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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Cobalt Ferrite Nano-Composites For The Oxidation Of Phenols In Oil Refinery Wastewater, Amira Mohamed
Cobalt Ferrite Nano-Composites For The Oxidation Of Phenols In Oil Refinery Wastewater, Amira Mohamed
Theses and Dissertations
Phenolic compounds have the tendency to persist in the environment over a long period making them a main source of concern because of their toxic characteristics towards humans and animals (Bruce et al., 1987). Therefore, existence of phenolic compounds in aquatic environment is unfavourable and as a result, many treatment techniques have been implemented to treat the wastewater produced from petroleum refineries. Petroleum refineries are among the top industries that produces significant quantities of high phenol concentration wastewater. Photo-catalysis is a promising and effective method to treat phenol present in oil refineries effluent. In this study, the photo-catalyst used is …
Effects Of Nitrate On Arsenic Mobilization During Aquifer Storage And Recovery, Hania Hawasli
Effects Of Nitrate On Arsenic Mobilization During Aquifer Storage And Recovery, Hania Hawasli
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Aquifer storage and recovery technology is used to sustain water resources and to prevent saltwater intrusion. The injected water can come from various resources, including treated wastewater. In pilot ASR studies in the Tampa Bay region, researchers found high As concentrations in the recovered water from the oxidation of the arsenopyrite that is embedded in the aquifers. The presence of dissolved O2 in the injected water is a major factor in the arsenopyrite oxidation during ASR, however the effects of NO3- on the arsenopyrite has not been studied yet. This is an important knowledge gap because injected water may contain …
The Effects Of Oxidized Biodiesel Fuel On Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Composition And Particulate Matter Emissions From A Light-Duty Diesel Engine, Jack Elliot Reed
The Effects Of Oxidized Biodiesel Fuel On Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Composition And Particulate Matter Emissions From A Light-Duty Diesel Engine, Jack Elliot Reed
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Diesel particulate matter (PM) is classified by the EPA as carcinogenic, with the transportation sector largely responsible these emissions within the United States. Biodiesel (B100) is derived from renewable sources, providing similar chemical composition to diesel fuel and is in the current diesel supply up to 5% across the nation. However, biodiesel has an inherent oxidation issue due to the unique mixture of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) molecules present in the biodiesel that are not in diesel. Biodiesel oxidation can only be delayed, and the inevitable process results in changes to the original fuel composition that may alter emissions …
Fluvial Sediment Organic Matter Degradation Identified With Elemental And Isotopic Fate During Laboratory Incubation, Brenden Riddle
Fluvial Sediment Organic Matter Degradation Identified With Elemental And Isotopic Fate During Laboratory Incubation, Brenden Riddle
Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering
Fluvial sediment is well recognized as a critical factor in both carbon and nutrient budgets within stream systems. However, we find very few studies of reactivity and isotope enrichment for stream water from agricultural and urban streams and the class of substrate known as fluvial sediment organic matter. This study investigated the hypothesis that fluvial sediment is subject to degradation even though many previous studies have considered this class of substrate generally inert. Therefore we qualify that elemental and isotopic signatures of fluvial sediment organic matter should be considered potentially non-conservative when used in tracer studies. Methods applied to this …
An Improved Method Of Arsenic (Iii) Removal By Reverse Osmosis Membrane, Yizhi Hou
An Improved Method Of Arsenic (Iii) Removal By Reverse Osmosis Membrane, Yizhi Hou
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Arsenic is a Group 1 carcinogen as there is abundant research to support that ingestion of arsenic in drinking water and food can lead to liver, lung, kidney, or bladder cancer in humans. The recommend World Health Organization (WHO) arsenic standard in drinking water is 10 µg/L, while the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of arsenic in drinking water is 10 µg/L. Globally, at least 40 million people face more than 10 µg/L arsenic contamination in their drinking water. As(III) (trivalent state, such as arsenite), and As(V) (pentavalent state, such as arsenates) are the dominant arsenic forms …
Nitrate Radicals And Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds: Oxidation, Mechanisms And Organic Aerosol, Nga Lee Ng, Steven S. Brown, Alexander T. Archibald, Elliot Atlas, Ronald C. Cohen, John N. Crowley, Douglas A. Day, Neil M. Donahue, Juliane L. Fry, Hendrik Fuchs, Robert J. Griffin, Marcelo I. Guzman, Hartmut Hermann, Alma Hodzic, Yoshiteru Iinuma, José L. Jimenez, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Ben H. Lee, Deborah J. Luecken, Jingqiu Mao, Robert Mclaren, Anke Mutzel, Hans D. Osthoff, Bin Ouyang, Benedicte Picquet-Varrault, Ulrich Platt, Havala O. T. Pye, Yinon Rudich, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Manabu Shiraiwa, Jochen Stutz, Joel A. Thornton, Andreas Tilgner, Brent J. Williams, Rahul A. Zaveri
Nitrate Radicals And Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds: Oxidation, Mechanisms And Organic Aerosol, Nga Lee Ng, Steven S. Brown, Alexander T. Archibald, Elliot Atlas, Ronald C. Cohen, John N. Crowley, Douglas A. Day, Neil M. Donahue, Juliane L. Fry, Hendrik Fuchs, Robert J. Griffin, Marcelo I. Guzman, Hartmut Hermann, Alma Hodzic, Yoshiteru Iinuma, José L. Jimenez, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Ben H. Lee, Deborah J. Luecken, Jingqiu Mao, Robert Mclaren, Anke Mutzel, Hans D. Osthoff, Bin Ouyang, Benedicte Picquet-Varrault, Ulrich Platt, Havala O. T. Pye, Yinon Rudich, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Manabu Shiraiwa, Jochen Stutz, Joel A. Thornton, Andreas Tilgner, Brent J. Williams, Rahul A. Zaveri
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) by the nitrate radical (NO3) represents one of the important interactions between anthropogenic emissions related to combustion and natural emissions from the biosphere. This interaction has been recognized for more than 3 decades, during which time a large body of research has emerged from laboratory, field, and modeling studies. NO3-BVOC reactions influence air quality, climate and visibility through regional and global budgets for reactive nitrogen (particularly organic nitrates), ozone, and organic aerosol. Despite its long history of research and the significance of this topic in atmospheric chemistry, a number …
The Stability Of Ferrate(Vi) In Water And Its Impacts On Disinfection Byproduct Precursors, Yanjun Jiang
The Stability Of Ferrate(Vi) In Water And Its Impacts On Disinfection Byproduct Precursors, Yanjun Jiang
Doctoral Dissertations
Ferrate has been proposed as an alternative pre-oxidant in drinking water treatment for many years. Despite extensive studies that examined ferrate oxidation of specific contaminants, little research has been done on the impacts of ferrate in raw waters that include natural organic matter (NOM) and bromide, and that are also treated with coagulants and chlorine. The future of ferrate as a potable water treatment chemical depends on its ability to achieve adequate disinfection while minimizing the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) under these realistic scenarios. In this work, laboratory-scale treatment studies were conducted to (1) clarify the stability of ferrate …
The Use Of Sodium Persulfate In Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids: A Degradation Study Based On Furfural, Katherine Elizabeth Manz
The Use Of Sodium Persulfate In Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids: A Degradation Study Based On Furfural, Katherine Elizabeth Manz
Masters Theses
Hydraulic fracturing has allowed natural gas to become a viable energy source via extraction of unconventional shale reserves, but this process requires an enormous amount of water. To ensure a productive fracture, a proprietary blend of chemical additives is added to the water. In this research, a hydraulic fracturing chemical additive – an enzyme breaking agent – is analyzed for organic components using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The chemical changes that occur over the course of a fracture are also investigated using one model chemical found in the additive, furfural, in order to help assess the environmental risk that hydraulic …
Evaluation Of Ferrate Preoxidation For Drinking Water Treatment, Joseph E. Goodwill
Evaluation Of Ferrate Preoxidation For Drinking Water Treatment, Joseph E. Goodwill
Doctoral Dissertations
Ferrate (Fe(IV)) has been proposed as a viable alternative for pre-oxidation in drinking water treatment (Jiang & Lloyd, 2002; Sharma, Kazama, Jiangyong, & Ray, 2005). The primary advantages of ferrate include a strong oxidation potential without the formation of halogenated by-products. In addition, the by-product of ferrate oxidation, ferric iron (Fe(III)), may have beneficial impacts on downstream particle destabilization and removal processes. Also, ferrate has disinfectant properties and may also provide pathogen inactivation in drinking water (Sharma et al., 2005). However, despite these advantages, there is a dearth of research experience that examines the implications of using ferrate for treating …
Sustainable Decolorization Of Reactive And Acid Dye Wastewater Using Photo-Fenton Oxidation Both With And Without Biodegradation: Laboratory And Field Studies, Marissa R. Jablonski
Sustainable Decolorization Of Reactive And Acid Dye Wastewater Using Photo-Fenton Oxidation Both With And Without Biodegradation: Laboratory And Field Studies, Marissa R. Jablonski
Theses and Dissertations
Photo-Fenton oxidation is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) used to degrade low-concentration textile dye wastewater using expensive chemicals. The technique has shown promise in laboratory-scale projects, but has not been scaled up sustainably to function for industry. Aerobic biodegradation is a common biological treatment method used in large-scale textile industrial applications that generates large amounts of hazardous biological waste. This waste is often left open to the elements and subsequently leaches into natural waterways or onto land. This is the first study of its kind to combine the two to treat cottage-scale industry-grade textile wastewater with a dye concentration of …
Mathematical Modeling Of Carbon Removal In The A-Stage Activated Sludge System, Thomas Nogaj
Mathematical Modeling Of Carbon Removal In The A-Stage Activated Sludge System, Thomas Nogaj
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research developed a dynamic activated sludge model (ASM) to better describe the overall removal of organic substrate, quantified as chemical oxygen demand (COD), from A-stage high rate activated sludge (HRAS) systems. This dynamic computer model is based on a modified ASM1 (Henze et al., 2000) model. It was determined early in the project that influent soluble COD, which is normally represented by a single state variable in ASM1, had to be subdivided into two state variables (SBs and SBf, or slow and fast fractions) to simulate the performance of A-stage systems. Also, the addition of state variables differentiating colloidal …
Evaluation Of Iron And Manganese Control For A Volcanic Surface Water Supply Treated With Conventional Coagulation, Sedimentation And Filtration Processes, Christine Hall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A research project assessing the effectiveness of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) for the treatment of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) has been conducted by the University of Central Florida (UCF) on behalf of the United States Navy with regards to the water supply on the island of Guam, located in the Marianas Islands. The study consisted of three basic investigative components: one that examined the use of potassium permanganate for iron and manganese control for Fena Lake, a second that examined the existing unit operations that comprised the Navy's water treatment plant (NWTP), and a third that examined iron and manganese …
Mechanism And Kinetics Of Oxidation Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Fenton's Reagent, Somnath Basu, Irvine Wei
Mechanism And Kinetics Of Oxidation Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Fenton's Reagent, Somnath Basu, Irvine Wei
Irvine W. Wei
Fenton's reagent is an effective oxidant for pretreatment and toxicity reduction in wastewater contaminated with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP). The reaction, and its dependence on various parameters (e.g., molar ratios of the reacting chemicals, pH, temperature, etc.) have been reported elsewhere. In this paper a mechanistic interpretation of the reaction pathway, with identity of the intermediate reaction products, has been presented. An empirical expression for the rate of reaction has also been proposed in terms of the disappearance of TCP in water, as a function of the concentrations of the TCP itself and of the oxidant, hydrogen peroxide.
Evaluation Of Oxidized Media Filtration Processes For The Treatment Of Hydrogen Sulfide In Groundwater, Vito Trupiano
Evaluation Of Oxidized Media Filtration Processes For The Treatment Of Hydrogen Sulfide In Groundwater, Vito Trupiano
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study evaluated alternative sulfide treatment processes for potable water systems that rely on groundwater supplies. Research for this study was conducted at the Imperial Lakes (IL) and Turner Road (TR) water treatment plants (WTPs) in Polk County, Florida. These WTPs are in the process of refurbishment and expansion, and will require the installation of a new groundwater well. The IL and TR WTPs both rely upon groundwater sources that contain total sulfide at concentrations ranging from 1.4 to 2.6 mg/L. Sulfide is a concern because if left untreated it can impact finished water quality, corrosivity, create undesirable taste and …
A Non-Isolated Half Bridge Buck-Based Converter For Vrm Application And Small Signal Modeling Of A Non-Conventional Two Phase Bu, Majd Batarseh
A Non-Isolated Half Bridge Buck-Based Converter For Vrm Application And Small Signal Modeling Of A Non-Conventional Two Phase Bu, Majd Batarseh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is about treatment of the nonbiodegradable organic content of landfill leachate by chemical oxidation combined with biological treatment. It is divided into three parts. In the first part, ferrate was compared to Fenton's reagent for the purpose of removing non-biodegradable organic compounds from mature leachate. Oxidation conditions (time, pH, and dose) were optimized to yield maximum organic removal using two leachate samples from 20 and 12-year old solid waste cells. Results from this research demonstrated that ferrate and Fenton's reagent had similar optimum pH ranges (3-5), but different organic removal capacities, ranging from 54 to 79 % of …
Halonitromethane Treatment Using Advanced Oxidation Process: Rates, Mechanisms And Kinetic Modeling, Stuart Kirkham Cole
Halonitromethane Treatment Using Advanced Oxidation Process: Rates, Mechanisms And Kinetic Modeling, Stuart Kirkham Cole
Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Halonitromethanes (HNMs) are low molecular weight halogenated disinfection-by-products (DBPs) found to be formed during ozonation, chlorination, or chloramination of waters containing natural bromide ion and nitrogenous organic matter. This work identifies the absolute rate constants for the oxidative hydroxyl radical (•OH) and reductive hydrated electron e- aq extinction of HNM compounds. Three forms of HNMs included in this study are the chlorinated, brominated, and mixed halogenated compounds. Electron pulse radiolysis and transient absorption spectroscopy were used to measure •OH and e- aq radical absolute reaction rate constants for a total of nine HNMs. To elucidate the decomposition reaction …