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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Design Of A Physical Windkessel Model For Use In Lvad In-Vitro Benchtop Modeling, Kyle W. Beggs
Design Of A Physical Windkessel Model For Use In Lvad In-Vitro Benchtop Modeling, Kyle W. Beggs
HIM 1990-2015
Despite improved life expectancy compared to medical management alone, Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) recipients show survival rates of 80% at 12 months and 70% at 24 months. A large portion of VAD-associated mortality results from increased risk of stroke with an event frequency reported between 14-47%. Recent concerns have been raised about unprecedented increases of thrombus formation in VAD recipients with subsequent reports pointing towards implantation techniques as a critical contributor to these events. Thus, the overall prognosis with mechanical support can improve by advancing the surgeon’s approach to VAD implantation. Previous studies using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were aimed …
Effects Of Binary Solvent System On Morphology Of Particles, Patrick Besana
Effects Of Binary Solvent System On Morphology Of Particles, Patrick Besana
HIM 1990-2015
Recent advancements in cancer research has led to the synthesis of a new drug known as docetaxel. Meant to replace paclitaxel, its more natural counterpart whose ingredients are difficult to obtain, the drug is known to effectively treat a wide array of cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. The establishment of a synthetic alternative to paclitaxel has increased its bioavailability, thereby lowering the cost needed to utilize the drug. Still, the limiting factor in minimizing costs is the method in which the drug is processed. Current methods in drug processing have their limitations, which include the introduction …
Development Of A Set Of Force Response Equations To Represent The Musculature In Infants To Study Development Dysplasia Of The Hip, Brendan Jones
Development Of A Set Of Force Response Equations To Represent The Musculature In Infants To Study Development Dysplasia Of The Hip, Brendan Jones
HIM 1990-2015
This paper describes how a force response equation was created to model muscles, tendons, and ligaments of the hip joint to improve a biomechanical model of an infant hip to study Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH). DDH is the most common abnormality in newborn infants and is defined as any amount of instability in the hip including complete dislocation. Researchers at our institution are attempting to increase the success rate of treatment methods by creating computer models of the biomechanics of infant hip instability and dislocation. The computer model used a scaled adult pelvis, femur, tibia, fibula and foot …
Dynamic Response Of A Multi-Span Curved Beam From Moving Transverse Point Loads, Amanda Alexander
Dynamic Response Of A Multi-Span Curved Beam From Moving Transverse Point Loads, Amanda Alexander
HIM 1990-2015
This thesis describes how to evaluate a first-order approximation of the vibration induced on a beam that is vertically curved and experiences a moving load of non-constant velocity. The curved beam is applicable in the example of a roller coaster. The present research in the field does not consider a curved beam nor can similar research be applied to such a beam. The complexity of the vibration of a curved beam lies primarily in the description of the variable magnitude of the moving load applied. Furthermore, this motion is also variable. This thesis will present how this beam will displace …
Hybrid Carbon Fiber Alumina Nanocomposite For Non-Contact Stress Sensing Via Piezospectroscopy, Imad Hanhan
Hybrid Carbon Fiber Alumina Nanocomposite For Non-Contact Stress Sensing Via Piezospectroscopy, Imad Hanhan
HIM 1990-2015
Carbon ber composites have become popular in aerospace structures and applications due to their light weight, high strength, and high performance. Recently, scientists have begun investigating hybrid composites that include fibers and particulate fillers, since they allow for advanced tailoring of mechanical properties, such as improved fatigue life. This project investigated a hybrid carbon ber reinforced polymer (HCFRP) that includes carbon fiber and additional alumina nanoparticle fillers, which act as embedded nano stress-sensors. Utilizing the piezospectroscopic e ect, the photo-luminescent spectral signal of the embedded nanoparticles has been monitored as it changes with stress, enabling non-contact stress detection of the …
Design And Evaluation Of A Test Platform For Thermal Mechanical And Acoustical Loading, Abdi Jasmin
Design And Evaluation Of A Test Platform For Thermal Mechanical And Acoustical Loading, Abdi Jasmin
HIM 1990-2015
Next generation hypersonic cruise vehicle components will be subjected to a collection of loads not achievable in contemporary mechanical test platform. The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the design of a unique test platform for combined extreme environment (P-CEEn) needed to replicate thermal, acoustic and mechanical loading to be imparted on hypersonic fuselage panels. The panels are typically subjected to super-imposed cycling from hypersonic shock/impingement and aerodynamic pressure from the usual ascent-cruise-decent motion of the aircrafts combined with mechanical vibration at acoustic frequencies; moreover, these slender components will undergo conventional mechanical fatigue with compressive mean stress due to …
Frequency-Domain Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy (Fd-Frs) For Functionalized Particle And Biomolecule Characterization, Richard Murdock
Frequency-Domain Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy (Fd-Frs) For Functionalized Particle And Biomolecule Characterization, Richard Murdock
HIM 1990-2015
In this study, the magnetically-induced vibrations of functionalized magnetic particle suspensions were probed for the development of a novel optical spectroscopy technique. Through this work (1) the frequency-dependence of the faraday rotation in ferrofluids and (2) the extension of this system to elucidating particle size and conformation as an alternative immunossay to costly and labor/time intensive Western Blotting and ELISA has been shown. With its sensitivity and specificity, this method has proven to be a promising multi-functional tool in biosensing, diagnostic, and therapeutic nanomedicine efforts. Due to its ubiquitous nature in all optically-transparent materials, the farady rotation, or circular birefringence, …
Understanding And Modeling Pathways To Thrombosis, John Seligson
Understanding And Modeling Pathways To Thrombosis, John Seligson
HIM 1990-2015
This research will investigate techniques to create a sensor that is responsive to methane at 23°C. The approach will use the integration of a very thin film, which changes its resistive properties when methane gas is applied, deposited atop the surface of a piezoelectric substrate. An aluminum thin film interdigital transducer will launch a surface acoustic wave (SAW) that travels under the sensor’s gas-sensitive resistive thin film. The SAW/resistive film interaction changes the SAW amplitude, phase and delay. For this work, three films, tin dioxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO) and palladium (Pd) [1, 2] will be studied. Gas detection will …
A Mechanics-Based Approach For Putt Distance Optimization, Pascual Santiago-Martinez
A Mechanics-Based Approach For Putt Distance Optimization, Pascual Santiago-Martinez
HIM 1990-2015
Quantifying the core mechanics of putting is imperative to developing a reliable model that predicts post-collision ball behavior. A preliminary model for the stroking motion of putting and putter-ball collision is developed alongside experiments, establishing an empirical model that supports the theory. The goal of the present study is to develop a correlation between the backstroke of a putt, or the pre-impact translation of the putter, and the post-impact displacement of the golf ball. This correlation is subsequently utilized to generate an algorithm that predicts the two-dimensional ball trajectory based on putt displacement and putting surface texture by means of …
Compendium Of Thermoviscoplasticity Modeling Parameters For Materials Under Non-Isothermal Fatigue, Nathan O'Nora
Compendium Of Thermoviscoplasticity Modeling Parameters For Materials Under Non-Isothermal Fatigue, Nathan O'Nora
HIM 1990-2015
Viscoplasticity models allow for the prediction of the inelastic behavior of materials, taking into account the rate-dependence. In order to model the response under non-isothermal conditions experienced by many components, such as those in turbomachinery, however, it is necessary to incorporate temperature-dependence. Additionally, for materials subjected to thermal shock, temperature rate-dependence is also important. The purpose of this research is to develop a method of determining Chaboche viscoplasticity parameters that allows for consistent behavior with changing temperature. A quartet of candidate materials, 304 stainless steel, IN617, DS GTD-111, and Ti6242S, were chosen for their applications in turbomachinery, such as gas …
Modeling Financial Markets Using Concepts From Mechanical Vibrations And Mass-Spring Systems, Michael Gandia
Modeling Financial Markets Using Concepts From Mechanical Vibrations And Mass-Spring Systems, Michael Gandia
HIM 1990-2015
This thesis describes a method of modeling financial markets by utilizing concepts from mechanical vibration. The models developed represent multi-degree of freedom, mass-spring systems. The economic principles that drive the design are supply and demand, which act as springs, and shareholders, which act as masses. The primary assumption of this research is that events cannot be predicted but the responses to those events can be. In other words, economic stimuli create responses to a stock’s price that is predictable, repeatable and scientific. The approach to determining the behavior of various financial markets encompassed techniques such as Fast Fourier Transform and …
Effects Of Relaxed Assumptions On The State Switching Technique, Stephen Ilardi
Effects Of Relaxed Assumptions On The State Switching Technique, Stephen Ilardi
HIM 1990-2015
This thesis explores the effects of two assumptions commonly used in mathematical models related to a piezoelectric damping method known as State Switching. The technique relies on changing the stiffness state of a piezoelectric patch through control of the electrical boundary conditions. The transition between stiffness states is assumed to occur instantaneously and in concurrence with the switch event. In actuality, the transition will occur over a finite time and will trail behind the switch event by a finite time. For these assumptions to be valid, the effects of switch duration and delay on the performance of the State Switching …
The Tlc Method For Modeling Creep Deformation And Rupture, David May
The Tlc Method For Modeling Creep Deformation And Rupture, David May
HIM 1990-2015
This thesis describes a novel new method, termed the Tangent-Line-Chord (TLC) method, that can be used to more efficiently model creep deformation dominated by the tertiary regime. Creep deformation is a widespread mechanical mode of failure found in high-stress and temperature mechanical systems. To accurately simulate creep and its effect on structures, researchers utilize finite element analysis (FEA). General purpose FEA packages require extensive amounts of time and computer resources to simulate creep softening in components because of the large deformation rates that continuously evolve. The goal of this research is to employ multi-regime creep models, such as the Kachanov-Rabotnov …
Scalable Nano Particle Production Of Low Bioavailability Pharmaceuticals For Augmented Aqueous Solubility, Aaron Madden
Scalable Nano Particle Production Of Low Bioavailability Pharmaceuticals For Augmented Aqueous Solubility, Aaron Madden
HIM 1990-2015
The billion dollar pharmaceutical research and development pipeline suffers greatly from high attrition rates of novel therapeutic compounds within pre-clinical and clinical trials. Poor bioavailability in many new drugs, originating in the various methodologies of high throughput screening, may explain part of these growing failure rates. One interpretation of this phenomenon relies on bioavailability's correlation with aqueous solubility; much modern processing allows chemicals to fully develop without touching water, yielding upwards of 90% of new chemical entities practically insoluble in aqueous media. Thus, one approach to alleviating bioavailability and potentially clinical attrition rates necessitates augmented aqueous solubility. The amorphous nanoparticle …
Development And Validation Of An Absorption Sensor For Time-Resolved Measurements Of Co And Co2, Kyle Thurmond
Development And Validation Of An Absorption Sensor For Time-Resolved Measurements Of Co And Co2, Kyle Thurmond
HIM 1990-2015
A sensor was developed for simultaneous measurements of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide fluctuations in internal combustion engine exhaust gases. This sensor utilizes low-cost and compact LEDs that emit in the 3-5[micro]m wavelength range which are more appropriate for practical applications than the more traditionally used lasers. An affordable, fast response sensor that can measure these gases has broad application that can lead to more efficient, fuel flexible engines and regulations of harmful emissions. LEDs have a more spectrally broad and diverging emission than lasers which presented many design challenges. The optical design software ZEMAX was utilized to overcome these …
Fracture Toughness Of A Hyperelastic Material During Surgical Cutting, Kevin Smith
Fracture Toughness Of A Hyperelastic Material During Surgical Cutting, Kevin Smith
HIM 1990-2015
Despite being one of the most important organs of vertebrates, the material properties of skin are also one of the most poorly understood. In the field of designing medical devices and surgical tools there are significant advantages to having a model that describes the interaction of forces between a blade tip and skin during surgical cutting. In general, skin can best be described as a composite layer consisting of a viscoelastic dermis with interwoven collagen and elastin fibers beneath a superficial epidermis. The purpose of this research is to study the fracture toughness of porcine skin during practical cutting applications, …
Characterization Of Polyetherimide Under Static, Dynamic, And Multiple Impact Conditions, Bryan Zuanetti
Characterization Of Polyetherimide Under Static, Dynamic, And Multiple Impact Conditions, Bryan Zuanetti
HIM 1990-2015
The application of polymers in robust engineering designs is on the rise due to their excellent mechanical properties such as high fracture toughness, specific strength, durability, as well as, thermal and chemical resistances. Implementation of some advanced polymeric solids is limited due to the lack of available mechanical properties. In order for these materials to endure strenuous engineering designs it is vital to investigate their response in multiple loading rates and conditions. In this thesis, the mechanical response of polyethermide (PEI) is characterized under quasi-static, high strain rate, and multiple impact conditions. Standard tension, torsion, and compression experiments are performed …
A Simplified Approach To Thermomechanical Fatigue And Application To V-Shaped Notches, Thomas Bouchenot
A Simplified Approach To Thermomechanical Fatigue And Application To V-Shaped Notches, Thomas Bouchenot
HIM 1990-2015
A vast array of high value parts in land- and air-based turbomachinery are subjected to non-isothermal cycling in the presence of mechanical loading. Crack initiation, growth and eventual failure more significantly reduce life in these components compared to isothermal conditions. More accurate simulation of the stress and strain evolution at critical locations of components, as well as test specimens, can lead to a more accurate prediction of remaining life to a structural integrity specialists. The focus of this thesis is to characterize the effects of thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) on generic turbomachinery alloy. An expression that can be used to estimate …
Microscopic Surface Textures Created By Interfacial Flow Instabilities, Jing Gu
Microscopic Surface Textures Created By Interfacial Flow Instabilities, Jing Gu
HIM 1990-2015
In nature, microscopic surface textures impact useful function, such as the drag reduction of shark skin (Dean & Bhushan, 2010) and superhydrophobicity of the lotus leaf(Pan, Kota, Mabry, & Tuteja, 2013). In this study, we explore these phenomena by re-creating microscopic surface textures via the method of interfacial flow instability in drying polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) acetone solutions. In general, PVDF films can be made using either spin coating or electrospray deposition with various weight concentrations in acetone. In order to study the morphology of the porous structure of PVDF films, wet deposition samples were fabricated by spin coating or near-field …
A Computed Tomography-Based Model Of The Infant Hip Anatomy For Dynamic Finite Element Analysis Of Hip Dysplasia Biomechanics, Kyle Snethen
A Computed Tomography-Based Model Of The Infant Hip Anatomy For Dynamic Finite Element Analysis Of Hip Dysplasia Biomechanics, Kyle Snethen
HIM 1990-2015
Newborns diagnosed with hip dysplasia face severe consequences when treatments fail. The Pavlik harness presents the most common worldwide treatment for correcting this medical hip abnormality in newborns, but becomes increasingly ineffective as subluxation increases. A dynamic finite element analysis on the hip joint would yield results that could provide insight to physicians as to how the Pavlik harness could be optimized to increase its success rate and develop patient-specific treatment plans. The study completes the first step in such an analysis by generating a three-dimensional model of an infant hip joint directly derived from computed tomography imaging in order …
Production, Control And Actuation Of Micron-Sized Particles In A Microfluidic T-Junction, James Wilson
Production, Control And Actuation Of Micron-Sized Particles In A Microfluidic T-Junction, James Wilson
HIM 1990-2015
This research is directed towards understanding the mechanisms associated with the manufacture of solid microspheres less than 100 [micrometers], from liquid droplets with nanosuspensions in a microfluidic T-junction, which are heated downstream of the channel. Preliminary material characterization tests on colloidal suspensions of alumina and copper oxide demonstrate promising temperature dependent viscosity results indicating solidification in the temperature range of 40°C-50°C. The solidification mechanism is referred to as Temperature Induced Forming and is described by polymeric bridges formed between nanoparticles in suspension at elevated temperatures, resulting in a solid structure. The polymer network results from the ionization of alumina at …
Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation Of The Orientation Of A Pediatric Left Ventricle Assist Device Cannula To Reduce Stroke Events, Stephen Guimond
Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation Of The Orientation Of A Pediatric Left Ventricle Assist Device Cannula To Reduce Stroke Events, Stephen Guimond
HIM 1990-2015
Ventricle Assist Devices (VADs), which are typically either axial or centrifugal flow pumps implanted on the aortic arch, have been used to support patients who are awaiting cardiac transplantation. Success of the apparatus in the short term has led to long term use. Despite anticoagulation measures, blood clots (thrombi) have been known to form in the device itself or inside of the heart. The Ventricle Assist Devices supply blood flow via a conduit (cannula) implanted on the ascending aorta. Currently, the implantation angle of the VAD cannula is not taken into consideration. Since the VADs supply a significant amount of …
Adding Cerebral Autoregulation To A Lumped Parameter Model Of Blood Flow, Russell Gentile
Adding Cerebral Autoregulation To A Lumped Parameter Model Of Blood Flow, Russell Gentile
HIM 1990-2015
A mathematical model of blood flow in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) was improved by adding cerebral autoregulation. This is the process by which blood vessels constrict or dilate to keep blood flow steady in certain organs during pressure changes. The original lumped parameter model transformed the fluid flow into an electrical circuit. Its behavior is described using a system of thirty-three coupled differential equations that are solved numerically using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method implemented in MATLAB. A literature review that includes a discussion of autoregulation mechanisms and approaches to modeling them is followed by a description of …
Investigation On Interactions Of Unsteady Wakes And Film Cooling On An Annular Endwall, Matthew J. Golsen
Investigation On Interactions Of Unsteady Wakes And Film Cooling On An Annular Endwall, Matthew J. Golsen
HIM 1990-2015
In recent decades, greater interest in the effect of rotational wakes on gas turbine film cooling applications has produced increasing numbers of studies on these unsteady phenomena. Wakes are primarily shed from upstream components such as transition duct walls, stator vanes, and rotors. Studies have shown that in areas of unsteady flow, the best performing parameters in conventional steady investigations may not be the best for unsteady applications. One common method of modeling the unsteady wake interaction in subsonic flows is the use of spoke wheel type wake generators using cylindrical rods to produce the velocity detriment and local increase …
An Experimental And Numerical Study Of Secondary Flows And Film Cooling Effectiveness In A Transonic Cascade, James C. Kullberg
An Experimental And Numerical Study Of Secondary Flows And Film Cooling Effectiveness In A Transonic Cascade, James C. Kullberg
HIM 1990-2015
Experimental tests on a transonic annular rig are time-consuming and expensive, so it is desirable to use experimental results to validate a computational model which can then be used to extract much more information. The purpose of this work is to create a numerical model that can be used to simulate many different scenarios and then to apply these results to experimental data.; In the modern world, gas turbines are widely used in aircraft propulsion and electricity generation. These applications represent a massive use of energy worldwide, so even a very small increase in efficiency would have a significant beneficial …
Effect Of Rib Aspect Ratio On Heat Transfer And Friction In Rectangular Channels, Lucky Vo Tran
Effect Of Rib Aspect Ratio On Heat Transfer And Friction In Rectangular Channels, Lucky Vo Tran
HIM 1990-2015
The heat transfer and friction augmentation in the fully developed portion of a 2:1 aspect ratio rectangular channel with orthogonal ribs at channel Reynolds numbers of 20,000, 30,000, and 40,000 is studied both experimentally and computationally. Ribs are applied to the two opposite wide walls. The rib aspect ratio is varied systematically at 1, 3, and 5, with a constant rib height and constant rib pitch (rib-pitch-to-rib-height ratio of 10). The purpose of the study is to extend the knowledge of the performance of rectangular channels with ribs to include high aspect ratio ribs. The experimental investigation is performed using …
Toward Increasing Performance And Efficiency In Gas Turbines For Power Generation And Aero-Propulsion Unsteady Simulation Of Angled Discrete-Injection Coolant In A Hot Gas Path Crossflow, Perry L. Johnson
HIM 1990-2015
This thesis describes the numerical predictions of turbine film cooling interactions using Large Eddy Simulations. In most engineering industrial applications, the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations, usually paired with two-equation models such as k-Greek lowercase letter epsilon] or k-Greek lowercase letter omega], are utilized as an inexpensive method for modeling complex turbulent flows. By resolving the larger, more influential scale of turbulent eddies, the Large Eddy Simulation has been shown to yield a significant increase in accuracy over traditional two-equation RANS models for many engineering flows. In addition, Large Eddy Simulations provide insight into the unsteady characteristics and coherent vortex structures of …
Heat Transfer Study Of A Triple Row Impingement Channel At Large Impingement Heights, Roberto Claretti
Heat Transfer Study Of A Triple Row Impingement Channel At Large Impingement Heights, Roberto Claretti
HIM 1990-2015
Advanced cooling techniques are required to increase the Brayton cycle temperature ratio necessary for the increase of the overall cycle's efficiency. Current turbine components are cooled with an array of internal cooling channels in the midchord section of the blade, pin fin arrays at the trailing edge and impingement channels in the leading edge. Impingement channels provide the designer with high convective coefficients on the target surface. Increasing the heat transfer coefficient of these channels has been a subject of research for the past 20 years. In the current study, a triple row impingement channel is studied with a jet …
Stress Concentration Factors For V-Notched Plates Under Axisymmetric Pressure, Nathan J. Mutter
Stress Concentration Factors For V-Notched Plates Under Axisymmetric Pressure, Nathan J. Mutter
HIM 1990-2015
The topic of this thesis is the investigation of the local states of stress resulting from the introduction of av-notch in a coaxial circle on the pressurized surface of a circumferentially clamped plate subject to axisymmetric loading. The understanding of the fracture behavior of a component experiencing such a condition is of particular interest to the aerospace and defense industries where circular plate components are often utilized. In such applications, it is imperative that the designer be able to predict the loading conditions facilitating dynamic fracture. As a step towards solving such problems, the quasi-static analogy is studied. Specifically, the …
Numerical Solution Of The Two-Phase Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations Using A Gpu-Accelerated Meshless Method, Jesse Kelly
Numerical Solution Of The Two-Phase Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations Using A Gpu-Accelerated Meshless Method, Jesse Kelly
HIM 1990-2015
This project presents the development and implementation of a GPU-accelerated meshless two-phase incompressible fluid flow solver. The solver uses a variant of the Generalized Finite Difference Meshless Method presented by Gerace et al. [1]. The Level Set Method [2] is used for capturing the fluid interface. The Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) language for general-purpose computing on the graphics-processing-unit is used to implement the GPU-accelerated portions of the solver. CUDA allows the programmer to take advantage of the massive parallelism offered by the GPU at a cost that is significantly lower than other parallel computing options. Through the combined use …