, the acoustic radiation force is used to move particles toward regions of low (nodes) or high pressure (antinodes). An understanding of these field-particle interactions is applied to design and implement complicated channel architectures for preferential segregation …
Enhanced Heat Transfer Performance By Shape Optimization Of A Non-Axisymmetric Droplet Evaporating On A Heated Micropillar, Haotian Wu
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Abstract
Enhanced Heat Transfer Performance by Shape Optimization of a Non-axisymmetric Droplet Evaporating on a Heated Micropillar
By
Haotian Wu
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
Washington University in St. Louis, 2019
Research Advisor: Professor Damena Agonafer
The stacked multilayer 3D IC structure used in next generation high-powered electronics poses great challenges in dissipating their large heat flux, which causes extreme difficulties for traditional cooling technologies. In response, more advanced two-phase liquid cooling technologies, such as droplet evaporation, which utilizes the latent heat of vaporization to remove excessive heat, have been widely investigated. Compared to traditional single-phase cooling techniques, …
Development And Application Of New Methods For Magnetic Resonance Elastography Of The Brain, Charlotte Anne Guertler
Development And Application Of New Methods For Magnetic Resonance Elastography Of The Brain, Charlotte Anne Guertler
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Accurate mechanical properties of the intact, living brain are essential for modeling traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the properties of brain tissue in vivo have traditionally been measured in ex vivo samples. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) can be used to measure motion and estimate material properties of soft tissues in vivo, but MRE typically assumes tissue isotropy and homogeneity. The objective of this thesis is to improve MRE of soft tissue, like the brain, by developing and evaluating methods for in vivo estimation of heterogeneous, anisotropic properties. This was achieved through pursuit of the following aims: (1) quantifying the differences …
Mechanosensitive Epithelial Cell Scattering And Migration On Layered Matrices, Christopher Michael Walter
Mechanosensitive Epithelial Cell Scattering And Migration On Layered Matrices, Christopher Michael Walter
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Epithelial cells form multi-layered tissue scaffolding that makes up every organ in the body. Along with epithelial cells, the basement membrane (BM) and connective tissue are composed of various proteins that sculpt the organs and protect them from foreign macromolecules. Epithelial cells respond to various cues, both chemical and mechanical, from their surrounding matrices to aid in maintenance and repair of these layers through degradation and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In cancer progression, epithelial cells lose their normal function of supporting tissue structure and instead adopt more aggressive behaviors through an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of their cellular traits. …
Computation Of Flow Fields Due To Single- And Twin-Jet Impingement, Xiang Zhang
Computation Of Flow Fields Due To Single- And Twin-Jet Impingement, Xiang Zhang
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The thesis consists of two parts. The first part focuses on numerical simulations and their comparison with experimental data for single-jet impingement on ground. Angles between the axisymmetric jet and impingement surface considered are 15, 30 and 90 degree. It is shown that both the k-epsilon and Wray-Agarwal (WA) model can predict the flow fields in good agreement with the experimental results. The second part extends the first part to twin-jet normal impingement on the ground. It focuses on numerical simulation of fountains formed by the twin-jet impingement. The fountains can be normal straight upward when the two jets are …
Modeling Mechanisms Behind Force Generation By Actin Polymerization, Seyed Fowad Motahari
Modeling Mechanisms Behind Force Generation By Actin Polymerization, Seyed Fowad Motahari
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Actin polymerization is the primary mechanism for overcoming the large turgor pressure that opposes endocytosis in yeast. While generation of pushing forces by actin polymerization is fairly well understood, it is not clear how actin polymerization produces pulling forces. In order to understand this process, it is necessary to simulate polymerization of filaments having various types of interactions with the membrane. Since existing methodologies in the literature do not treat such problems correctly, we develop a thermodynamically consistent methodology for treating polymerization of filaments having arbitrary interaction potentials with the membrane. Then I perform stochastic simulations for a system of …
Fracture Toughness Improvement Of ����� Ceramics By Grain Size Control And Ductile Phase Reinforcement, Kesong Wang
Fracture Toughness Improvement Of ����� Ceramics By Grain Size Control And Ductile Phase Reinforcement, Kesong Wang
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
This study used grain size control and ductile phase reinforcement to improve fracture toughness of ����� ceramics. Alpha alumina particles of 100 nm, 0.5-1 micrometers, and 10 micrometers were coated with 1-5 nm nickel by electroless nickel plating (ENP). The coated powders were consolidated at 1200℃-1500℃ by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The sintered samples were annealed at 1100 oC for 1.5 hours and 10 hours to determine the effect of post sintering annealing on hardness and fracture toughness. Density of the samples were measured by the standard Archimedes method using a 5 mL pycnometer. Hardness values were determined by Vickers …
Development Of A Multi-Probe Kelvin Scanner Device For Industrially-Relevant Characterization Of Surface-Activated Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites, Kirby Simon
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites are becoming increasingly attractive materials in manufacturing due to their lightweight nature, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance. Surface activation of these materials is usually required during processing to increase the bond strength of assemblies (aerospace and automotive industries) or improve adhesion with implants (biomedical industry). Industrially-relevant, nondestructive quality control methods for assessing the activation state of these materials do not currently exist, however. Applying principles discovered through the use of scanning probe microscopy, a multiple-probe Kelvin scanning (MPKS) device has been developed that can assess the uniformity of the activation state of plasma-treated CFRTP …
Development Of A One-Equation Turbulence Model Based On K-Ε Closure And Its Extension For Computing Transitional Flows By Including An Intermittency Transport Equation, Cheng Peng
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
No abstract provided.