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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Contactless Measurement Of Angular Velocity Using Circularly Polarized Antennas, Vit Sipal, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann
Contactless Measurement Of Angular Velocity Using Circularly Polarized Antennas, Vit Sipal, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann
Articles
An innovative method to measure the angular velocity using circularly polarized antennas is proposed. Due to the properties of circular polarization, the angular velocity is frequency modulated (FM) on a wireless carrier. This enables a low-cost precise continuous measurement of angular velocity using a standard FM demodulator. The hardware can be easily adapted for both high and low angular velocity values. The precise alignment angle between the antennas can be determined if the initial antenna orientation is known. The angular error is shown to be
Impact Of Hub Location On The Performance Of Wireless Body Area Networks For Fitness Applications, Vit Sipal, Domenico Gaetano, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Impact Of Hub Location On The Performance Of Wireless Body Area Networks For Fitness Applications, Vit Sipal, Domenico Gaetano, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Articles
This letter compares the propagation properties of Wireless Body Area Networks for three different locations (head, foot and waist) of the hub/internet gateway on the human body. The wireless channels between the hubs and four nodes (chest, back, and upper arms) are measured on a female and a male subject performing push-ups and squats. A framework using spider plots is used for cumulative performance description. The results show that the best overall performance is for hub located on the left temple and the worst overall performance is achieved for a hub on the waist. These results are expected to stimulate …
The Progressive Development Of Turbulence Statistics And Its Impact On Wind Power Predictability, Thomas Woolmington, Keith Sunderland, Jonathan Blackledge, Michael Conlon
The Progressive Development Of Turbulence Statistics And Its Impact On Wind Power Predictability, Thomas Woolmington, Keith Sunderland, Jonathan Blackledge, Michael Conlon
Articles
Wind resource assessment is a critical parameter in a diverse range of considerations within the built environment. Engineers and scientists, engaging in building design, energy conservation/application and air-quality/air-pollution control measures, need to be cognisant of how the associated wind resource imposes increased complexities in their design and modelling processes. In this regard, the morphological heterogeneities within these environments, present significant challenges to quantifying the resource and its turbulent characteristics.
This paper presents three aspects of turbulence assessment within the built environment. Firstly, an analysis of how turbulence is currently quantified is considered. The industry standard, Turbulent Intensity (TI) is compared …
Printed Triple-Band Circularly Polarised Antenna For Wireless Systems, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Printed Triple-Band Circularly Polarised Antenna For Wireless Systems, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Articles
A triple-band circularly polarised microstrip patch antenna operating in the 2.4, 3.5 and 5.7 GHz bands is presented. The antenna consists of two substrate layers with an electromagnetically coupled low-band patch in the middle layer and a probe-fed dual-band patch on the top layer. The impedance bandwidths (voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2.5) for the three frequency bands are 112, 118 and 427 MHz with 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidths of 15, 44 and 36 MHz, respectively. The peak gains across the operating bands are 4.2, 5.5 and 4 dBic, respectively.
Breast Cancer Detection Using Interferometric Music: Experimental And Numerical Assessment, Giuseppe Ruvio, Raffaele Solimene, Antonio Cuccaro, Domenico Gaetano, Jacinta Browne, Max Ammann
Breast Cancer Detection Using Interferometric Music: Experimental And Numerical Assessment, Giuseppe Ruvio, Raffaele Solimene, Antonio Cuccaro, Domenico Gaetano, Jacinta Browne, Max Ammann
Articles
Purpose: In microwave breast cancer detection, it is often beneficial to arrange sensors in close proximity to the breast. The resultant coupling generally changes the antenna response. As an a priori characterization of the radio frequency system becomes difficult, this can lead to severe degradation of the detection efficacy. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the advantages of adopting an interferometric multiple signal classification (I-MUSIC) approach due to its limited dependence from a priori information on the antenna. The performance of I-MUSIC detection was measured in terms of signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR), signal-to-mean ratio (SMR), and spatial displacement (SD) …
Resolution-Enhanced All-Optical Analog-To-Digital Converter Employing Cascade Optical Quantization Operation, Zhe Kang, Xianting Zhang, Jinhui Yuan, Xinzhu Sang, Qiang Wu
Resolution-Enhanced All-Optical Analog-To-Digital Converter Employing Cascade Optical Quantization Operation, Zhe Kang, Xianting Zhang, Jinhui Yuan, Xinzhu Sang, Qiang Wu
Articles
In this paper, a cascade optical quantization scheme is proposed to realize all-optical analog-to-digital converter with efficiently enhanced quantization resolution and achievable high analog bandwidth of larger than 20 GHz. Employing the cascade structure of an unbalanced Mach-zehnder modulator and a specially designed optical directional coupler, we predict the enhancement of number-of-bits can be up to 1.59-bit. Simulation results show that a 25 GHz RF signal is efficiently digitalized with the signal-tonoise ratio of 33.58 dB and effective-number-of-bits of 5.28-bit.
State-Of-The-Art Of Metamaterials: Characterization, Realization And Applications, Giuseppe Ruvio, Giovanni Leone
State-Of-The-Art Of Metamaterials: Characterization, Realization And Applications, Giuseppe Ruvio, Giovanni Leone
Articles
Metamaterials is a large family of microwave structures that produces interesting ε and μ conditions with huge implications for numerous electromagnetic applications. Following a description of modern techniques to realize epsilon-negative, mu-negative and double-negative metamaterials, this paper explores recent literature on the use of metamaterials in hot research areas such as metamaterial-inspired microwave components, antenna applications and imaging. This contribution is meant to provide an updated overview of complex microwave engineering for the generation of different types of metamaterials and their application in topical electromagnetic scenarios.
Footwear And Wrist Communication Links Using 2.4 Ghz And Uwb Antennas, Domenico Gaetano, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann, Colm Brannigan, Louise Keating, Frances Horgan
Footwear And Wrist Communication Links Using 2.4 Ghz And Uwb Antennas, Domenico Gaetano, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann, Colm Brannigan, Louise Keating, Frances Horgan
Articles
It is reported that wearable electronic devices are to be used extensively in the next generation of sensors for sports and health monitoring. The information obtained from sensors on the human body depends on the biological parameters, the measurement rate and the number of sensors. The choice of the wireless protocol depends on the required data rates and on system configurations. The communication link quality is achieved with narrowband technologies such as Bluetooth or Zigbee, provided that the number of sensors is small and data rates are low. However, real-time measurements using wideband channels may also be necessary. This paper …
Using Near-Field Coupled Circularly Polarized Antennas As Frequency Independent Variable Phase-Shifters, Vit Sipal, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann
Using Near-Field Coupled Circularly Polarized Antennas As Frequency Independent Variable Phase-Shifters, Vit Sipal, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann
Articles
This paper introduces a novel concept of frequency-independent variable phase-shifters. It is based on the use of circularly polarized (CP) antennas coupled in the near-field. For transmission between two CP antennas in the far-field, a rotation around the boresight axis produces a phase change in the transfer function. This concept is exploited and validated also for near-field coupling between two CP antennas. Therefore, two close-coupled CP antennas can act as a adjustable phase-shifter with the phase-shift controlled by the angle between the structures. The bandwidth depends on the CP bandwidth of the antenna. This concept is valuable for future phase-shifters …
A Miniaturized Flexible Surface Attachable Interrogator For Hybrid Optical Fiber Sensing, Yuliya Semenova, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Ginu Rajan, Tomasz Wolinski, Andrzej Domański, Gerald Farrell
A Miniaturized Flexible Surface Attachable Interrogator For Hybrid Optical Fiber Sensing, Yuliya Semenova, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Ginu Rajan, Tomasz Wolinski, Andrzej Domański, Gerald Farrell
Articles
In this paper, we propose a miniaturized flexible interrogator for polarimetric and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors based hybrid sensing scheme embedded in composite materials. The flexible interrogation module comprises of an Arrayed Waveguide (AWG) for FBG demodulation and an Electro Optic Mach- Zehnder Interferometric (EO-MZI) intensity modulator for polarimetric sensor demodulation. A customized design of AWG and EO- MZI are presented, and the designed performance resulted in a wide channel spacing of 5 nm and low cross talk of -34 dB between adjacent channels for the AWG, and a low Vπ voltage of ±1.5 Volt for the MZI-EO. The …
Financial Appraisal Of A Small Scale Wind Turbine With A Case Study In Ireland, Tony Kealy
Financial Appraisal Of A Small Scale Wind Turbine With A Case Study In Ireland, Tony Kealy
Articles
This research seeks to evaluate the economic benefits to be gained by installing a small-scale wind turbine for a customer with a three-phase electrical supply requirement. The evidence for the claims made in this paper is obtained by using actual data obtained from the installed equipment over a three year period. The objective is to accurately appraise the financial investment using real data. There appears to be limited studies conducted into this type of research, possibly because the renewable energy sector is in the infancy stage in the host country, Ireland. There are some wind energy installations with financial appraisal …
Measuring Political Brand Equity In Ireland, Ewan Alexander Mcdonald, Roger Sherlock, John Hogan Dr
Measuring Political Brand Equity In Ireland, Ewan Alexander Mcdonald, Roger Sherlock, John Hogan Dr
Articles
Measuring Political Brand Equity in the Republic of Ireland
This paper will apply cognitive mapping techniques to understand the manner in which political brand equity is formed and distributed amongst the four largest Irish political parties from the perspective of citizens. It assesses the fundamental aspects of branding and brand equity in the marketing and political marketing literatures and offers and overview of the market in question – the Irish political environment. Primary data was generated through the participation of 232 citizens in the political brand elicitation stage and a further 75 citizens were involved in the construction of the …
Microfiber Coupler Based Label-Free Immunosensor, Lin Bo, Christy Charlton O'Mahony, Yuliya Semenova, Niamh Gilmartin, Pengfei Wang, Gerald Farrell
Microfiber Coupler Based Label-Free Immunosensor, Lin Bo, Christy Charlton O'Mahony, Yuliya Semenova, Niamh Gilmartin, Pengfei Wang, Gerald Farrell
Articles
Optical microfibers and related structures which incorporate large evanescent field and minimal size offer new opportunities for biosensing applications. In this paper we report the development of an immunosensor based on a tapered microfiber coupler embedded in a low refractive index polymer. Biomolecules adsorbed on the microfiber coupler surface modify the surrounding refractive index. By immobilizing antigens on the surface of the sensing area, the microfiber coupler was able to operate as a label-free immunosensor to detect specific antibodies. We experimentally demonstrated for the first time the sensing ability of this sensor using a fibrinogen antigen-antibody pair. By monitoring the …
Real-Time Control Of Shunt Active Power Filter Under Distorted Grid Voltage And Unbalanced Load Condition Using Self Tuning Filter, Samet Biricik, Soydan Redif, Ozgur Ozerdem, Shafiuzzaman K. Khadem, Malabika Basu
Real-Time Control Of Shunt Active Power Filter Under Distorted Grid Voltage And Unbalanced Load Condition Using Self Tuning Filter, Samet Biricik, Soydan Redif, Ozgur Ozerdem, Shafiuzzaman K. Khadem, Malabika Basu
Articles
In this paper, an alternative control method is proposed to improve the harmonic suppression efficiency of the active power filter in a distorted and an unbalanced power system to compensate for the perturbations caused by the unbalanced non-linear loads. The proposed method uses a self-tuning filter (STF) to process the grid voltage in order to provide a uniform reference voltage to obtain the correct angular position of the phase locked loop. Moreover, the required compensation currents are obtained by implementing another STF in the transformed set of currents in order to separate the fundamental and the harmonic currents. This allows …
A Cavity-Backed Spiral Slot Antenna With Wide Axial Ratio Beamwidth For Gps System, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
A Cavity-Backed Spiral Slot Antenna With Wide Axial Ratio Beamwidth For Gps System, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann
Articles
A monofilar spiral slot antenna with a cavity-backed reflector is described. presented, which can achieve the performance of the wide Axial Ratio beamwave for Global Positioning System GPS system. It comprises an arrangement of a single printed spiral slots fed by a 50 Ω microstrip line. By using cavity-backed covering the slot structure, a wide axial ratio beamwidth performance is achieved in the GPS L1 frequency. The angle with less than 3 dB axial ratio at 1.575 GHz in the YoZ plane is about 215 degree. The measured results show that the HPWB beamwidths at 1.575 GHz are 100 degree …
A Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Polarimetric Sensor For Cure Monitoring Of Magneto-Rheological Smart Composite Material, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Ginu Rajan, Yuliya Semenova, Y. Zhou, Stephen Jerrams, Gerald Farrell
A Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Polarimetric Sensor For Cure Monitoring Of Magneto-Rheological Smart Composite Material, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Ginu Rajan, Yuliya Semenova, Y. Zhou, Stephen Jerrams, Gerald Farrell
Articles
A buffer stripped high birefringent photonic crystal fibre based polarimetric sensor is developed for monitoring the curing process of magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) smart composite material. Using the developed sensor, different phases of the MRE curing process are clearly visible from the phase shift variation of the embedded polarisation maintaining photonic crystal fibre (PM-PCF) sensor. During the curing process, the buffer stripped PM-PCF exhibits a stress/strain induced phase shift variation from 0 to 1.98 rad. This is a significantly large phase change, which can be used to very clearly identify the different stages in the curing process. For comparison, a fibre …
Harmonic Power Compensation Capacity Of Shunt Apf And Its Relationship To Design Parameters, Shafiuzzaman Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon
Harmonic Power Compensation Capacity Of Shunt Apf And Its Relationship To Design Parameters, Shafiuzzaman Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon
Articles
VSI-based three-phase; power exchange mechanism; switching dynamics; three-phase systems; active losses; single-phase systems; power tetrahedron phasor diagram; shunt active power filter; harmonic power compensation capacity; four-wire systems; hysteresis band current control
Cmos-Compatible 2-Bit Optical Spectral Quantization Scheme Using A Silicon-Nanocrystal-Based Horizontal Slot Waveguide, Zhe Khang, Jinhui Yuan, Gerald Farrell, Chongxiu Yu, Feng Li, Hwa Yaw Tam, P. K.A. Wai
Cmos-Compatible 2-Bit Optical Spectral Quantization Scheme Using A Silicon-Nanocrystal-Based Horizontal Slot Waveguide, Zhe Khang, Jinhui Yuan, Gerald Farrell, Chongxiu Yu, Feng Li, Hwa Yaw Tam, P. K.A. Wai
Articles
All-optical analog-to-digital converters based on the third-order nonlinear effects in silicon waveguide are a promising candidate to overcome the limitation of electronic devices and are suitable for photonic integration. In this paper, a 2-bit optical spectral quantization scheme for on-chip all-optical analog-to-digital conversion is proposed. The proposed scheme is realized by filtering the broadened and split spectrum induced by the self-phase modulation effect in a silicon horizontal slot waveguide filled with silicon-nanocrystal. Nonlinear coefficient as high as 8708 W21 /m is obtained because of the tight mode confinement of the horizontal slot waveguide and the high nonlinear refractive index of …
Omnidirectional Microstrip Patch Antenna With Reconfigurable Pattern And Polarisation, Max Ammann, Xiulong Bao, Adam Narbudowicz
Omnidirectional Microstrip Patch Antenna With Reconfigurable Pattern And Polarisation, Max Ammann, Xiulong Bao, Adam Narbudowicz
Articles
An omnidirectional microstrip patch antenna, capable of reconfiguring both polarisation and radiation pattern is proposed. It operates with two orthogonal ±45° slanted linear polarisations and can produce two dipole-like radiation patterns, providing 360° coverage in either the horizontal or elevation plane. With appropriate steering, this enables a single antenna to provide full spherical coverage for any polarisation. The reconfiguration is realised by phase shifting, thus does not require switching elements, such as MEMS or pin diodes embedded into antenna. The basic principles of operation are discussed and validated by numerical and measured data.
Experimental Study And Analysis Of A Polymer Fiber Bragg Grating Embedded In A Composite Material, Ginu Rajan, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Yuliya Semenova, Eliathamby Ambikairajah, Gerald Farrell, Gang-Ding Peng
Experimental Study And Analysis Of A Polymer Fiber Bragg Grating Embedded In A Composite Material, Ginu Rajan, Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Yuliya Semenova, Eliathamby Ambikairajah, Gerald Farrell, Gang-Ding Peng
Articles
The characteristics of polymer fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) embedded in composite materials are studied in this paper and are compared with characteristics of their silica counterparts. A polymer FBG of 10 mm length which exhibits a peak reflected wavelength circa 1530 nm is fabricated and characterized for this purpose. A silica FBG with a peak reflected wavelength circa 1553 nm is also embedded in the composite material for a comparison study. The fabricated composite material sample with embedded sensors is subjected to temperature and strain changes and the corresponding effects on the embedded polymer and silica FBGs are studied. The …
Photonic Crystal Fiber Half-Taper Probe Based Refractometer, Pengfei Wang, Ming Ding, Lin Bo, Chunying Guan, Yuliya Semenova, Weimin Sun, Libo Yuan, Gilberto Brambilla, Gerald Farrell
Photonic Crystal Fiber Half-Taper Probe Based Refractometer, Pengfei Wang, Ming Ding, Lin Bo, Chunying Guan, Yuliya Semenova, Weimin Sun, Libo Yuan, Gilberto Brambilla, Gerald Farrell
Articles
A compact singlemode - photonic crystal fibre - singlemode fibre tip (SPST) refractive index sensor is demonstrated in this paper. A CO2 laser cleaving technique is utilsed to provide a clean-cut fibre tip which is then coated by a layer of gold to increase reflection. An average sensitivity of 39.1 nm/RIU and a resolvable index change of 2.56×10-4 are obtained experimentally with a ~3.2 µm diameter SPST. The temperature dependence of this fiber optic sensor probe is presented. The proposed SPST refractometer is also significantly less sensitive to temperature and an experimental demonstration of this reduced sensitivity is …
Enhanced Broadband Parametric Wavelength Conversion In Silicon Waveguide With The Multi-Period Grating, Xianting Zhang, Jinhui Yuan, Jiaziu Zou, Boyuan Jin, Xinzhu Sang, Qiang Wu, Chongxiu Yu, Gerald Farrell
Enhanced Broadband Parametric Wavelength Conversion In Silicon Waveguide With The Multi-Period Grating, Xianting Zhang, Jinhui Yuan, Jiaziu Zou, Boyuan Jin, Xinzhu Sang, Qiang Wu, Chongxiu Yu, Gerald Farrell
Articles
No abstract provided.