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Desirable Candidates For High-Performance Lead-Free Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells, Sajid Sajid, Salem Alzahmi, Imen Ben Salem, Nouar Tabet, Yousef Haik, Ihab M. Obaidat

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are currently demonstrating tremendous potential in terms of straightforward processing, a plentiful supply of materials, and easy architectural integration, as well as high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the elemental composition of the widely utilized organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) contains the hazardous lead (Pb). The presence of Pb in the PSCs is problematic because of its toxicity which may slow down or even impede the pace of commercialization. As a backup option, the scientific community has been looking for non-toxic/less-toxic elements that can replace Pb in OIHPs. Despite not yet matching the impressive results of Pb-containing …