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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
The Influence Of Different European Cements On The Transport And Early-Age Properties Of Concrete In The Cover-Zone, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer, S. Nanukuttan, Pam. Basheer, W. J. Carter, T. M. Chrisp, G. Starrs
The Influence Of Different European Cements On The Transport And Early-Age Properties Of Concrete In The Cover-Zone, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer, S. Nanukuttan, Pam. Basheer, W. J. Carter, T. M. Chrisp, G. Starrs
Conference papers
The use of in situ tests for performance based specification would require demonstration of their suitability to distinguish the quality of concrete. With the introduction of new European Standards for cements, this would mean concretes produced with these new cements should be classified for their quality using the performance tests. It is generally believed that transport properties of concrete are related to their durability and hence the measurement of these properties can form the basis of performance based specifications. This paper reports data indicating that transport properties measured at 28-days for concretes manufactured with different European cements and water-binder ratios …
A Review Of Zero Discharge Wastewater Treatment Systems Using Reed Willow Bed Combinations In Ireland, Sean O'Hogain, Liam Mccarton, Anna Reid, John Turner
A Review Of Zero Discharge Wastewater Treatment Systems Using Reed Willow Bed Combinations In Ireland, Sean O'Hogain, Liam Mccarton, Anna Reid, John Turner
Conference papers
The concept of a reed willow bed combination has the potential to achieve a zero discharge wastewater treatment system. This paper will present results from a two year study to monitor the performance of a reed willow bed facility at Lynches Lane, Co. Dublin, Ireland. Outline design specifications for the facility will be presented. Monitoring results for a two year period including influent and effluent parameters, rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, and soil classification will be presented and discussed. During the two year monitoring period the system achieved a zero discharge. This paper will discuss the potential widespread application of similar systems …
A Stochastic Hybrid Embodied Energy And Co2_Eq Intensity Analysis Of Building And Construction Processes In Ireland, Adolf Acquaye
A Stochastic Hybrid Embodied Energy And Co2_Eq Intensity Analysis Of Building And Construction Processes In Ireland, Adolf Acquaye
Doctoral
Given a general lack of research on Irish construction greenhouse gas emissions, a subsectoral embodied carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) analysis of this sector has been undertaken with the aim of overcoming some methodological challenges such as system boundary constraints, input-output aggregation, double counting of energy inputs and a general lack of data. Using this extended methodology, it is estimated that total embodied CO2-eq intensity of Irish construction in 2005 was 1,364gCO2-eq/€ with direct sub-sectoral embodied CO2-eq intensity averaging 56 gCO2-eq/€. Some 215gCO2-eq/€ is estimated to arise from domestic sources including 160gCO2-eq/€ from domestic indirect emissions. International arising emissions constituted 84% …
The Operation Of Hybrid Reed Bed And Willow Bed Combinations In Ireland - Zero Discharge And The Potential For No Monitoring Of Domestic Applications Of This Combination, Sean O'Hogain, Liam Mccarton
The Operation Of Hybrid Reed Bed And Willow Bed Combinations In Ireland - Zero Discharge And The Potential For No Monitoring Of Domestic Applications Of This Combination, Sean O'Hogain, Liam Mccarton
Conference papers
This paper will briefly trace the development of reed beds, the treatment mechanisms involved and the evolution of the more popular designs, with emphasis on the hybrid reed bed. It will also present a review of the concept of using willow beds to deal with waste water. It will examine the Danish guidelines. It will also review the application of willows to treat effluent from a hybrid reed bed system and the evolution of this system in Wales. The theory of willow bed treatment will also be discussed with particular emphasis on the factors that effect evapotranspiration. Two alternative designs …
Peat Improvement Under Vacuum Preloading:A Novel Approach For Bog Roads In Ireland, Juan Pablo Osorio, Eric R. Farrell, Brendan C. O'Kelly
Peat Improvement Under Vacuum Preloading:A Novel Approach For Bog Roads In Ireland, Juan Pablo Osorio, Eric R. Farrell, Brendan C. O'Kelly
Conference papers
This paper presents the preliminary findings of a TCD/NRA vacuum preloading field trial that is part of a research project into the construction options for improving rampart roads. Vacuum preloading is a construction method used to accelerate settlement and the increase shear strength by applying a vacuum pressure to the ground by means of prefabricated vertical drains, an impervious tight sheet and a vacuum pump. Consolidating the ground by applying a vacuum load has several advantages over other techniques, for example; no fill material is required; construction periods are generally shorter; and there is no need for chemical admixtures. This …
Methodology For Designing Structures To Withstand Extreme Environments: Performance Based Specifications, S. Nanukuttan, Niall Holmes, S. Srinivasan, L. Basheer, P.A.M. Basheer, L. Tang, J. Mccarter
Methodology For Designing Structures To Withstand Extreme Environments: Performance Based Specifications, S. Nanukuttan, Niall Holmes, S. Srinivasan, L. Basheer, P.A.M. Basheer, L. Tang, J. Mccarter
Conference papers
Existing guidelines in BS 8500 allow the selection of concrete mix based on variables such as compressive strength, maximum water to binder ratio, minimum cement content and minimum cover thickness. This approach does not guarantee the durability and expected performance of the concrete structure in a given environment. One alternative is to develop performance- based specifications that supplement the existing guidelines in BS 8500, by specifying the required performance of concrete in terms of measurable properties such as resistance to environmental penetrations. This paper demonstrates one of such methodology for developing performance-based specifications for concretes exposed to marine environments. Chloride …
Development Of A New Marine Exposure Site On The Atlantic North-West Coast Of Ireland, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer, S. Nanukuttan, S. Srinivasan, Pam Basheer, J. Mccarter, M. Chrisp
Development Of A New Marine Exposure Site On The Atlantic North-West Coast Of Ireland, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer, S. Nanukuttan, S. Srinivasan, Pam Basheer, J. Mccarter, M. Chrisp
Conference papers
This paper presents a new marine exposure site being developed on the North-west Atlantic coastline of Ireland in Co. Donegal by the Centre for Built Environment Research at Queen’s University Belfast. The site will initially contain a number of large precast concrete stems, each 1.5m high, 1.5m wide and 1m thick placed on concrete plinths poured in-situ. The concrete stems will be placed at three levels to achieve different exposure conditions outlined in EN 206, namely atmospheric (XS1), a splash or spray zone (XS3) and a tidal zone (XS3) where the stems will be submerged by the incoming tide twice …
A Life Cycle Cost Analysis Of Large-Scale Thermal Energy Storage Technologies For Buildings Using Combined Heat And Power, Kenneth Gaine, Aidan Duffy
A Life Cycle Cost Analysis Of Large-Scale Thermal Energy Storage Technologies For Buildings Using Combined Heat And Power, Kenneth Gaine, Aidan Duffy
Conference Papers
Buildings account for approximately 40% of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in developed economies, of which approximately 55% of building energy is used for heating and cooling. The reduction of building-related GHG emissions is a high international policy priority. For this reason and because there are many technical solutions for this, these polices should involve significant improvements in the uptake of small-scale energy efficient (EE) systems. However the widespread deployment of many technologies, must overcome a number of barriers, one of which is a temporal (diurnal or seasonal) mismatch between supply and demand. Costeffective thermal storage solutions have …
The Relevance Of Teaching Traditional Measurement Techniques To Undergraduate Quantity Surveying Students., Fiacra P. Mcdonnell
The Relevance Of Teaching Traditional Measurement Techniques To Undergraduate Quantity Surveying Students., Fiacra P. Mcdonnell
Articles
Measurement of quantities is a core skill which must be inherent in all graduates from Quantity Surveying courses. Many students find this subject difficult to grasp, and the learning experience can be problematic especially in the first semester of first year. This is not unique to measurement as in many cases first year students are in the process of adapting to a new stage in their life, along with attempting to master many new subjects (Cottrell, 2008). This is reinforced by Johnston (2010) who highlights the many challenges being experienced by first year students and observes that “ entering first …
Developments In Intelligent Monitoring Of Concrete Structures, T. M. Chrisp, G. Starrs, W. J. Mccarter, E. H. Owens, S. V. Nanukuttan, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer
Developments In Intelligent Monitoring Of Concrete Structures, T. M. Chrisp, G. Starrs, W. J. Mccarter, E. H. Owens, S. V. Nanukuttan, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer
Conference papers
Deterioration in concrete comprises an initiation period and a propagation period. The initiation period is characterised by changes that occur within the concrete in response to the exposure environment and continues until a stage is reached when damage begins to propagate. The propagation period begins at a point in time defined when a particular event occurs (e.g. loss of steel passivity due to chloride ingress) and continues until a specified limit state is reached. The initiation and propagation stages of a deterioration process result from a complex interaction of physical, chemical and electrochemical phenomena. Prediction of the field performance of …
An Investigation Into The Retrofitting Of Air Source Heat Pumps Into Fabric Improved, Detached, Oil Centrally Heated Dwellings In Rural Ireland, Ciara Ahern
Other resources
In Ireland the predominant house type is detached housing which constitutes 43 % of entire stock. 72% of the detached housing stock is rurally located and 68% is heated by fuel oil. 82% of houses in Ireland have a radiator heating system. Detached housing, due to larger size and high surface area to volume ratio, has a greater heat loss per m2 than all other house types of the same construction period. It follows that, if a heat pump can be successfully deployed in a house of this type it can be successfully deployed in almost all other house …
Input-Output Analysis Of Irish Construction Sector Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Adolf Acquaye, Aidan Duffy
Input-Output Analysis Of Irish Construction Sector Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Adolf Acquaye, Aidan Duffy
Articles
Ireland is committed to limiting its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 113% of 1990 levels over the period 2008-12 and to 84% of 2005 levels by 2020 under the Kyoto Agreement and the EU’s ’20 20’ by 2020 respectively. National policies have targeted many industry sectors but have failed to directly tackle GHG emissions associated with construction activity. This paper estimates energy and GHG emissions intensities of the Irish construction sector and subsectors and estimates its contribution to Irish national emissions. This information is used to identify and assess the impacts of policy measures which would result in a reduction …
Simulation Of Traffic Loading On Highway Bridges, Bernard Enright
Simulation Of Traffic Loading On Highway Bridges, Bernard Enright
Other resources
This work is based on weigh-in-motion measurements for approximately three million trucks obtained from sites in five European countries. Techniques have been developed, supported by photographic evidence, for filtering the measurements to identify and remove unreliable values, and for the classification of extremely heavy vehicles. The collected measurements have been used as the basis for building and calibrating a Monte Carlo simulation model for bridge loading. Two-lane traffic is simulated – either two lanes in the same direction or one lane in each direction. The model allows for vehicles that are both heavier and have more axles than in the …
Rebuilding After Disaster - Engineering Lessons From The 2004 Tsunami, Liam Mccarton
Rebuilding After Disaster - Engineering Lessons From The 2004 Tsunami, Liam Mccarton
Articles
On 26th December 2004 a magnitude 9 earthquake occurred off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The sudden and violent vertical displacement of the sea floor caused a disturbance to the overlying water column, which generated waves (tsunami) that propagated rapidly across the whole of the Indian Ocean. Typically, in open ocean waters, these waves have long wavelengths of the order of 200km and low trough to crest amplitudes. These properties allow them to conserve energy as they propagate over large distances. As the waves enter the shallower waters of coastal areas, their amplitude increases dramatically and their velocity …
Developing A Cloud Integrated Life Cycle Costing Analysis Model Through Bim, Alan Redmond, Alan V. Hore, Roger West
Developing A Cloud Integrated Life Cycle Costing Analysis Model Through Bim, Alan Redmond, Alan V. Hore, Roger West
Conference papers
Advancing interoperability between design team applications has been a major challenge for advocates of open standards. The buildingSmart alliance and Open Geospatial Consortium Inc in the U.S. have developed and implemented an Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner Operator, Phase 1 Testbed that streamlines communications between parties at the conceptual design phase to establish an early understanding of the tradeoffs between construction cost and energy efficiency. The results of this Testbed combined with an on-going collaborative R&D project ‘Inpro’ co-funded by the European Commission to identify business and legal issues of Building Information Modeling in construction were used as theoretical propositions underlying …
Development Of A Cloud Solution For Smes In The Irish Construction Industry, Alan V. Hore, Alan Redmond, Roger West
Development Of A Cloud Solution For Smes In The Irish Construction Industry, Alan V. Hore, Alan Redmond, Roger West
Conference papers
There is a strong emerging trend within the Information Communication Technology (ICT) sector for replacing traditional packaged desktop applications with Web based, outsourced products and services. The drive for this innovative solution is its contribution to enabling software to be developed, delivered and consumed in discrete chunks (known as services) liberating the users from traditional computing and providing services accessible across a range of devices and appliances. The objective of this paper is to report on the progress towards defining this Web based service, commonly known as ‘Cloud computing’, for Small to Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) in the Irish construction …
Apartment Living And The Multi-Unit Developments Bill 2009, Lorcan Sirr
Apartment Living And The Multi-Unit Developments Bill 2009, Lorcan Sirr
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Use Of Novel Non-Destructive Methods For Quality Control And Performance Evaluation Of Concrete Structures, Sree Nanukuttan, Niall Holmes, Sudarsan Srininvasan, Lulu Basheer, Muhammed Basheer, John Mccarter, Gerry Starrs
The Use Of Novel Non-Destructive Methods For Quality Control And Performance Evaluation Of Concrete Structures, Sree Nanukuttan, Niall Holmes, Sudarsan Srininvasan, Lulu Basheer, Muhammed Basheer, John Mccarter, Gerry Starrs
Conference papers
Concrete cover provides the first line of defense against the ingress of many deleterious substances into the concrete. Therefore, a measure of its transport properties is vital in assessing its long term performance in a given exposure condition. In new structures the rate of ingress of the deleterious substances could be monitored using array of electrical sensors that are embedded in the cover concrete. For structures that are currently in service, tests can be performed by removing cores from the structure (lab based tests) or by using tests that can be performed on the surface (in situ tests). Results relating …
Developments In Monitoring Techniques For Durability Assessment Of Cover-Zone Concrete, W.J. Mccarter, T. M. Chrisp, G. Starrs, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer, M. Basheer, S. V. Nanukuttan
Developments In Monitoring Techniques For Durability Assessment Of Cover-Zone Concrete, W.J. Mccarter, T. M. Chrisp, G. Starrs, Niall Holmes, L. Basheer, M. Basheer, S. V. Nanukuttan
Conference papers
This paper outlines developments in the use of an embedded multi-electrode sensor to study the response of the cover-zone (surface 50mm) to the changing ambient environment. The sensor enables the measurement of the spatial and temporal distribution of the electrical properties of concrete and temperature within the cover-zone thereby allowing an integrated assessment of cover-zone concrete performance. Both laboratory and field results are presented to highlight the information that can be obtained from embedded sensors. When exposed to the natural environment, the temperature dependence of the electrical response is highlighted and standardization protocols are developed to account for this effect. …
Estimating The Characteristic Vertical Response Of A Flexible Footbridge Due To Crowd Loading, Joe Keogh, Colin C. Caprani, Paul Archbold, Paul Fanning
Estimating The Characteristic Vertical Response Of A Flexible Footbridge Due To Crowd Loading, Joe Keogh, Colin C. Caprani, Paul Archbold, Paul Fanning
Conference papers
The issue of excessive vibration of footbridges due to pedestrian loading is now well documented. Bridge vibrations produced from a crowd of pedestrians have been estimated by modifying the effect caused by a single pedestrian by an enhancement factor to take crowd synchronization into account. In this paper this approach is extended to account for the fact that all pedestrians will not have the same pacing frequencies, and the effects of distributions of pacing frequency and other parameters on the enhancement factor are investigated. It is shown that this more faithful representation of pedestrian crowd walking behaviour gives reduced vibration …
A New Congested Traffic Load Model For Highway Bridges, Colin C. Caprani, Colm Carey, Bernard Enright
A New Congested Traffic Load Model For Highway Bridges, Colin C. Caprani, Colm Carey, Bernard Enright
Conference papers
Long span highway bridges are critical components of any nation’s infrastructure. Therefore accurate assessment of highway bridge loading is essential, and it is well known that congested traffic governs load effect for such bridges. Current congestion models use conservative assumptions about traffic and inter-vehicle gaps. This research investigates congested traffic flow through the use of traffic microsimulation which has the ability to reproduce complex traffic phenomena based on driver interactions. A time series model has been developed to produce a speed time-series similar to the results of the microsimulation. The speed time-series from the new model, combined with the established …
Management Strategies For Special Permit Vehicles For Bridge Loading, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien
Management Strategies For Special Permit Vehicles For Bridge Loading, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien
Conference papers
An examination of weigh-in-motion data collected recently at sites in five European countries has shown that vehicles with weights well in excess of the normal legal limits are found on a daily basis. These vehicles would be expected to have permits issued by the responsible authorities. It can be seen from the measurements that most of them are travelling at normal speeds. Photographic evidence indicates that, while many are accompanied by an escort vehicle, normal traffic is flowing alongside in other lanes. As European freight volume grows, the frequency of these special vehicles can be expected to increase. Hence, the …
Site Specific Modelling Of Traffic Loading On Highway Bridges, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien
Site Specific Modelling Of Traffic Loading On Highway Bridges, Bernard Enright, Eugene J. Obrien
Conference papers
Accurate traffic loading models based on measured weigh-in-motion (WIM) data are essential for the accurate assessment of existing bridges. Much work has been published on the Monte Carlo simulation of single lanes of heavy vehicle traffic, and this can easily be extended to model the loading on bridges with two streams of traffic in opposing directions. However, a typical highway bridge will have multiple lanes in the same direction, and various types of correlation are evident in measured traffic, such as groups of very heavy vehicles travelling together and heavy vehicles being overtaken by lighter ones. These traffic patterns affect …
The Influence Of Correlation On The Extreme Traffic Loading Of Bridges, Eugene J. Obrien, Bernard Enright, A. T. Dempsey
The Influence Of Correlation On The Extreme Traffic Loading Of Bridges, Eugene J. Obrien, Bernard Enright, A. T. Dempsey
Conference papers
Accurate traffic loading models based on measured data are essential for the accurate assessment of existing bridges. There are well-established methods for the Monte Carlo simulation of single lanes of traffic, and this can easily be extended to model the loading on bridges with two independent streams of traffic in opposing directions. However, a typical highway bridge will have multiple lanes in the same direction, and various types of correlation are evident in measured traffic. This paper analyses traffic patterns using multi-lane WIM data collected at two European sites. It describes an approach to the Monte Carlo simulation of this …
Social Enterprise: An Overlooked Approach To Promoting Sustainable Economic Regeneration, Gerard Doyle
Social Enterprise: An Overlooked Approach To Promoting Sustainable Economic Regeneration, Gerard Doyle
Reports
Across Europe, social enterprises are making a significant impact on communities, particularly those blighted by high levels of unemployment, poverty and disadvantage. According to the European Commission, they represent 2 million enterprises (i.e. 10 per cent of all European businesses) and employ over 11 million paid employees (the equivalent of 6 per cent of the working population of the EU). Social enterprises are present in almost every sector of the economy, such as banking, insurance, agriculture, craft, various commercial services, and health and social services. The benefits of social enterprises are many, but in economic terms, they can support the …