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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Muscle Synergies Improve Estimation Of Knee Contact Forces During Walking, Benjamin Fregly, Jonathan Walter, Allison Kinney, Scott Banks, Darryl D'Lima, Thor Besier, David Lloyd
Muscle Synergies Improve Estimation Of Knee Contact Forces During Walking, Benjamin Fregly, Jonathan Walter, Allison Kinney, Scott Banks, Darryl D'Lima, Thor Besier, David Lloyd
Allison Kinney
This study investigates whether use of subject-specific muscle synergies can improve optimization predictions of muscle excitation patterns and knee contact forces during walking. Muscle synergies describe how a small number of neural commands generated by the nervous system can be linearly combined to produce the broad range of muscle electromyographic (EMG) signals measured experimentally. By quantifying the interdependence of individual EMG signals, muscle synergies provide dimensionality reduction for the neural control redundancy problem. Our hypothesis was that use of subjectspecific muscle synergies to limit muscle excitation patterns would improve prediction of muscle EMG patterns at the hip, knee, and ankle …
Muscle Synergy Constraints Improve Prediction Of Knee Contact Force During Gait, Benjamin Fregly, Jonathan Walter, Allison Kinney, Scott Banks, Darryl D'Lima, Thor Besier, David Lloyd
Muscle Synergy Constraints Improve Prediction Of Knee Contact Force During Gait, Benjamin Fregly, Jonathan Walter, Allison Kinney, Scott Banks, Darryl D'Lima, Thor Besier, David Lloyd
Allison Kinney
Knowledge of patient-specific muscle and joint contact forces during activities of daily living could improve the treatment of movement-related disorders (e.g., osteoarthritis, stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s disease). Unfortunately, it is currently impossible to measure these quantities directly under common clinical conditions, and calculation of these quantities using computer models is limited by the redundant nature of human neural control (i.e., more muscles than theoretically necessary to actuate the available degrees of freedom in the skeleton). Walking is a particularly important task to understand, since loss of mobility is associated with increased morbidity and decreased quality of life. Though numerous musculoskeletal …
Evaluation Of Different Optimal Control Problem Formulations For Solving The Muscle Redundancy Problem, Friedl De Groote, Allison Kinney, Anil Rao, Benjamin Fregly
Evaluation Of Different Optimal Control Problem Formulations For Solving The Muscle Redundancy Problem, Friedl De Groote, Allison Kinney, Anil Rao, Benjamin Fregly
Allison Kinney
This study evaluates several possible optimal control problem formulations for solving the muscle redundancy problem with the goal of identifying the most efficient and robust formulation. One novel formulation involves the introduction of additional controls that equal the time derivative of the states, resulting in very simple dynamic equations. The nonlinear equations describing muscle dynamics are then imposed as algebraic constraints in their implicit form, simplifying their evaluation. By comparing different problem formulations for computing muscle controls that can reproduce inverse dynamic joint torques during gait, we demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed novel formulation.
Material Properties And Microstructural Characterization Of Specimens, T.J. Silverman, Allison Kinney, B. South, W. Yong, J.H. Koo
Material Properties And Microstructural Characterization Of Specimens, T.J. Silverman, Allison Kinney, B. South, W. Yong, J.H. Koo
Allison Kinney
The HiQ upgrade to the 3D Systems Vanguard selective laser sintering (SLS) machine incorporates a revised thermal calibration system and new software. This paper quantifies differences in mechanical and morphological properties of specimens built first using a Vanguard HS (high-speed) system and again using the same system with the HiQ upgrade applied. Standard specimens are built from DuraForm PA material and tested for tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural modulus and Izod impact strength. The design of the specimen battery, the conduction of the tests and the significance of the results are discussed. The upgrade is found to …
Synergies Controls Improve Prediction Of Knee Contact Forces And Muscle Excitations During Gait, Benjamin Fregly, Jonathan Walter, Allison Kinney, Scott Banks, Darryl D'Lima, Thor Besier, David Lloyd
Synergies Controls Improve Prediction Of Knee Contact Forces And Muscle Excitations During Gait, Benjamin Fregly, Jonathan Walter, Allison Kinney, Scott Banks, Darryl D'Lima, Thor Besier, David Lloyd
Allison Kinney
This study investigates whether use of muscle excitation controls constructed from subjectspecific muscle synergy information can improve optimization prediction of knee contact forces and muscle excitations during walking. Muscle synergies quantify how a large number of experimental muscle electromyographic (EMG) signals can be reconstructed by linearly mixing a much smaller number of neural commands generated by the nervous system. Our hypothesis was that controlling all muscle excitations with a small set of experimentally calculated neural commands would improve prediction of knee contact forces and leg muscle excitations compared to using independently controlled muscle excitations.
Comparison Of Material Properties And Microstructure Of Specimens Built Using The 3d Systems Vanguard Hs And Vanguard Hiq+Hs Sls Systems, T.J. Silverman, Allison Kinney, W. Yong, J.H. Koo
Comparison Of Material Properties And Microstructure Of Specimens Built Using The 3d Systems Vanguard Hs And Vanguard Hiq+Hs Sls Systems, T.J. Silverman, Allison Kinney, W. Yong, J.H. Koo
Allison Kinney
The HiQ upgrade to the 3D Systems Vanguard selective laser sintering (SLS) machine incorporates a revised thermal calibration system and new control software. The paper compares the tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural modulus, Izod impact resistance and microstructure of two batteries of standard specimens built from recycled Duraform PA (Nylon 12). The first set is built on a Vanguard HS system and the second on the same system with the HiQ upgrade installed. The upgrade reduces user intervention, decreases total build time and improves surface finish. However, using the default processing parameters, tensile, flexure and impact properties …
A Platinum Nanowire Network As A Highly Effective Current Collector For Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Hanping Ding, Xingjian Xue
A Platinum Nanowire Network As A Highly Effective Current Collector For Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Hanping Ding, Xingjian Xue
Xingjian "Chris" Xue
We report the fabrication and evaluation of a platinum nanowire network as a highly efficient current collector for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The ink of carbon-black supported platinum nanoparticles was sprayed onto the cathode. After firing, the carbon black was oxidized and disappeared as carbon dioxide gas while the platinum nanoparticles connect with one another, forming a tree-branch-like nanowire network. The diameters of the nanowires range from 100 nm to 400 nm. Compared to a conventional platinum paste current collector, the polarization resistance of the PrBaCo2O5+δ (PBCO) cathode with a nanowire current collector was reduced …
A Platinum Nanowire Network As A Highly Effective Current Collector For Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Hanping Ding, Xingjian Xue
A Platinum Nanowire Network As A Highly Effective Current Collector For Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Hanping Ding, Xingjian Xue
Xingjian "Chris" Xue
We report the fabrication and evaluation of a platinum nanowire network as a highly efficient current collector for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The ink of carbon-black supported platinum nanoparticles was sprayed onto the cathode. After firing, the carbon black was oxidized and disappeared as carbon dioxide gas while the platinum nanoparticles connect with one another, forming a tree-branch-like nanowire network. The diameters of the nanowires range from 100 nm to 400 nm. Compared to a conventional platinum paste current collector, the polarization resistance of the PrBaCo2O5+δ (PBCO) cathode with a nanowire current collector was reduced by 44% at 650 …
Umass Amherst Energy Modeling Guidelines, Nariman Mostafavi, Ted Mendoza, Jeffrey G. Quackenbush, Sandy J. Beauregard, Jason J. Burbank, Mohamad Farzinmoghadam, Ludmilla Pavlova-Gillham, Kylie A. Landrey
Umass Amherst Energy Modeling Guidelines, Nariman Mostafavi, Ted Mendoza, Jeffrey G. Quackenbush, Sandy J. Beauregard, Jason J. Burbank, Mohamad Farzinmoghadam, Ludmilla Pavlova-Gillham, Kylie A. Landrey
Ludmilla D Pavlova
Facilities & Campus Services, Sustainable UMass and Campus Planning support sustainability and energy conservation initiatives by providing in-house resources to campus staff as well as designers and contractors working with the University. The Campus energy Modeling Guidelines were developed in 2015 as a resource on how to: i) generate energy models for campus buildings; ii) provide quality assurance review of current energy models; and iii) share UMass Amherst energy modeling input parameters with project design teams for them to establish a baseline building energy profile.
Sample Size Effect On Combustion Analysis, Osueke C. O, Uguru Okorie Daniel, Aondoyila Kuhe
Sample Size Effect On Combustion Analysis, Osueke C. O, Uguru Okorie Daniel, Aondoyila Kuhe
Innovative Research Publications IRP India
Engine parameters vary from one cycle to the other and this makes engine analysis with data from a single working cycle insufficient in capturing or modelling an engine behaviour. The variation observed in engine has necessitated the use sample sizes of data obtained during an engine operation to obtain results that are representative of the engine being investigated. Research has shown that the use of very large data sample size increases the storage needed and processing time and does not necessary give better results over results obtained with lesser sample sizes. The number of sample size to use for analysis …
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Of Mwcnt/ Mu-Metal/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposite, C. Sarala Rubi, S. Gowthaman, N. G. Renganathan
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Of Mwcnt/ Mu-Metal/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposite, C. Sarala Rubi, S. Gowthaman, N. G. Renganathan
Innovative Research Publications IRP India
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding material containing a blend of multi walled carbon nano tube (MWCNT) and mumetal has been prepared and their electromagnetic shielding capabilities were characterised through XRD, SEM, EDAX, etc. The shielding effectiveness (SE) was measured using vector network analyser in X-band frequency range (8-12 GHz).
Induction Hardening And Microstructure Analysis Of Micro-Alloyed Steel Roller Shaft Of An Undercarriage, S. Gajanana, B. Suresh Kumar Reddy, T. Shivendra Lohit, K. Anil Kumar Reddy, Ankur Jain
Induction Hardening And Microstructure Analysis Of Micro-Alloyed Steel Roller Shaft Of An Undercarriage, S. Gajanana, B. Suresh Kumar Reddy, T. Shivendra Lohit, K. Anil Kumar Reddy, Ankur Jain
Innovative Research Publications IRP India
The current work focuses on study of input parameters of induction hardening process of micro-alloyed steel roller shaft of an Undercarriage. Regression relation is generated for hardness using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by using Design Expert Software as a tool for optimization. Further, the micro structure of selected shafts was analyzed.
Comparative Study Of The Energy Absorption Capacities Of Xps And Xpe Foam Filled Aluminium Square Tubes Under Quasi-Static Axial Compression, Suman Bargav. R, Venkataswamy. K. S, Suresh P. M
Comparative Study Of The Energy Absorption Capacities Of Xps And Xpe Foam Filled Aluminium Square Tubes Under Quasi-Static Axial Compression, Suman Bargav. R, Venkataswamy. K. S, Suresh P. M
Innovative Research Publications IRP India
Quasi-static compression tests were performed on empty and foam filled Aluminium square tubes. Two different foam types: Extended Polystyrene (XPS) and Extended Polyethylene (XPE) were used to fill the empty tubes. In this paper experimental and numerical simulations were performed to investigate the effect of foam filling on crashworthiness parameters.
Production & Process Optimization Of Micro Alloyed Steel Roller Shaft Of An Under Carriage, S. Gajanana, Kulkarni Rahul, Shreyas Gampa, Tharun Vempati, Jv Srinath
Production & Process Optimization Of Micro Alloyed Steel Roller Shaft Of An Under Carriage, S. Gajanana, Kulkarni Rahul, Shreyas Gampa, Tharun Vempati, Jv Srinath
Innovative Research Publications IRP India
Manufacturing or production is one of the most important sectors of any field. It involves various steps or processes to convert raw materials into finished products. With the more precise demands of modern engineering products and competition to provide good quality, the surface finish, dimensional accuracy along with metal removal rate (MRR) plays a very important role. The selection of optimum cutting conditions (depth of cut, feed and speed) is an important element of process planning for every machining operation. In order to optimize the output parameters i.e., MRR, power consumption and surface roughness, the process variables are varied. Inspite …
Rational Design Of Mixed Ionic And Electronic Conducting Perovskite Oxides For Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials: A Case Study For Doped Srtio3, Suwit Suthirakun, Guoliang Xiao, Salai Ammal, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden
Rational Design Of Mixed Ionic And Electronic Conducting Perovskite Oxides For Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials: A Case Study For Doped Srtio3, Suwit Suthirakun, Guoliang Xiao, Salai Ammal, Fanglin Chen, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye, Andreas Heyden
Salai C. Ammal
No abstract provided.
Design, Fabrication, And Properties Of 2-2 Connectivity Cement/Polymer Based Piezoelectric Composites With Varied Piezoelectric Phase Distribution, Xu Dongyu, Cheng Xin, Sourav Banerjee, Huang Shifeng
Design, Fabrication, And Properties Of 2-2 Connectivity Cement/Polymer Based Piezoelectric Composites With Varied Piezoelectric Phase Distribution, Xu Dongyu, Cheng Xin, Sourav Banerjee, Huang Shifeng
Sourav Banerjee
The laminated 2-2 connectivity cement/polymer based piezoelectric composites with variedpiezoelectric phase distribution were fabricated by employing Lead Zirconium Titanate ceramicas active phase, and mixture of cement powder, epoxy resin, and hardener as matrix phase with a mass proportion of 4:4:1. The dielectric, piezoelectric, and electromechanical coupling properties of the composites were studied. The composites with large total volume fraction ofpiezoelectric phase have large piezoelectric strain constant and relative permittivity, and thepiezoelectric and dielectric properties of the composites are independent of the dimensional variations of the piezoelectric ceramic layer. The composites with small total volume fraction of piezoelectric phase have large …
Development Of Combined Optical Cell And Sieverts-Type Apparats For In-Situ Measurement Of Hydrogen Storage Materials, Chun Chiu, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, Edwin Heilweil, Leonid Bendersky
Development Of Combined Optical Cell And Sieverts-Type Apparats For In-Situ Measurement Of Hydrogen Storage Materials, Chun Chiu, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, Edwin Heilweil, Leonid Bendersky
Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers
No abstract provided.
Exploration Of Magnetoelectric Thin-Film Sensors Using Supperlattice Composition Spreads, K.-S. Chang, M. Aronova, C. Gao, C. Lin, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, M. Murakami, I. Takeuchi
Exploration Of Magnetoelectric Thin-Film Sensors Using Supperlattice Composition Spreads, K.-S. Chang, M. Aronova, C. Gao, C. Lin, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, M. Murakami, I. Takeuchi
Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers
No abstract provided.
A Combinatorial Characterization Scheme For High-Throughput Investigations Of Hydrogen Storage Materials, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, Zhuopeng Tan, Hiroyuki Oguchi, Chun Chiu, Edwin Heilweil, James Maslar, Leonid Bendersky
A Combinatorial Characterization Scheme For High-Throughput Investigations Of Hydrogen Storage Materials, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, Zhuopeng Tan, Hiroyuki Oguchi, Chun Chiu, Edwin Heilweil, James Maslar, Leonid Bendersky
Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers
No abstract provided.
Modeling Of Chemical-Mechanical Couplings In Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells And Reliability Analysis, Xinfang Jin, Xingjian Xue
Modeling Of Chemical-Mechanical Couplings In Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells And Reliability Analysis, Xinfang Jin, Xingjian Xue
Xingjian "Chris" Xue
Oxygen ionic transport in conducting ceramics is an important mechanism enabling solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology. The multi-physicochemical processes lead to the fact that the distribution of oxygen vacancy site fraction is not uniform in a positive-electrode electrolyte negative-electrode (PEN) assembly. Different oxygen vacancy concentrations induce different volumetric expansion of ceramics, resulting in complicated chemical–mechanical coupling phenomena and chemical stress in SOFCs. In this research, a mathematical model is developed to study oxygen ionic transport induced chemical stress in an SOFC. The model is validated using experimental polarization curves. Comprehensive simulations are performed to investigate chemical stress distribution in …
Mechanical Design Of A Low-Cost Deployable Solar Panel Array For A 1-U Cubesat, Thomas Mcguire, Skye Leake, Michael Parsons, Michael Hirsch, Benjamin Kading, Jeremy Straub, David Whalen
Mechanical Design Of A Low-Cost Deployable Solar Panel Array For A 1-U Cubesat, Thomas Mcguire, Skye Leake, Michael Parsons, Michael Hirsch, Benjamin Kading, Jeremy Straub, David Whalen
Jeremy Straub
CubeSats are small spacecraft with a nominal size of 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm and a mass of 1.33 kg (though some launch providers are now supporting expanded mass levels). While the CubeSat form factor has reduced the time and cost of spacecraft development, the required resources are still beyond the grasp of many colleges and universities. The Open Prototype for Educational Nanosats (OPEN) concept aims to solve this problem. OPEN is an inexpensive modular CubeSat that can be produced with a parts budget of less than $5,000. The OpenOrbiter program is working to develop this set …
Design And Development Of A Payload Area Sub-Structure For A 1-U Cubesat, Tristan Plante, Jordan Forbord, Alexander Holland, Landon Klein, Benjamin Kading, Jeremy Straub, Ronald Marsh
Design And Development Of A Payload Area Sub-Structure For A 1-U Cubesat, Tristan Plante, Jordan Forbord, Alexander Holland, Landon Klein, Benjamin Kading, Jeremy Straub, Ronald Marsh
Jeremy Straub
Advancements in the miniaturization of electronics and other factors have allowed CubeSats, small satellites that can be created at a much lower cost than a large satellite, to perform numerous useful tasks. CubeSats, which are nominally 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm with a mass of less than 1.33 kg, are also developed in academic institutions to aid student learning; however, the development and launch of CubeSats can be expensive. Because of this, the Open Prototype for Educational NanoSats (OPEN) aims to make CubeSat development more affordable by developing a set of design documents as well as the …
Characterization Of 3d Interconnected Microstructural Network In Mixed Ionic And Electronic Conducting Ceramic Composites, William M. Harris, Kyle S. Brinkman, Ye Lin, Dong Su, Alex P. Cocco, Arata Nakajo, Matthew B. Degostin, Yu-Chen Karen Chen-Wiegart, Jun Wang, Fanglin Chen, Yong S. Chu, Wilson K. S. Chiu
Characterization Of 3d Interconnected Microstructural Network In Mixed Ionic And Electronic Conducting Ceramic Composites, William M. Harris, Kyle S. Brinkman, Ye Lin, Dong Su, Alex P. Cocco, Arata Nakajo, Matthew B. Degostin, Yu-Chen Karen Chen-Wiegart, Jun Wang, Fanglin Chen, Yong S. Chu, Wilson K. S. Chiu
Fanglin Chen
The microstructure and connectivity of the ionic and electronic conductive phases in composite ceramic membranes are directly related to device performance. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) including chemical mapping combined with X-ray nanotomography (XNT) have been used to characterize the composition and 3-D microstructure of a MIEC composite model system consisting of a Ce0.8Gd0.2O2 (GDC) oxygen ion conductive phase and a CoFe2O4 (CFO) electronic conductive phase. The microstructural data is discussed, including the composition and distribution of an emergent phase which takes the form of isolated and distinct regions. Performance implications are considered …
Openorbiter Mechanical Design: A New Approach To The Design Of A 1-U Cubesat, Benjamin Kading, Jeremy Straub, Ronald Marsh
Openorbiter Mechanical Design: A New Approach To The Design Of A 1-U Cubesat, Benjamin Kading, Jeremy Straub, Ronald Marsh
Jeremy Straub
The OpenOrbiter Small Spacecraft Development Initiative is working to create a set of designs and implementation instructions for a 1-U CubeSat, called the Open Prototype for Educational NanoSats. These designs target a total parts cost of below USD $5,000. This design will be made publically available to facilitate its use by others, with or without modification. A ‘side slotted’ CubeSat design (where main circuit boards are placed in slots between the rails on the outside) has been developed for OpenOrbiter. This paper discusses the design choices that were made during the mechanical structure development of the OpenOrbiter CubeSat design, required …