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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Impacts Of A Daily Trap Check Law On The California Adc Program, Craig Coolahan
Impacts Of A Daily Trap Check Law On The California Adc Program, Craig Coolahan
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
Effective January 1, 1990 California law required that all steel-jawed leghold traps be inspected at least daily and all animals in such traps be removed. The inspection and removal could be performed by the individual who set the traps, the landowner, or an agent of either. Prior to the passage of this law, California Animal Damage Control (ADC) personnel were exempt from Department of Fish and Game trap checking regulations. The data suggest that a decrease in trap use occurred after the implementation of the daily trap check. Where the program could effectively substitute other control tools or methods for …
Analysis Of Vertebrate Pest Research, Jim Hone
Analysis Of Vertebrate Pest Research, Jim Hone
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
Research on vertebrate pest control is mostly empirical, focusing on control of species X in location Y using method Z. Such an approach is needed. The science of vertebrate pest research is developing some generalizations across species, locations, and methods. This paper further explores such generalizations by discussing six questions asked by Hone (1994), the answers to which are relevant to vertebrate pest research world-wide. Several case studies are examined, with emphasis on control of damage by small mammals and predation control. Suggestions are made for future research.
Use Of The Modified Australian Crow Trap For The Control Of Depredating Birds In Sonoma County, Pierre Gadd Jr
Use Of The Modified Australian Crow Trap For The Control Of Depredating Birds In Sonoma County, Pierre Gadd Jr
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
The Modified Australian Crow (MAC) trap to control depredating birds can be a very humane, target species specific and effective bird control tool. Pertinent topics will include legal status, timing, and care of trapped birds. The following are also discussed: species identification, trap construction, and placement and humane euthanasia methods.
The Potential Impact Of Introduced Commensal Rodents On Island Flora, Gillian Key, Renata Platenberg, Andrew Easby, Kathleen Mais
The Potential Impact Of Introduced Commensal Rodents On Island Flora, Gillian Key, Renata Platenberg, Andrew Easby, Kathleen Mais
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
The impact of introduced commensal rodents on island flora has been relatively little studied compared with their impact on the fauna. The effects on vegetation composition, regeneration, and decomposition are largely unknown, but potentially great. Preliminary studies were carried out in the Galapagos Islands between 1993 and 1994 on the diet of introduced rats, Rattus spp. and feral house mice, Mus musculus, seed recovery rates and subsequent germination rates of seeds. R. rattus diet was primarily vegetation and 48% of rats had seeds in their stomachs. Significant differences were found between body size and overall contribution of both …
Ecological Challenges To Controlling Wild Rabbits In Australia Using Virally-Vectored Immunocontraception, C. K. Williams
Ecological Challenges To Controlling Wild Rabbits In Australia Using Virally-Vectored Immunocontraception, C. K. Williams
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
The European wild rabbit in Australia threatens the sustainability of agriculture and conservation of native flora and fauna. Improved means of reducing these impacts are sought including effort to develop virally vectored immunocontraception (VVIC). VVIC for the wild rabbit involves complex interactions between the rabbit, myxoma virus and insect vectors of the virus. Development of the method includes not only reproductive molecular biology and genetics and manipulation of virus genetics, but also many problems in reproductive biology, ecology and population dynamics of the rabbit in diverse environments. Furthermore, epidemiology of enzootic myxomatosis, and behavior and population dynamics of several vector …
Disaccharide Intolerance Of European Starlings, Leonard R. Askham
Disaccharide Intolerance Of European Starlings, Leonard R. Askham
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
The use of disaccharides to discourage bird depredation to agricultural crops has elicited some interest during the last few years. Data developed in these trials indicate that several avian species are intolerant to sucrose because of the lack of sucrase enzymes in their digestive systems. Based on this research it is hypothesized that progressively increasing rates and volumes of solutions would elicit consistent adverse stress reactions. Furthermore, that if birds were intolerant to sucrose, because of their co-evolutionary development with plants, then they should lack the ability to digest lactose. The data developed in these trials does not support either …
Field Efficacy Of Diphacinone Grain Baits Used To Control The California Ground Squirrel, J. A. Baroch
Field Efficacy Of Diphacinone Grain Baits Used To Control The California Ground Squirrel, J. A. Baroch
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
Diphacinone treated oat groats were effective in reducing populations of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) by more than 84%. Two concentrations of active ingredient (0.005% and 0.01%) were compared, as well as two application methods: spot baiting and bait stations. Squirrel activity on test plots was assessed before and after bait applications using visual counts and active burrow counts. There was good correspondence between results of the two activity indices. There was no significant improvement in efficacy provided by the higher concentration of diphacinone. Bait consumption was much lower on bait station plots. Squirrel carcasses were found on …
Norway Rat Infestation Of Urban Landscaping And Preventative Design Criteria, Bruce A. Colvin, Ralph Degregorio, Charlotte Fleetwood
Norway Rat Infestation Of Urban Landscaping And Preventative Design Criteria, Bruce A. Colvin, Ralph Degregorio, Charlotte Fleetwood
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
Fifty-four landscaped areas in downtown Boston were surveyed for Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) activity. Each location also was characterized based on size, types of plantings, density of plantings, type of mulch, and sanitary and maintenance conditions. Factors most associated with the presence of rats were dense contiguous stands of shrubbery (e.g., needled evergreens) and refuse/litter availability on the ground. Design criteria should include effective spacing of shrubbery, limiting mass plantings of dense shrubs, selection of plant varieties that grow with openness underneath, strategically-placed and rodent-proof refuse containers, and use of crushed-stone inspection strips. Rodent control should be considered …
The Persistence And Secondary Poisoning Risks Of Sodium Monofluoroacetate (1080), Brodifacoum, And Cholecalciferol In Possums, C. T. Eason, G. R. Wright, L. Meikle, P. Elder
The Persistence And Secondary Poisoning Risks Of Sodium Monofluoroacetate (1080), Brodifacoum, And Cholecalciferol In Possums, C. T. Eason, G. R. Wright, L. Meikle, P. Elder
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
To determine the risk of secondary poisoning for animals preying on sub-lethally poisoned brushtail possums, captive possums were treated with near-lethal doses of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) or brodifacoum, and toxicant concentrations in blood and tissue were monitored over time. Sodium monofluoroacetate was rapidly eliminated from the blood (within three days). Brodifacoum was retained in the liver and, to a lesser extent, the muscle of possums for eight months after dosing. To determine the potential risk for animals scavenging on the carcasses of possums poisoned with cholecalciferol, cats were fed poisoned carcasses for six days. No changes in behavior, appetite, or …
The Status Of Nuisance Wildlife Damage Control In The States, Kristen P. La Vine, Mark J. Reeff, Jodi A. Dlcamillo, Gary S. Kama
The Status Of Nuisance Wildlife Damage Control In The States, Kristen P. La Vine, Mark J. Reeff, Jodi A. Dlcamillo, Gary S. Kama
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
State fish and wildlife agencies and nuisance wildlife control operators must work together whether or not they actively choose to. In this paper, their relationship is likened to a marriage between two (not so likely) partners. In an attempt to assess the status of this relationship the International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, The Wildlife Society's Wildlife Damage Management Working Group, and the National Animal Damage Control Association developed a survey that addressed the level of state agencies' oversight of nuisance wildlife control operators (NWCOs). Responses were received from 47 states, 1 territory, and 17 ADC state offices. This …
The Distribution And Significance Of Anticoagulant-Resistant Norway Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) In England And Wales, 1988-95, Alan D. Macnicoll, Gerard M. Kerbms, Nicola J. Dennis, J. Erica Gill
The Distribution And Significance Of Anticoagulant-Resistant Norway Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) In England And Wales, 1988-95, Alan D. Macnicoll, Gerard M. Kerbms, Nicola J. Dennis, J. Erica Gill
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
Between 1988 and 1995 populations of rats on agricultural premises were sampled to investigate the distribution of anticoagulant-resistant rats in England and Wales. In total, approximately 1,670 rats from 115 locations were tested for resistance to warfarin. Rats that were warfarin-resistant were subsequently tested for resistance to difenacoum, and since 1991 for resistance to bromadiolone. In some cases rats were also tested for resistance to brodifacoum, and in 1995 for resistance to flocoumafen. The results of these tests showed that there was a high prevalence of resistance to the first-generation anticoagulant, warfarin, in several regions of England and Wales. Rats …
Developing Wildlife Management Into A Successful Business, Peter C. Nelson
Developing Wildlife Management Into A Successful Business, Peter C. Nelson
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
Wildlife management has been developed into a successful business. The company was set up after the principal shareholder was made redundant after over 30 years in the wildlife management field. The company has been successful, as it diversified into a consultancy and supply company, and targeted a wide range of animal species and equipment.
Education And Training Integral Part To 1080 Possum Control In New Zealand, Peter C. Nelson
Education And Training Integral Part To 1080 Possum Control In New Zealand, Peter C. Nelson
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Vertebrate Pest Conference 1996
New Zealand currently has large scale possum and rabbit operations being carried out on about 10% of its land area. Education and training are integral to possum control in New Zealand because of the heavy reliance that the control agencies in New Zealand place on toxic baiting with 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate). Education of the general public is treated as a high priority since without their approval many of the operations would not be carried out. It is equally important that school children are advised on what toxic baits look like and why pest control operations are required. Training of pest …