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Articles 1 - 30 of 46
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Utilizing Simulated Vehicle Trajectory Data From Connected Vehicles To Characterize Performance Measures On An Arterial After An Impactful Incident, Norris Kamugisha Novat Baraba
Utilizing Simulated Vehicle Trajectory Data From Connected Vehicles To Characterize Performance Measures On An Arterial After An Impactful Incident, Norris Kamugisha Novat Baraba
ETD Archive
Traffic incidents are unforeseen events known to affect traffic flow because they reduce the capacity of an arterial corridor segment and normally generate a temporary bottleneck. Identification of retiming requirements to enhance traffic signal operations when an incident occurs depends on operations-oriented traffic signal performance measurements. When effective and real-time traffic signal performance metrics are employed at traffic control centers, delays, fuel use, and air pollution may all be decreased. The majority of currently available traffic signal performance evaluations are based on high-resolution traffic signal controller event data, which gives data on an intersection-by-intersection basis but requires a substantial upfront …
An Improved Polynomial Chaos Expansion Based Response Surface Method And Its Applications On Frame And Spring Engineering Based Structures, Mhd A. Hafez
ETD Archive
In engineering fields, computational models provide a tool that can simulate a real world response and enhance our understanding of physical phenomenas. However, such models are often computationally expensive with multiple sources of uncertainty related to the model’s input/assumptions. For example, the literature indicates that ligament’s material properties and its insertion site locations have a significant effect on the performance of knee joint models, which makes addressing uncertainty related to them a crucial step to make the computational model more representative of reality. However, previous sensitivity studies were limited due to the computational expense of the models. The high computational …
Development, Characterization, And Modeling Of Physical, Mechanical, And Durability Properties Of Sustainable Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Tawsif M. Hasan
Development, Characterization, And Modeling Of Physical, Mechanical, And Durability Properties Of Sustainable Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Tawsif M. Hasan
ETD Archive
Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is an advanced concrete material with superior mechanical strength, high tensile ductility, and exceptional durability, including negligible permeability. Despite these excellent material properties, the use of UHPC in structural applications is limited because of the high cost of commercially available UHPC products. Therefore, developing non-proprietary UHPC mixtures using local materials is a viable way to reduce the initial cost of UHPC. In this research, sustainable and cost-effective UHPC mixtures were developed using locally sourced materials so that UHPC may be more affordable to a wider variety of applications. Specifically, locally available Type I-II cement, local sand …
Congestion Mitigation Strategy: Modeling The Effect Of Different Geometric Configurations Of A Two-Lane On-Ramp On Capacity Using Vissim, Rhizlane Brachmi
Congestion Mitigation Strategy: Modeling The Effect Of Different Geometric Configurations Of A Two-Lane On-Ramp On Capacity Using Vissim, Rhizlane Brachmi
ETD Archive
Freeway on-ramps are critical components of freeway systems since they control the entry of traffic to the mainline. According to the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), a two-lane on-ramp configuration will achieve less turbulence than a similar one-lane on-ramp but little guidance on the desired lengths of the acceleration lanes or their effect on the operation of the influence area is provided. An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of the lengths of the acceleration lanes of isolated, two-lane on-ramps on the operation of the ramp influence area. The Highway Capacity Software (HCS) was used to calculate the density of …
Color Removal From Combined Dye And Fruit Nectar Wastewater Using Adsorption And Microfiltration, Oluwatobiloba A. Akinwande
Color Removal From Combined Dye And Fruit Nectar Wastewater Using Adsorption And Microfiltration, Oluwatobiloba A. Akinwande
ETD Archive
Pollution of the waterways is a great challenge of the 21st century. Textile effluents contain compounds which have the capacity to cause more harm when ingested. There are many dye removal technologies like coagulation, photo oxidation which help to remove color from dye wastewater. The use of adsorption to remove color from dye wastewater has been used for many centuries. Activated carbon can efficiently remove color from dye wastewater but it is very expensive and so different researches have been conducted to get the adsorption capacity of different forms of adsorbents. These adsorbents can be gotten from agricultural waste, biomass, …
Color Removal And Treatment Of Dye And Sugar Waste Water Using Low Cost Adsorbents, Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju
Color Removal And Treatment Of Dye And Sugar Waste Water Using Low Cost Adsorbents, Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju
ETD Archive
This study was undertaken to determine the treatment of wastewater from dye and sugar industry for removal of color. This specific treatment consists of adsorption using low cost adsorbents and micro filtration using whatman-41 micro filters. Considerations of this treatment process is to take the samples using batch adsorption and avoid coagulation with further dilution. Numerous runs were made with the ideal waste samples prepared in the laboratory. As a first step in the study different dyes were considered using different concentrations of sugar wastewater. Samples were treated with three different low-cost adsorbents. These treated samples using low cost adsorbents …
Designing Novel Grooved Pallets For Industrial Application, Mirza Mohammed Abdullah Baig
Designing Novel Grooved Pallets For Industrial Application, Mirza Mohammed Abdullah Baig
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study was to model an improved pallet design which could overcome the drawbacks and failures of the pallets available in the market today. The new modeled pallets were designed to improve the capacity of the individual pallets and thereby increase the efficiency of the material handling process. The new modeled pallets were also designed with the aim to replace the racking system used for storage in the warehouse industry. The study was performed using two finite element analysis software, SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS, as analysis tools to study the behavior of the design under various real world …
Color Removal Of Dye And Milk Wastewater Using Peanut Hull By The Process Of Adsorption, Venkatesh Kummarakuntla
Color Removal Of Dye And Milk Wastewater Using Peanut Hull By The Process Of Adsorption, Venkatesh Kummarakuntla
ETD Archive
Dairy industry is one of the major industries from which organic wastewater is produced and released into the water bodies. Textile industries also generate considerable amount of dye wastewater that effect the water quality standards. Various treatment techniques are adopted to treat the wastewater. Adsorption is one of the low-cost treatment processes to treat the textile and milk wastewater. This thesis focuses on the treatment of combined dye and milk wastewater using the process of adsorption. The treatment process is carried out by using three different types of low cost adsorbents Peanut-hull, Banana peel and Activated carbon. The effectiveness of …
Treatment Of Dye Wastewater Using Dehydrated Peanut Hull, Nikitha Shamirpet
Treatment Of Dye Wastewater Using Dehydrated Peanut Hull, Nikitha Shamirpet
ETD Archive
The release of dye waste water into environment causes harm to aquatic life when they reach drains or other water sources. They pollute the soil and causes change in cycles of plant and animal life through bio-accumulation and nutrient cycle. Dyes which form residue or precipitate causes mutations or changes in the DNA of living organisms in and around the area of release of the dye into atmosphere. In this thesis, several runs were attempted to treat the synthetically prepared dye waste water using dehydrated peanut hull. The initial dye waste water samples were all collected and checked for absorbance, …
Factors Affecting Minimum Dissolved Oxygen Concentration In Streams, Chistopher Robert Huhnke
Factors Affecting Minimum Dissolved Oxygen Concentration In Streams, Chistopher Robert Huhnke
ETD Archive
Modeling water quality has been shown to be a useful tool in strategizing water quality management. Dissolved oxygen (DO) has one of the largest impacts on water quality compared to other parameters. The purpose of the dissertation research is to generate a regression equation model, using the US EPA QUAL2K model as the base, to determine different factors affecting minimum dissolved oxygen concentrations in streams, to determine the critical distance for the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, and the magnitude of impact of each parameter. Based on regression analysis, the factors affecting minimum DO in river water are effluent biochemical oxygen …
Adsorption And Microfiltration Processes To Treat Dye And Coffee Wastewater., Abhiram Siva Prasad Pamula
Adsorption And Microfiltration Processes To Treat Dye And Coffee Wastewater., Abhiram Siva Prasad Pamula
ETD Archive
Wastewater from coffee processing industry creates high biological and chemical oxygen demand in the surface water. In addition to coffee wastewater from coffee industry, dyes from textile industry enter surface water affecting water quality in terms of transmissivity of light. Adsorption is an economical wastewater treatment process to remove color from dye and coffee wastewater. In the current thesis, adsorption using low-cost adsorbents like peanut hull and onion peel are used to treat combined dye and coffee wastewater. Three representative dyes including acid black 48, disperse yellow 3, crystal violet certified with processed coffee is used in preparing batch adsorption …
Forecasting Harmful Algal Blooms For Western Lake Erie Using Data Driven Machine Learning Techniques, Nicholas L. Reinoso
Forecasting Harmful Algal Blooms For Western Lake Erie Using Data Driven Machine Learning Techniques, Nicholas L. Reinoso
ETD Archive
Harmful algal blooms (HAB) have been documented for more than a century occurring all over the world. The western Lake Erie has suffered from Cyanobacteria blooms for many decades. There are currently two widely available HAB forecasting models for Lake Erie. The first forecasting model gives yearly peak bloom forecast while the second provides weekly short-term forecasting and offers size as well as location. This study focuses on bridging the gap of these two models and improve HAB forecast accuracy in western Lake Erie by letting historical observations tell the behavior of HABs. This study tests two machine learning techniques, …
Modeling The Effect Of Green Infrastructure On Direct Runoff Reduction In Residential Areas, Seema Bardhipur
Modeling The Effect Of Green Infrastructure On Direct Runoff Reduction In Residential Areas, Seema Bardhipur
ETD Archive
Urbanization causes a serious impact on storm water systems by expansion of impervious surfaces. Low Impact Development (LID) is a technique growing in popularity to solve the issue of storm water management. However, to evaluate the benefits of LIDs is a difficult task due to realistic parametrization of LIDs and subcatchments for modeling. The goals of this study are: a) to provide a practical guideline to parameterize and simulate LIDs (bio-retention and rain barrels) in residential areas; and b) to evaluate the resulting effect on the current drainage system under various design storms. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Storm Water Management …
Harmful Algae Bloom Prediction Model For Western Lake Erie Using Stepwise Multiple Regression And Genetic Programming, Amin Daghighi
Harmful Algae Bloom Prediction Model For Western Lake Erie Using Stepwise Multiple Regression And Genetic Programming, Amin Daghighi
ETD Archive
The Great Lakes are most important freshwater bodies providing water resources and other various related businesses to the northeastern part of North America. However, harmful algal blooms (HABs) are more often and severe in those lakes than before and thus threatening lake environments and economies. Researchers have studied the factors influencing HABs characteristics using different scientific methods. In this study, all possible predictors and predictand variables were collected from various data source and then eight final predictors and one predictand were selected based on correlation between predictors and predictand variables. This study tests two machine learning techniques, Stepwise Multiple Regression …
Electrochemical And Electroflotation Processes For Milk Waste Water Treatment, Alahmand Suleiman Mohammed
Electrochemical And Electroflotation Processes For Milk Waste Water Treatment, Alahmand Suleiman Mohammed
ETD Archive
The dairy industry generates abundant milk waste waters characterized by high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations that can be very harmful to the environment, if left untreated. Electrocoagulation (EC) has been in use for waste water treatment. The treatment application uses aluminum electrodes and iron or the combined hybrid Al/Fe electrodes. Milk waste water contains high concentration organic pollutants and the main constituents of those organics are carbohydrates, proteins and fats, originating from the milk. The process of separating the flocculated sludge from waste water that has been treated using the electrocoagulation process can be …
Field Observation Of Installation And Performance Of Repair Materials, Larisa Diana Susinskas
Field Observation Of Installation And Performance Of Repair Materials, Larisa Diana Susinskas
ETD Archive
The state of Ohio is in a region that commonly experiences drastic changes in weather. States with similar climates are susceptible to pavement cracking and failures due to the frequent or extreme freeze-thaw cycles. Freeze-thaw cycles, paired with de-icing chemicals that are frequently placed on roadways during the winter months will most likely lead to pavement cracks and failure. Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) routinely repairs and replaces sections of concrete roadways and bridge decks. Therefore, ODOT is seeking durable, cost-effective materials to repair smaller pavement failures.
The purpose of this study is to determine which high performance repair materials …
Specification Recommendation For Use Of High Performance Repair Material, Jennifer Woods
Specification Recommendation For Use Of High Performance Repair Material, Jennifer Woods
ETD Archive
The State of Ohio and the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) have sought out ways to extend the life of the repair materials used by their construction crews, specifically, using high performance repair materials for the purposes of patching worn down or cracked sections of highways and bridge decks. Ohio is known for its frequent changes in weather, with freeze-thaw cycles occurring multiple times throughout the year. These cycles affect the lifespan of the repair material and create more maintenance for the DOT. Products that combat this problem were chosen, installed and examined over a year period to determine which …
The Behavior Of Simply Supported Plates Under Extreme Shear Loading, Mhd Ammar Hafez
The Behavior Of Simply Supported Plates Under Extreme Shear Loading, Mhd Ammar Hafez
ETD Archive
Steel plates are planar structural elements with one dimension significantly smaller than the others. These elements may fail due to either material yielding or buckling. Buckling is a sudden failure mode, which is not desirable in structural engineering applications. Buckling is called an “elastic buckling” when it happens before material yielding, and is termed as “plastic buckling” if it happens after material yielding. The focus of this thesis is on shear plates, which are plates that are primarily subjected to shear loads. Several studies were conducted to increase the elastic buckling capacity of plates by adding stiffeners to plates. However, …
Laboratory Testing Of High Performance Repair Materials For Pavements And Bridge Decks, Kamran Amini
Laboratory Testing Of High Performance Repair Materials For Pavements And Bridge Decks, Kamran Amini
ETD Archive
Because of numerous freezing and thawing cycles happening during the year in the state of Ohio, pavement partial-depth patching has become a common maintenance activity in this state. The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) has a need for durable, more permanent high performing pavement and bridge deck materials that allow for a faster repair and for user safety. However, new or proprietary products are difficult to specify unless incorporated into a construction project for research purposes or procurement of the product complies with the ODOT's direct purchasing requirements.This research project was conducted in three main phases, literature review and selecting …
Comparison Of Criteria Used By State Transportation Agencies To Evaluate Proposed Lane Closures In Planned Work Zones, Sudheer Penimicha
Comparison Of Criteria Used By State Transportation Agencies To Evaluate Proposed Lane Closures In Planned Work Zones, Sudheer Penimicha
ETD Archive
The purpose of this thesis was to compare the specific performance measures used by various state transportation agencies across the United States to evaluate the impact of proposed lane closures on the interstate system and decide whether the impact is acceptable or not, and thus whether or not to approve the proposed lane closure. Information about the policies, processes, and procedures for approving lane closures was obtained through a combination of searching the webpages of individual state departments of transportation, downloading pertinent materials, emailing requests for information, and contacting agency personnel by telephone. The collected documents and notes taken during …
Skill Retention For Driving Simulation Experiments, Nikhil Ravindra Sarwate
Skill Retention For Driving Simulation Experiments, Nikhil Ravindra Sarwate
ETD Archive
Whether driving a car in the real world or a simulator vehicle in a computer generated world, the procedural aspects of driving are very similar. The steering wheel is used to control the direction of the vehicle while the accelerator and brake pedals are used to control the speed. This similarity means that people who already possess the skill of driving in the real world are expected to transfer those existing skills to drive a simulator vehicle. Recognizing the need for skill transference, the typical protocol for conducting driving simulation experiments includes a practice drive, which affords participants the opportunity …
A Probabilistic Based Failure Model For Components Fabricated From Anisotropic Graphite, Chengfeng Xiao
A Probabilistic Based Failure Model For Components Fabricated From Anisotropic Graphite, Chengfeng Xiao
ETD Archive
The nuclear moderator for high temperature nuclear reactors are fabricated from graphite. During reactor operations graphite components are subjected to complex stress states arising from structural loads, thermal gradients, neutron irradiation damage, and seismic events. Graphite is a quasi-brittle material. Two aspects of nuclear gradegraphite, i.e., material anisotropy and different behavior in tension and compression, are explicitly accounted for in this effort. Fracture mechanic methods are useful for metal alloys, but they are problematic for anisotropic materials with a microstructure that makes it difficult to identify a "critical" flaw. In fact cracking in a graphite core component does not necessarily …
Installation And Field Testing Of High Performance Repair Materials For Pavements And Bridge Decks, Andrew Lesak
Installation And Field Testing Of High Performance Repair Materials For Pavements And Bridge Decks, Andrew Lesak
ETD Archive
Pavement patching is a common maintenance activity in the state of Ohio, due to numerous freeze-thaw cycles. The Ohio Transportation (ODOT) has a need for durable, more permanent high performing pavement and bridge deck materials that allow for a faster repair and for user safety. New or proprietary products were chosen, installed, and monitored in order to specify for use in future ODOT construction, based on the field performance of the products. The objective of this study was to document the investigation, installation, and field testing of the previously chosen high performance patching materials. The investigation determined the proper field …
Implementation And Field Testing Of Improved Bridge Parapet Designs, Amy E. Kalabon
Implementation And Field Testing Of Improved Bridge Parapet Designs, Amy E. Kalabon
ETD Archive
Premature cracking of concrete bridge parapets is a potentially complex problem, with a number of possible causes. Identifying the cause of premature cracking, and avoiding this problem in the future has several benefits, including: a potential cost savings for the district, improving the safety of these structures in future construction, and increasing the overall understanding of parapets. The objective of this study was to analyze the reasons for uncontrolled cracking in order to establish an improved parapet design, and provide recommendations to the Ohio Transportation (ODOT) to prevent such cracking in the future. Previous research carried out a forensic investigation …
Selection Of High Performance Repair Materials For Pavements And Bridge Decks, Alice E. Sommerville
Selection Of High Performance Repair Materials For Pavements And Bridge Decks, Alice E. Sommerville
ETD Archive
The Ohio Transportation has identified the need to specify durable, more permanent high performing pavement and bridge deck patching materials. These materials need to allow for expedited pavement and bridge deck wearing surface repair for worker and user safety. Currently, either temporary or generally specified in-kind or like materials are being used to perform pavement patching. Usually, the Department provides generically specified cementitious or cold mix asphalt materials for patching wearing surfaces with varied performance characteristics. Current products used for these repairs are generally those that have been used for many decades for which competition exists. However, new or proprietary …
Color Removal From Dye And Sugar Wastewater Using Coagulation And Microfiltration Processes, Saketh Thanneeru
Color Removal From Dye And Sugar Wastewater Using Coagulation And Microfiltration Processes, Saketh Thanneeru
ETD Archive
The water is widely used in process industries, but its use is not always made in a rational way. Due to the growing demand for water by the people and industries, it is necessary to consider the new problem of water supply. Water contamination by organic and inorganic compounds is of great public concern. The textile and sugar industry are the major producers of the wastewater with a varying parameters. Even though there are new technologies for color removal till this date coagulation is seen as the most economical alternative to all technologies present now. In this thesis we study …
Land Use And Transportation Modeling, Gerayeli Alireza
Land Use And Transportation Modeling, Gerayeli Alireza
ETD Archive
Across the United States, the need and value of coordinated land use and transportation planning have become a highly debated topic. There are those who believe that the coordination of land use and transportation is best served in the development of compact communities with alternate modes of travel. This approach is thought to preserve natural resources and result in a reduction in the number and length of vehicle trips. Others believe that such compact developments will lead to highly congested transportation systems. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has acknowledged the need and value of coordinating land use and transportation planning, …
Developing Improved Bridge Parapet Designs, Lauren A. Hedges
Developing Improved Bridge Parapet Designs, Lauren A. Hedges
ETD Archive
The Ohio Department of Transportation has identified that premature parapet cracking is a significant problem in Northeast Ohio. Background research related to concrete cracking and parapet cracking was conducted to determine possible causes of the premature cracking that ODOT has discovered. To further look at possible causes of this cracking, current ODOT bridge parapet practices were reviewed. In addition to ODOT practices, ten other state DOTs were surveyed to identify the bridge parapet practices used. These practices include the parapet design characteristics, construction joint spacing and depth, and the class of concrete used for construction. Various differences among all of …
Electrochemical/Electroflotation Process For Dye Wastewater Treatment, Erick Benjamin Butler
Electrochemical/Electroflotation Process For Dye Wastewater Treatment, Erick Benjamin Butler
ETD Archive
The use of dyes has become very significant across various industries such as textiles, paper, and clothing. The organic chemical composition of dyes is a major concern when discharging wastewater not only into the environment, but also within wastewater treatment plants. Dye effluent consists of high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and also color, components that require treatment before discharge. As a result, federal legislation has required industries that discharge high components in wastewater to undergo treatment within the plants. Within literature, authors have considered various biological, physical, and chemical methods of treating dye wastewater. Recently, electrocoagulation/electroflotation (ECF) has been an …
Material Specific Load Combination Factors For Option 2 Fad Curves, Matt Saxon Schaser
Material Specific Load Combination Factors For Option 2 Fad Curves, Matt Saxon Schaser
ETD Archive
No abstract provided.