Engineering Commons^™

A Generalized, Parametric Pr-Qmf/Wavelet Transform Design Approach For Multiresolution Signal Decomposition, Hakan Caglar

Dissertations

This dissertation aims to emphasize the interrelations and the linkages of the theories of discrete-time filter banks and wavelet transforms. It is shown that the Binomial-QMF banks are identical to the interscale coefficients or filters of the compactly supported orthonormal wavelet transform bases proposed by Daubechies.

A generalized, parametric, smooth 2-band PR-QMF design approach based on Bernstein polynomial approximation is developed. It is found that the most regular compact support orthonormal wavelet filters, coiflet filters are only the special cases of the proposed filter bank design technique.

A new objective performance measure called Non-aliasing Energy Ratio(NER) is developed. Its merits …

Computer Control For 2-Axis Magnetic Suspension System, Jian Chen

Theses

A two-axis magnetic suspension system. using linear-potentiometer position sensing and DC solenoids, controlled digitally by a 80386 microcomputer has been built and operated in our laboratory. Control algorithms obtained by combining the full-state feedback control law with two methods of estimating velocities are studied. One method uses a nonlinear reduced-order observer; the other uses a finite difference algorithm. The nonlinear reduced-order observer performs better in simulation but the difference algorithm takes less calculation time and is used in the implementation. The system has been operated successfully to suspend weights up to 1.2 lb. and to get a slant angle more …

Error Detection And Correction In Compressed Data, Nadir Sezgin

Theses

Encoded data is very sensitive to the channel errors. Especially if the data is compressed by Arithmetic Encoding procedure, then the error propagation is very high. The error propagation in Arithmetic Coding is studied. Exploiting the high error propagation property when compressing data by Arithmetic encoding procedure, two different algorithms have been proposed for error detection and correction. Under certain conditions these algorithms detect and with a very high probability correct the errors introduced to the compressed data.

Design Of An Advanced Control Algorithm For A Nuclear Power Plant Feedwater Control System, Randall C. Ezzo

Theses

Electric power companies with nuclear power plants have been aggressively looking for ways to increase plant safety and availability by increasing the reliability and performance of the plant's control systems. The performance of the Oyster Creek Nuclear Station's feedwater control system can be significantly improved by replacing the proportional-integral compensator with a compensator based on modern control concepts. In response to a -10 inch reactor water level setpoint change, settling time is improved from 107 seconds with 3% overshoot to 34 seconds with no overshoot.

Simulation And Modeling Of Kinetics Of Silicon Oxidation In The Thin Oxide Regime, Tirthankar Dutta

Theses

Thermal oxidation of Silicon in dry O₂, in the thin regime(< 500A) is of vital importance to VLSI device engineers, because thin layers of SiO₂ are exclusively used as gate dielectric for high performance of MOS devices. There exist a number of models to explain the kinetics of oxidation in this thin regime. However there is considerable variance among them and the reported rate constants, which are supposed to describe the oxidation process. Rather than arriving at an alternative model, the present study aims at an extensive study and simulation of existing models of oxidation in dry oxygen, in the thin regime, with a recent set of experimental data and …

Software Development For Analysis Of Stochastic Petri Nets Using Transfer Functions, Aman U. Jamwal

Theses

This thesis research is an implementation of a closed-form analytical technique for study, evaluation and analysis of Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN). The technique is based on a theorem that an isomorphism exists between an SPN and a Markov Chain. The procedure comprises five main steps: reachability graph generation of the underlying Petri net, transformation of the reachability graph to a state machine Petri net, calculation of transfer functions, computation of equivalent transfer functions via Mason's rule, and computation of performance parameters of the SPN model from the equivalent transfer functions and their derivatives. The software is developed in UNIX using …

Conditional Artificial Dielectrics ; Fabry-Perot Etalon, Ling-Yi Hu

Theses

Fabry-Perot etalons are optical resonators comprise of two mirrors and a spacer layer. By embedding a thin, photo-sensitive layer ( Conditional Artificial Dielectric - CAD layer ) in the middle of the spacer layer, we were able to photo-control the transmission properties of a Fabry-Perot etalon. Different structures have been analyzed and measured to find that a change of .01 was photo-activated in the refractive index of the Conditional Artificial Dielectric layer.

Minimum-Time Control For Submarine Interception, Zaiping Chen

Theses

This thesis attempts to offer a possible improvement for conventional anti-submarine system which is mounted on warship. It consists of two parts: the control law and its realization concerning the particular problem. The control based on optimal theory is devised for three-dimentional minimum-time interception. A microprocessor system is also designed to achieve all necessary steps to track and attack the target. The thesis focuses on the question of how to launch a group of subcharges to destroy a submarine cruising under water: find the optimal trajectory by developing a numerical method to solve the nonlinear dynamic system and design a …

A Color Petri Net Simulation Tool, Sanjaykumar V. Desai

Theses

A user friendly, modular and highly interactive graphical tool for drawing, editing and simulating color Petri nets is developed. The tool is designed to model concurrent and interlocked systems, such as flexible manufacturing systems, communication protocols and computer systems. A Color Petri Net(CPN) has a more concise graphical system representation than a standard Petri net, because net entities in CPN carry information. The CPNS(Color Petri Net Simulation) tool simulates a net having conflicts, reveals deadlocks, and creates a log file with the state history of the system yielding performance measures.

An Implementation Of Bionomial-Qmf For Subband Coding Of Speech, Feng Chen

Theses

A real-time subband speech codec is implemented by the author on TMS320C25 digital signal processor based hardware for speech compression down to 0.25 bit per sample.

The Binomial Quadrature Mirror Filters (B-QMFs) are employed as the basic block for the hierarchical, dynamic tree, analysis/synthesis filter bank. After the analysis, available bits are optimally allocated among subbands. Band statistics are updated to overcome the nonstationarities of speech signal.

The energy compaction performance of this codec is compared with different subband and DCT in simulations for speech signals and AR(1) source models.

It is shown that the speech codec implemented provides an …

A Multiple Coupled Microstrip Transmission Line Model For High-Speed Vlsi Interconnect Simulation, Lawrence Stevan Uzelac

Dissertations and Theses

A model is presented which incorporates the advantages of a mixed mode simulation to characterize transmission line behavior in multiple coupled Transmission line systems. The model is intended for use by digital circuit designers who wish to be able to obtain accurate transmission line behavior for complex digital systems for which continuous time simulation tools such as SPICE would time prohibitive. The model uses a transverse electromagnetic wave approximation to obtain solutions to the basic transmission line equations. A modal analysis technique is used to solve for the attenuation and propagation constants for the transmission lines. Modal analysis done in …

Direct Recovering Of Surface Structure Characterized By An Nth Degree Polynomial Equation Using The Uoff Approach, Mazen A. Salhi

Theses

There are two different approaches for estimation of structure and/or motion of objects in the computer vision community today. One is the feature correspondence method, and the other is the optical flow method [1]. There are many difficulties and limitations encountered with the feature correspondence method, while the optical flow method is more feasible, but requires a substantial amount of extra calculations if the optical flow is to be computed as an intermediate step.

Direct methods have been developed [2-4], that use the optical flow approach, but avoid computing the full optical flow field as an intermediate step for recovering …

Transmission Ellipsometry On Transparent Unbacked Or Embedded Thin Films With Application To Soap Films In Air, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The ratio ρ_t = T_p/T_s of the complex amplitude transmission coefficients for the p and s polarizations of a transparent unbacked or embedded thin film is examined as a function of the film thickness-to-wavelength ratio d/λ and the angle of incidence Φ for a given film refractive index N. The maximum value of the differential transmission phase shift (or retardance), Δ_t = argρ_t, is determined, for given N and Φ, by a simple geometrical construction that involves the iso-Φ circle locus of ρ_t in the complex plane. The …

The Theory Of Bootstrapped Algorithms And Their Applications To Cross Polarization Interference Cancelation, Abdulkadir Dinc

Dissertations

Dual-polarized transmission has become an important method for frequency re-use, particularly in satellite and microwave radio communication. Nevertheless, cross-polarization interference, which is inherent to this method, may cause degradation in system performance.

Different canceler [sic] structures have been proposed to mitigate the effect of cross-polarization. Among these are the diagonalizer, the least mean square (LMS) canceler [sic] and the bootstrapped cancelers [sic]. Bootstrapped canceler [sic] schemes have been proposed and implemented in different applications, such as satellites, tactical communications, and quadrature amplitude madulation [sic] (QAM) dual polarized microwave radio. Nevertheless, no attempt was made in the past to quantify the …

Performance Evaluation And Comparison Of Ordinary, Adaptive And Exhaustive Services In The Token Ring Network, Hong Wang

Theses

Ordinary service and exhaustive service are two major alternatives of scheduling policies considered in providing access to token ring networks. Results to date have shown that exhaustive service results in more delay to lightly loaded stations in asymmetric traffic while ordinary service wastes time in circulating the token after each transmission. This work presents a new token passing protocol, called adaptive service, in which the token holding time is dynamically changing; in this way, it provides a fair compromise between exhaustive and ordinary service. The simulation results show that in asymmetric traffic, adaptive service gives improvement on the local delay …

3-D Structure Recovery Using Unified Optical Flow Field Approach, Anees Ahmad

Theses

Recovery of the 3-D structure that is characterized by an N^th order factorable and/or non-factorable polynomial equation is studied in this thesis. Analytical tools have been employed to analyze and solve the problem. The solution is based on the direct method, which is derived from the unified optical flow field, which, in turn, is an extension of optical flow to spatial image sequences. Least squares formulation has been employed for optimum estimation. The method used does not require the establishment of point to point correspondence, nor the estimation of the optical flow, as an intermediate step.

The theoretical results …

Electroretinogram Modeling : Parameter Identification And Intensity-Response Function Fits, Juan J. Castro

Theses

Electroretinography testing provides many useful techniques for clinical diagnosis of the visual system. However, the interpretation of the electroretinogram data involves a great amount of subjectivity. The use of mathematical models and parameter estimation techniques to fit the electroretinogram data supply a non-subjective and more standard way for analysis of the electroretinogram data. Mathematical models provide a way of summarizing the information enclosed in the raw electroretinogram response into a small set of parameters that define the response.

This thesis presents a mathematical model for the electroretinogram response due to light stimuli. It also provides a non-subjective method for obtaining …

Task Scheduling For Fms Based On Genetic Algorithm, Hung-Yuan Li

Theses

A Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) consisting of p automated guided vehicles (AGV's), m workstations and n tasks is studied. The main problem investigated in this thesis is to find an optimal or suboptimal task scheduling for p AGV's among m workstations to complete n tasks.

An efficient approach based on genetic algorithms has been designed and implemented to solve the problem of task scheduling for a FMS. Near-optimal, or even optimal, task scheduling is accomplished by genetic algorithms. Simulation results on the algorithm are also discussed.

Performance Evaluation In Terms Of Congestion And Flow Control Of Interconnected Token Ring Local Area Networks, Muhammad Salim Raza

Theses

In an interconnected network, if user demands are allowed to exceed the system capacity, unpleasant congestion effects occur which rapidly neutralize the delay and efficiency advantages. Congestion can be eliminated by using an appropriate set of traffic monitoring and control procedures called flow control procedures. This thesis first investigates the major technical concepts underlying the token-ring technology; performance and flow control issues and then gives an approximate analytical solution in terms of mean end-toned delay in a system of token-ring local area network interconnected through bridges. The analytical solution is based on an approximation of the mean end-to-end delay in …

The Design And Testing Of A Personal Computer Controlled Scanning Acoustic Microscope For Orthopaedic Surgical Applications, Hubert Heinrich Berndt

Theses

This thesis describes scanning acoustic microscopy and ultrasonic image processing to characterize and evaluate materials of known properties, as well as novel materials. This work describes the assembly and testing of a PC based device for nondestructive evaluation of bone materials for usage in orthopaedics research. It includes the identification of some hardware problems and their solution, and it also describes different image processing techniques that have been developed and applied in this work. In a growing number of disciplines it has been discovered that an acoustic microscope can provide new information, especially about the elastic properties of specimens and …

The Bandwidth Allocation Of Atm Control By Neural Networks, Jin-Syan Chou

Theses

In this thesis, we develop a neural network method based on Adaptive Resonance Theory to train and control the optimum bandwidth allocation of ATM network. In Broadband Integrated Service Digital Network (BISDN), the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is already adopted as the transfer facility by CCITT. ATM is a high-bandwidth, low- delay, fast-packet switching and multiplexing technique. Using ATM technique, we can flexibly rearrange the network and reassign the bandwidth to meet the requirement of all types of services. As an effective optimization method, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied to implement the bandwidth allocation of ATM. Then, we use Adaptive …

Performance Analysis Of Symbol Timing Recovery Circuits Employed In Digital Communications Systems, Elisha Yegal Bar-Ness

Theses

An analytical approach is presented for the jitter performance of a timing recovery circuit consisting of a prefilter, a zero-memory nonlinear device, and a narrow band postfilter tuned to the pulse repetition frequency. Assuming first a squarer type of nonlinearity, analytical expressions for the rms jitter in the timing wave are obtained as a function of the pre and post filtering characteristics. These expressions are suitable for judging the case where the baseband signal is bandlimited. Also for some specific examples, the jitter performance of this kind of STR circuit is evaluated.

Secondly, a general type of nonlinerity is assumed, …

Multistage Interconnection Networks : Improved Routing Algorithms And Fault Tolerance, Kuo-Yu Chen

Theses

Multistage interconnection networks for use by multiprocessor systems are optimal in terms of the number of switching element, but the routing algorithms used to set up these networks are suboptimal in terms of time. The network set-up time and reliability are the major factors to affect the performance of multistage interconnection networks. This work improves routing on Benes and Clos networks as well as the fault tolerant capability. The permutation representation is examined as well as the Clos and Benes networks. A modified edge coloring algorithm is applied to the regular bipartite multigraph which represents a Clos network. The looping …

A Parallelogram Four-Frame Model In 3-D Motion And Structure Recovery Using Unified Optical Flow Field Approach, Zhichun Lin

Theses

In this paper a new concept of the unified optical flow field (UOFF) for 3 D motion analysis from a stereo image sequence is implemented which is an extension of the temporal optical flow formulations developed by Horn and Schunck. A four frame model is established and a spatial optical flow is also introduced.

In order to alleviate the problem of the strict requirement of two identical sensors in common stereo imagery a new imaging system is presented in this paper that needs only one camera, two plane mirrors and two switches to generate a phase shifted binocular sequence of …

Simulation Of Voice And Data Integration, Urmila S. Patel

Theses

A simulation model of integrated voice and data is developed. The data packets are transmitted during voice inactivity (i.e. silence duration). A statistical model of voice (talkspurt) and silence duration is generated. inter-arrival time between data packets is modeled using geometrical distribution. The data traffic statistics is simulated for a given voice activity model and various data packet arrival rates. Four important results are obtained by performing this simulation: 1. Average data packet delay versus arrival rate. 2. The optimal ratio of data packet arrival rate to average data packet delay. 3. Probability of wait time for various data packet …

Androx Implementation Of Nonlinear Filter, Keh-Chao Chu

Theses

Nonlinear filters, such as morphological operations, play an important role in image processing. Several software implementations of nonlinear filters are presented in this thesis. There may exist more than one method to implement a specific operation. The methods used in this thesis are chosen to be most suited for the machine used according to its structure. These most suited methods are also generally best for software implementations on other machines as well. The machine used here is the Androx image computing workstation.

Application Of Non-Imaging Optical Inspection To The Detection Of Pinhole Defects In Latex Condoms, Paul Micha Gelencser

Theses

An optical technique was demonstrated for the detection of pinhole defects in latex condoms. To evaluate the optical inspection concept, a prototype inspection apparatus was constructed. In order to maximize contrast between pinhole transmitted signal and optical signal transmitted through the latex condom material, ultraviolet (u.v.) light of wavelength 253nm has been used. This inspection was performed during rotation of the condom, with the light source inside the condom and the photomultiplier photodetector outside. The form on which the condoms were mounted was made of quartz in order to allow the u.v. light to be transmitted through it.

Background signal …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Lpcvd Silicon Carbide Thin Films For X-Ray Lithography, Mahalingam Bhaskaran

Theses

Amorphous silicon carbide thin films were fabricated using low pressure chemical deposition method with a single liquid precursor, di tertiary butyl silane. The films were deposited for a temperature range of 500-850°C and at different pressures ranging from 0.05 to 1 torr. The growth rate of the films deposited at constant pressure of 0.2 torr with a flow rate of 60 sccm, was found to follow an Arrehenius Behavior in the temperature range of 600 - 675°C, yielding an activation energy of 32.5 k cal mol^-1 . IR spectroscopic study showed an absorption peak centered at 780 cm^{-1 …}

A Mouse-Driven Interface For Androx Ics-400, Chin-Tien Chen

Theses

A mouse-driven interface is extremely useful for software performing image processing tasks. This thesis describes an implementation of a mouse-driven interface for the Androx ICS-400 image processing board. The Androx board is housed in a Sun 4/330 running a UNIX-based operating system. The main goal of this interface is to provide a consistent and friendly user interface for image processing tasks and integrating the Sun window libraries with the Androx libraries. Various image processing tasks, such as gray scale and binary morphological operations, histogram, thresholding, filtering, spot, logical operations, arithmetic operations, zooming, scrolling, rank and image acquisition are implemented in …

Emp Protection Validation Testing Approaches, George H. Baker

George H Baker

Integrated, operational system-level testing is required for confidence in any system's EMP hardness. Validation is not possible by analysis or inspection. Test capabilities exist to validate the EMP protection of properly designed systems. High-level free field simulators are the means of choice for testing aircraft and ground mobile systems. A combination of low level continuous wave and pulsed current injection testing are preferred for testing fixed facilities and systems connected to long line networks.