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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Energy Efficiency In Cold-Weather High-End Custom Homes, Joseph R. Kearl
Energy Efficiency In Cold-Weather High-End Custom Homes, Joseph R. Kearl
Theses and Dissertations
Nationally, there is increasing interest in energy efficient homes due to growing energy costs and increased awareness. However, many builders haven't yet incorporated energy saving products and practices into homes. Many builders don't have the resources to evaluate available options and prefer to rely on the experiences of other builders. The purpose of this study was to create energy efficiency benchmarks for cold-weather, high-end custom homes and evaluate current building practices. A list of energy-efficient products and practices was created through a review of relevant literature. A group of expert builders was formed into a committee to help determine energy …
Sensitivity Of Half-Cell Potential Measurements To Properties Of Concrete Bridge Decks, Thad Marshall Pinkerton
Sensitivity Of Half-Cell Potential Measurements To Properties Of Concrete Bridge Decks, Thad Marshall Pinkerton
Theses and Dissertations
Half-cell potential testing has been recommended as a non-destructive method for assessing the corrosion potential of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. The technique is particularly useful because it can be utilized to evaluate the probability of corrosion before damage is evident at the surface of a bridge deck. The specific objective of this research was to quantify the effects of age, chloride concentration, concrete cover thickness, spatial position, temperature, and presence or condition of epoxy coating on half-cell potential measurements of concrete bridge decks typical of those in Utah. The laboratory testing associated with this research followed a full-factorial …
Dry Stacked Surface Bonded Masonry - Structural Testing And Evaluation, Eric B. Murray
Dry Stacked Surface Bonded Masonry - Structural Testing And Evaluation, Eric B. Murray
Theses and Dissertations
The ENDURA block system is a dry-stack surface-bonded masonry system. Typical masonry construction uses thin-set mortar in the bed joints to provide a bearing surface for the blocks while the ENDURA system typically relies on shims and a surface bonding coat to ensure that the wall is level and plumb and to provide stability. Typical ENDURA block walls are built with the reinforcement placed eccentrically in the walls. Testing was performed on ten walls in order to determine axial capacity. The walls were ten feet high by eight feet wide. Each of the walls was built using a different configuration …
Mexico Engineering Study Abroad: Assessing The Effectiveness Of International Experiences On Teaching Global Engineering Skills, Joshua Benjamin Draper
Mexico Engineering Study Abroad: Assessing The Effectiveness Of International Experiences On Teaching Global Engineering Skills, Joshua Benjamin Draper
Theses and Dissertations
Globalization is a rapidly increasing trend in many industries, including civil engineering. This paper defines the skills engineers will need in an increasingly international industry. It also describes an engineering study abroad program designed to teach some of those skills to students and presents a survey used as an assessment tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The program, called Mexico Engineering Study Abroad (MESA), is taught at Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, UT. MESA is a project-based extended field trip format class that couples hydrologic modeling with cultural awareness as students work together with Mexican students on …
Shear Modulus Degradation Of Liquefying Sand: Quantification And Modeling, Peter A. Olsen
Shear Modulus Degradation Of Liquefying Sand: Quantification And Modeling, Peter A. Olsen
Theses and Dissertations
A major concern for geotechnical engineers is the ability to predict how a soil will react to large ground motions produced by earthquakes. Of all the different types of soil, liquefiable soils present some of the greatest challenges. The ability to quantify the degradation of a soil's shear modulus as it undergoes liquefaction would help engineers design more reliably and economically. This thesis uses ground motions recorded by an array of downhole accelerometers on Port Island, Japan, during the 1995 Kobe Earthquake, to quantify the shear modulus of sand as it liquefies. It has been shown that the shear modulus …
Effect Of Beam Splicing On Seismic Response Of Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames, Gary S. Prinz
Effect Of Beam Splicing On Seismic Response Of Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames, Gary S. Prinz
Theses and Dissertations
The deformation capacity of typical buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs) is limited by the rotation capacity of connecting regions. The rotation capacity of the connection region is limited by fracture of the gusset welds and yielding in the beams and columns. A different connection detail with beam-splices outside the gusset has been shown to increase connection rotation capacity when compared to typical connections, in a few component tests. This study expands upon the performed component tests, by analyzing the beam splice connection at the system level under directional dynamic loads. Finite element analysis and dynamic loads are used to analyze two …
Computer-Based Instruction For Engineering Education In The Developing World, Bradford G. Singley
Computer-Based Instruction For Engineering Education In The Developing World, Bradford G. Singley
Theses and Dissertations
Although civil engineers continually develop new ways to solve problems involving water, energy, infrastructure and environmental sustainability, these innovations can take years – or even decades – to reach developing countries. Computer-based instruction has the potential to dramatically decrease this lag time by improving engineering education in the developing world. This paper discusses the development of instructional simulations, based on the theory of model-centered instruction. These simulations can serve as self-paced learning modules, which can be accessed for free over the Internet. A pilot learning module was developed for the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on the …
Lateral Resistance Of Piles At The Crest Of Slopes In Sand, Artak Davit Mirzoyan
Lateral Resistance Of Piles At The Crest Of Slopes In Sand, Artak Davit Mirzoyan
Theses and Dissertations
Pile foundations near the crest of a slope are often required to resist lateral loads. This is particularly important for piles at the abutments of bridges. However, limited full-scale test data are available to indicate how the lateral resistance of a pile would be affected when it is located near the crest of a slope. To investigate the effect of a slope on lateral pile resistance, three full scale lateral load tests were conducted on an instrumented steel pipe pile. For the first test, the pile was laterally loaded in horizontal ground. For the second test the pile was at …
A Comparison Of Optimized Nonlinear Time History Analysis And The Equivalent Lateral Forces Method For Brace Design, Lukas Balling
A Comparison Of Optimized Nonlinear Time History Analysis And The Equivalent Lateral Forces Method For Brace Design, Lukas Balling
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents the development of a design procedure for buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBF's). This procedure uses nonlinear time history analysis and a formal optimization algorithm. The time history analysis includes an elasto-plastic model for the braces. The optimization algorithm is a genetic algorithm. This procedure is referred to throughout the thesis as the "Nonlinear Time History Analysis Procedure with Optimization" (NTHO). Current design specifications for BRBF's are based on inelastic design spectra and approximate formulas for the determination of natural period. These spectra are used to obtain seismic base shear, and the distribution of equivalent lateral forces. Yielding and …
Buckling-Restrained Braced Frame Connection Design And Testing, Bradly B. Coy
Buckling-Restrained Braced Frame Connection Design And Testing, Bradly B. Coy
Theses and Dissertations
As typically designed, the beam-column-brace connections of buckling-restrained braced steel frames have undesirable failure modes that compromise the integrity and performance of the frames and are costly to repair. To decrease the time and resources needed to repair the frames following an earthquake, a new connection design was developed that attempts to confine yielding to replaceable frame components. The design incorporates a gap in the beam beyond the edge of the beam-gusset weld that acts as a hinge and reduces moment forces transferred to the connection; it is bridged by splice plates that are bolted to the beam top flanges. …
Loading Rate Effects On Axial Pile Capacity In Clays, Michael Paul Garner
Loading Rate Effects On Axial Pile Capacity In Clays, Michael Paul Garner
Theses and Dissertations
In order to design more efficient and reliable structures, axial load tests are performed on foundation piles. Traditionally, static tests with an average duration of approximately twenty-four hours have been performed on test piles to obtain their axial capacity. These static tests require multiple piles used as anchors in addition to the test pile. Static tests are both expensive and time consuming. An alternative to static testing is dynamic testing which requires sophisticated interpretation, can damage the pile and may not produce accurate results. There is a relatively new testing method called the Statnamic Testing Method which tests foundation piles …
Soft Surface Roll Mechanics Parameters For Light Vehicle Rollover Accident Reconstruction, Kevin Claude Henry
Soft Surface Roll Mechanics Parameters For Light Vehicle Rollover Accident Reconstruction, Kevin Claude Henry
Theses and Dissertations
Light vehicle rollover accidents on soft surfaces can be modeled assuming constant drag with linear motion equations and other engineering principles. The concept of using segment average results to evaluate roll mechanics parameters throughout a roll sequence, and specifically, segment duration to evaluate vehicle trajectory between ground impacts is developed. The trajectory model is presented, explained and compared to values obtained by analyzing digital video of rollover crash tests. Detailed film analysis procedures are developed to obtain data from rollover crash tests that are not otherwise documented. Elevation of the center of gravity of vehicles is obtained where instrumentation does …
Dynamic Testing Of A Full-Scale Pile Cap With Dense Silty Sand Backfill, Todd J. Valentine
Dynamic Testing Of A Full-Scale Pile Cap With Dense Silty Sand Backfill, Todd J. Valentine
Theses and Dissertations
Full-scale dynamic lateral load tests were performed on a pile cap with a dense silty sand backfill condition. Two hydraulic load actuators connected a test pile cap with a reaction cap. The load actuators incrementally loaded the test cap up to 50 mm of displacement. After each load increment, the displacement was held constant while an eccentric mass shaker induced dynamic loads under a ramping sequence from 1 Hz to 10 Hz. A baseline response was developed under a no backfill condition. Passive soil pressure was measured using pressure cells and tactile sensors. It was concluded that the presence of …
Laterally Loaded Pile Cap Connections, Tony Eugene Stenlund
Laterally Loaded Pile Cap Connections, Tony Eugene Stenlund
Theses and Dissertations
There is presently considerable uncertainty regarding appropriate connection details between driven piles and pile caps. Prior research on the subject suggests that given a proper embedment length, a specialized reinforced connection may not be necessary. Eliminating these costly connection details could save thousands of dollars on both labor and materials. This research study focuses on the importance of the pile-to-cap connection detail with respect to the reinforcement connection and pile embedment length. Four pile caps were constructed, each with two 40 foot-long steel pipe piles, and were tested with different connection details. Two caps included a reinforced connection detail while …
A Selective Approach To Hexahedral Refinement Of Unstructured Conformal Meshes, Michael Hubbard Parrish
A Selective Approach To Hexahedral Refinement Of Unstructured Conformal Meshes, Michael Hubbard Parrish
Theses and Dissertations
Hexahedral refinement increases the density of an all-hexahedral mesh in a specified region, improving numerical accuracy. Previous research using solely sheet refinement theory made the implementation computationally expensive and unable to effectively handle multiply-connected transition elements and self-intersecting hexahedral sheets. The Selective Approach method is a new procedure that combines two diverse methodologies to create an efficient and robust algorithm able to handle the above stated problems. These two refinement methods are: 1) element by element refinement and 2) directional refinement. In element by element refinement, the three inherent directions of a hexahedron are refined in one step using one …
A Safety Analysis Of Fatigue And Drowsy Driving In The State Of Utah, Hunter T. Young
A Safety Analysis Of Fatigue And Drowsy Driving In The State Of Utah, Hunter T. Young
Theses and Dissertations
Fatigue and drowsy driving in the state of Utah has been a causal factor in thousands of crashes over the years and poses a serious threat to public safety. Consequently, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the impact of drowsy driving in the state, to identify locations where fatigue and drowsy driving may be contributing factors to current crashes, and to identify methods to help mitigate these crashes. A 3-year drowsy driving crash rate spanning the years 2002 – 2004 was used to determine which segments of Utah highway are most prone to drowsy driving crashes. Drowsy driving …
Comparing The Feasibility Of Cutting Thin-Walled Sections From Five Commonly Used Metals Utilizing Wire Electric Discharge Machining, Richard C. Stephenson
Comparing The Feasibility Of Cutting Thin-Walled Sections From Five Commonly Used Metals Utilizing Wire Electric Discharge Machining, Richard C. Stephenson
Theses and Dissertations
Wire Electric Discharge Machining (wire-EDM) is a non-traditional machining process. Controlled electric sparks are successively used to vaporize part of a workpiece along a programmed path in order to machine a desired part. Because there is no tool that comes in direct contact with the workpiece, it is possible to machine thin, delicate parts. This thesis was designed to observe and analyze the differences in cutting capabilities for a conventional wire-EDM machine when cutting thin-walled sections from five commonly used metals utilizing a variation of roughing and finishing passes. The five metals that were used in this study are: Aluminum …
Friction Stir Welding Of High-Strength Automotive Steel, Eric Michael Olsen
Friction Stir Welding Of High-Strength Automotive Steel, Eric Michael Olsen
Theses and Dissertations
The following thesis is a study on the ability to create acceptable welds in thin-plate, ultra-high-strength steels (UHSS) by way of friction stir welding (FSW). Steels are welded together to create tailor-welded blanks (TWB) for use in the automotive industry. Dual Phase (DP) 590, 780, and 980 steel as well as Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP) 590 steel with thicknesses ranging from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm were welded using friction stir welding under a variety of processing conditions, including experiments with dissimilar thicknesses. Samples were tested under tensile loads for initial determination if an acceptable weld had been created. Acceptable welds …
Mechanisms Causing Ferric Staining In The Secondary Water System Of Brigham City, Utah, Robert Derring Wallace
Mechanisms Causing Ferric Staining In The Secondary Water System Of Brigham City, Utah, Robert Derring Wallace
Theses and Dissertations
Water from Mantua reservoir has, during some years, exhibited reddish-brown staining when used by Brigham City for irrigation. I propose that seasonal fluctuations in the reservoir chemistry create an environment conducive to dissolving iron from the iron-rich sediments, which subsequently precipitate during irrigation, resulting in a staining event. These conditions are produced by chemical and biological decomposition of organic matter, coupled with isolation of the hypolimnetic waters, which results in seasonal low concentrations of dissolved oxygen in these waters. Under these specific circumstances, anaerobic conditions develop creating a geochemical environment that causes iron and manganese reduction from Fe(III) to Fe(II) …
Dynamic Full-Scale Testing Of A Pile Cap With Loose Silty Sand Backfill, Immanuel Kaleoonalani Runnels
Dynamic Full-Scale Testing Of A Pile Cap With Loose Silty Sand Backfill, Immanuel Kaleoonalani Runnels
Theses and Dissertations
Pile caps are used in foundation design to aid multiple single piles to act as a pile group to resist lateral forces that may cause overturning moments. The pile cap and pile group resist these forces by pile-soil-pile interaction, base and side friction along the pile cap-backfill interface, and passive earth resistance. Passive earth resistance has been neglected in design due to a limited amount of full-scale testing. This research presents the results of a combination of hydraulic actuator and eccentric-mass shaker full-scale testing of a pile cap with loose silty sand backfill to quantify the contribution of the passive …
Evaluation Of Laboratory Durability Tests For Stabilized Aggregate Base Materials, Matthew B. Roper
Evaluation Of Laboratory Durability Tests For Stabilized Aggregate Base Materials, Matthew B. Roper
Theses and Dissertations
The Portland Cement Association commissioned a research project at Brigham Young University to compare selected laboratory durability tests available for assessing stabilized aggregate base materials. The laboratory research associated with this project involved two granular base materials, three stabilizers at three concentration levels each, and three durability tests in a full-factorial experimental design. The granular base materials consisted of an aggregate-reclaimed asphalt pavement blend obtained from Interstate 84 (I-84) and a crushed limestone obtained from U.S. Highway 91 (US-91), while the three stabilizer types included Class C fly ash, lime-fly ash, and Type I/II Portland cement. Specimens were tested for …
Investigation Of The Iron Oxidation Kinetics In Mantua Reservoir, Scott H. Lathen
Investigation Of The Iron Oxidation Kinetics In Mantua Reservoir, Scott H. Lathen
Theses and Dissertations
Irrigation of the municipal cemetery in Brigham City, Utah resulted in stained headstones in 2001 and 2002. The water used in the irrigation came from Mantua reservoir, a medium sized impoundment situated near the mouth of Box Elder Canyon. In order for Brigham City to establish a city wide secondary pressurized irrigation system using water from Mantua reservoir, the cause and the source of staining problem must be determined. Previous research (Wallace 2006) determined that the source of the staining was the reduction of iron found in Mantua Reservoir sediments that occurred when seasonal variations in the reservoir caused anaerobic …
Evaluation And Installation Guidelines For Advance Warning Signal Systems In Utah, Aaron Paul Jensen
Evaluation And Installation Guidelines For Advance Warning Signal Systems In Utah, Aaron Paul Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
Advance warning signals (AWS) provide information warning drivers in advance of the end-of-green phase for an approaching signalized intersection. The purpose of this research was to develop guidelines for the placement of AWS in Utah, both conditions to evaluate the need for AWS installation and guidelines for the AWS system design. The conditions were based on literature of other transportation agencies that had similar AWS systems and were developed using the Policy Delphi method. The Policy Delphi method is the development of a specific policy area through the means of discussion by a committee of experts correlating views and information …
A Prioritization Process For Access Management Implementation In Utah, Kordel T. Braley
A Prioritization Process For Access Management Implementation In Utah, Kordel T. Braley
Theses and Dissertations
Appropriate access management techniques can improve the safety and efficiency of arterial roads. In order to determine which roads can most benefit by the implementation of access management techniques, a prioritization process was developed to recommend various access management treatments such as limiting access points, installing raised medians, and ensuring adequate signal spacing along corridors. To serve as the basis for the performance index, a database was created including identifying features, characteristics, and crash history for 175 arterial road segments on Utah state routes. Stepwise linear regression was applied to the data collected to determine which characteristics of the roads …
Use Of The Clegg Impact Soil Tester To Access Rutting Susceptiblity Of Cement-Treated Base Material Under Early Trafficking, Garth B. Reese
Use Of The Clegg Impact Soil Tester To Access Rutting Susceptiblity Of Cement-Treated Base Material Under Early Trafficking, Garth B. Reese
Theses and Dissertations
In order to avoid the occurrence of early-age damage, cement-treated base (CTB) materials must be allowed to cure for a period of time before the pavement can be opened to traffic. Trafficking of a CTB before sufficient strength gain has occurred can lead to marring or rutting of the treated layer. The specific objectives of this research were to examine the correlation between Clegg impact values (CIVs) determined using a heavy Clegg impact soil tester and rut depths measured in newly constructed CTB and subsequently establish a threshold CIV at which rutting should not occur.The experimental work included field testing …
Statnamic Lateral Loading Testing Of Full-Scale 15 And 9 Group Piles In Clay, Rick Davon Broderick
Statnamic Lateral Loading Testing Of Full-Scale 15 And 9 Group Piles In Clay, Rick Davon Broderick
Theses and Dissertations
Studies of seismic and impact loading on foundation piles is an important and a focused interest in the engineering world today. Because of seismic and other natural events are unpredictable, uncontrollable and potentially unsafe it is a vital study to understand the behavior and relationship structures in motion have on there foundation. Statnamic Loading has become a popular method of studying this relationship in a controlled environment. Two groups of 9 and 15 driven hollow pipe piles were tested in saturated clay at the Salt Lake City Airport in July of 2002. The 9-pile group (3x3 configuration) was separated at …
Objective Test Methods For Waveguide Audio Synthesis, Steven Gregory Wood
Objective Test Methods For Waveguide Audio Synthesis, Steven Gregory Wood
Theses and Dissertations
Acoustic Physical Modeling has emerged as a newer musical synthesis technique. The most common form of physical modeling synthesis in both industry and academia is digital waveguide synthesis. Commercially available for the past thirteen years, the top synthesizer manufacturers have chosen to include physical modeling synthesis in their top of the line models. In the area of audio quality testing, the most common tests have traditionally been group listening tests. While these tests are subjective and can be expensive and time-consuming, the results are validated by the groups' proper quality standards. Research has been conducted to evaluate objective testing procedures …
Lifetime Testing Of Wire-Grid Polarizers With Selected Over-Coatings, Steven J. Malone
Lifetime Testing Of Wire-Grid Polarizers With Selected Over-Coatings, Steven J. Malone
Theses and Dissertations
Wire-grid polarizers (WGPs) offer superior extinction, durability, angle of incidence, and heat resistance when compared to traditional organic polarizers. WGPs are found in applications such as high lumen lighting, laser devices, high lumen digital cinema projectors, LED packaging, and other integrated optical applications and are driving the need for over-coatings. Over-coating a WGP has been found to increase lifetime and durability. This research provides lifetime data on coated and uncoated WGPs. WGPs over-coated with 100nm of SiO2, 300nm of MgF2, and with no over-coating were heated to temperatures of 450 ºC, 500 ºC, and 550 ºC and timed until they …
Rectification Of 2-D To 3-D Finite Element Analysis In Buried Concrete Arches Under Discrete Loading, Adam D. Aagard
Rectification Of 2-D To 3-D Finite Element Analysis In Buried Concrete Arches Under Discrete Loading, Adam D. Aagard
Theses and Dissertations
Construction of tunnels and small- to medium-span bridges is a $12 billion per year industry in the United States, with a significant portion going into buried arch structures. Notwithstanding such expenditure, modern arch design and construction, in many cases, is highly conservative. This is because the closed-form solutions used by most designers today do not correctly account for soil-structure interaction. In fact, soil-structure interaction makes a closed form solution impossible. With the advent of high power computers in recent years, some designers have turned to finite element (FE)modeling as the main vehicle of analysis. Such numerical procedures provide an accurate …
Early Age Assessment Of Cement Treated Materials, Tyler B. Young
Early Age Assessment Of Cement Treated Materials, Tyler B. Young
Theses and Dissertations
In order to avoid the occurrence of early-age damage, cement-treated base (CTB) materials must be allowed to cure for a period of time before the pavement can be opened to traffic. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the utility of the soil stiffness gauge (SSG), heavy Clegg impact soil tester (CIST), portable falling-weight deflectometer (PFWD), dynamic cone penetrometer, and falling-weight deflectometer for assessing early-age strength gain of cement-stabilized materials. Experimentation was performed at four sites on a pavement reconstruction project along Interstate 84 near Morgan, Utah, and three sites along Highway 91 near Richmond, Utah; cement stabilization was …