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Articles 1 - 30 of 446
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Resiliency Of Utah's Road Network: A Logit-Based Approach, Max Evan Barnes
Resiliency Of Utah's Road Network: A Logit-Based Approach, Max Evan Barnes
Theses and Dissertations
The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) manages and maintains a complex state-wide network of highways. Recent incidents such as the collapse of the I-35W bridge in Min- neapolis, Minnesota, and the I-85/Piedmont Road fire and subsequent bridge collapse in Atlanta, Georgia, have brought identification of transportation network vulnerabilities to the forefront of UDOT’s planning efforts. Traditional estimates of transportation network impacts have focused on increases to user travel time or the volume of affected traffic, but studies of these disasters have revealed that when facing a degraded transportation network, people adjust their trip making in terms of destination, mode, and …
Extending Multi-Beam Sonar With Structure From Motion Data Of Shorelines For Complete Pool Bathymetry Of Reservoirs, Izaak Brandt Cooper
Extending Multi-Beam Sonar With Structure From Motion Data Of Shorelines For Complete Pool Bathymetry Of Reservoirs, Izaak Brandt Cooper
Theses and Dissertations
Bathymetric mapping is an important tool for reservoir management, typically completed before reservoir construction. Historically, bathymetric maps were produced by interpolating between points measured at a relatively large spacing throughout a reservoir, typically on the order of a few, up to 10, meters or more depending on the size of the reservoir. These measurements were made using traditional survey methods before the reservoir was filled, or using sonar surveys after filling. Post-construction issues such as sedimentation and erosion can change a reservoir, but generating updated bathymetric maps is difficult as the areas of interest are typically in the sediment deltas …
Evaluation Of Concrete Bridge Decks Comprising Twisted Steel Micro Rebar, Aubrey Lynne Hebdon
Evaluation Of Concrete Bridge Decks Comprising Twisted Steel Micro Rebar, Aubrey Lynne Hebdon
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of twisted steel micro rebar (TSMR) fibers on 1) the mechanical properties of concrete used in bridge deck construction and 2) the early cracking behavior of concrete bridge decks. This research involved the evaluation of four newly constructed bridge decks through a series of laboratory and field tests. At each location, one deck was constructed using a conventional concrete mixture without TSMR, and one was constructed using the same conventional concrete mixture with an addition of 40 lb of TSMR per cubic yard of concrete. Regarding laboratory testing, the conventional …
Polyester Polymer Concrete For Bridge Deck Overlays, Robert James Stevens
Polyester Polymer Concrete For Bridge Deck Overlays, Robert James Stevens
Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of this research were to 1) compile a synthesis of information about polyester polymer concrete (PPC) from the literature; 2) conduct a scanning tour to observe PPC construction, inspect in-service PPC overlays, and discuss topics related to PPC; 3) revise the existing Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) PPC specification; 4) document a PPC field demonstration project; and 5) perform laboratory characterization of the material properties of field-mixed PPC. The scope of the research included a scanning tour, field testing, and laboratory experimentation. The objectives of the scanning tour included observation of a PPC overlay placement, inspection of existing …
Splice Performance Of #6 Reinforcing Bars In Masonry With Self-Consolidating Grout, Annie Ruth Nielson
Splice Performance Of #6 Reinforcing Bars In Masonry With Self-Consolidating Grout, Annie Ruth Nielson
Theses and Dissertations
Reinforced masonry grouted using self-consolidating grout (SCG) is a relatively new and economically competitive option for construction, providing advantages such as reduced construction time, decreased noise and vibration, and reliable consolidation. However, SCG has different properties than conventional grout and its performance should be verified using current governing code requirements. The purpose of this research program was to determine the development length of spliced reinforcing bars in masonry grouted with SCG.Twelve masonry panels, four courses high and two and a half blocks wide, were constructed using 8-inch concrete masonry units, each with two pairs of vertically spliced #6 reinforcing bars. …
Development Of A Simplified Performance-Based Procedure For Assessment Of Post-Liquefaction Settlement Using The Cone Penetration Test, Jingwen He
Theses and Dissertations
Earthquake-induced liquefaction can cause severe damage to infrastructure is a serious concern in civil engineering practice. Post-liquefaction settlement is one of the common effects of liquefaction. The ability to predict and quantify post-liquefaction free-field settlement is a crucial part of seismic design. Many approaches have been developed during the past 50 years to perform liquefaction hazard analysis. The performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) framework developed by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) center is a probabilistic framework that can provide a more accurate and complete seismic hazard analysis than other traditional methods. However, the PBEE framework is not widely used in …
Management Of Global Reservoir Sedimentation: Evaluating Rescon 2 For Sediment Management Alternatives, Christopher Jacob Garcia
Management Of Global Reservoir Sedimentation: Evaluating Rescon 2 For Sediment Management Alternatives, Christopher Jacob Garcia
Theses and Dissertations
Reservoir sedimentation occurs as dams impound streams and rivers, preventing the delivery of sediments downstream. Globally, reservoirs lose approximately 40 million acre-ft of storage to sediments each year. Several methods for managing reservoir sedimentation have been developed to help extend project life. In 2017, the World Bank sponsored REServoir CONservation (RESCON) 2, a pre-feasibility program aimed to help users select sediment management practices to consider for more detailed studies.There are two main objectives to this research: 1) perform a sensitivity analysis to understand which parameters require greater precision and which can be roughly approximated, and 2) evaluate RESCON 2 suggested …
Estimating Phase Durations For Chloride-Induced Corrosion Damage Of Concrete Bridge Decks In Utah, Kaylee Dee Bateman
Estimating Phase Durations For Chloride-Induced Corrosion Damage Of Concrete Bridge Decks In Utah, Kaylee Dee Bateman
Theses and Dissertations
Chloride-induced deterioration of concrete bridge decks can be described in terms of three phases: 1) initiation of rebar corrosion, 2) rust formation and development of deck damage, and 3) accelerated deck damage towards structural failure. The first objective of this research was to investigate relationships among chloride concentration at the top mat of reinforcing steel, deck age, cover depth, and occurrence of delamination for concrete bridge decks with selected surface treatments and rebar types. Relating these factors can help establish greater understanding about the duration of each phase of the deterioration process. A second objective of this research was to …
An Analysis Of Decision Boundaries For Left-Turn Treatments, Michael Louis Adamson
An Analysis Of Decision Boundaries For Left-Turn Treatments, Michael Louis Adamson
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this project is to evaluate the safety and operational differences between three left-turn treatments: permitted, protected, and protected-permitted left-turn phasing. Permitted phasing allows vehicles to turn left after yielding to any opposing vehicles; protected phasing provides an exclusive phase for vehicles to turn left that does not allow opposing vehicles; and protected-permitted phasing combines the previous phasing alternatives, allowing vehicles to turn after yielding while also providing some green time for protected left-turns.As part of evaluating the differences between these left-turn treatments, crashes before and after the change at intersections that had experienced a permanent change from …
Molecular Methods For The Identification And Quantification Of Cyanobacteria In Surface Water Sources, Treyton Michael Moore
Molecular Methods For The Identification And Quantification Of Cyanobacteria In Surface Water Sources, Treyton Michael Moore
Theses and Dissertations
Geosmin is a strong musty-flavored organic compound that is responsible for many taste-and-odor events in surface drinking water sources like lakes and reservoirs. The taste threshold of geosmin for humans is lower than 10 ng/L. Traditional treatment methods will not remove geosmin to this level. Additional water treatment methods must be implemented to successfully remove the geosmin and its associated flavor and odor from drinking water. Furthermore, geosmin is produced by cyanobacteria somewhat sporadically, so it is difficult to predict when taste-and-odor events are going to occur. The difficulty involved with predicting geosmin events has led most water treatment facilities …
Near Real-Time Flood Forecasts From Global Hydrologic Forecasting Models, Corey Nicholas Krewson
Near Real-Time Flood Forecasts From Global Hydrologic Forecasting Models, Corey Nicholas Krewson
Theses and Dissertations
This research assesses possible methods for extending the Streamflow Prediction Tool from a streamflow forecasting model to a flood extent forecasting model. This new flood extent forecasting model would allow valuable and easy to understand information be disseminated in a timely manner for flood preparation and flood response. The Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) method and AutoRoute method were considered for flood extent models but the HAND was the better option for its simple and quick computation as well as its viability on a global scale. Due to the importance of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) in these flood extent models, …
Pedestrian Walking Speeds At Signalized Intersections In Utah, Jordi Jordan Berrett
Pedestrian Walking Speeds At Signalized Intersections In Utah, Jordi Jordan Berrett
Theses and Dissertations
The 2009 edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) recommends a pedestrian walking speed of 3.5 feet per second for use in the timing of pedestrian clearance intervals at signalized intersections (reduced from 4.0 feet per second in the 2003 edition). Jurisdictions across the state of Utah continue to maintain pedestrian walking speeds of 4.0 feet per second for normal intersections with guidance on engineering judgement for areas where a lower pedestrian walking speed should be considered. In 2018, it was decided that the current state guidance with regard to pedestrian walking speeds be evaluated for any …
Developing A Method To Identify Horizontal Curve Segments With High Crash Occurrences Using The Haf Algorithm, Joseph Stuart Browning
Developing A Method To Identify Horizontal Curve Segments With High Crash Occurrences Using The Haf Algorithm, Joseph Stuart Browning
Theses and Dissertations
Crashes occur every day on Utah’s roadways. Curves can be particularly dangerous as they require driver focus due to potentially unseen hazards. Often, crashes occur on curves due to poor curve geometry, a lack of warning signs, or poor surface conditions. This can create conditions in which vehicles are more prone to leave the roadway, and possibly roll over. These types of crashes are responsible for many severe injuries and a few fatalities each year, which could be prevented if these areas are identified. This highlights a need for identification of curves with high crash occurrences, particularly on a network-wide …
A Flexible Service-Oriented Approach To Address Hydroinformatic Challenges In Large-Scale Hydrologic Predictions, Michael Antonio Souffront Alcantara
A Flexible Service-Oriented Approach To Address Hydroinformatic Challenges In Large-Scale Hydrologic Predictions, Michael Antonio Souffront Alcantara
Theses and Dissertations
Water security is defined as a combination of water for achieving our goals as a society, and an acceptable level of water-related risks. Hydrologic modeling can be used to predict streamflow and aid in the decision-making process with the goal of attaining water security. Developed countries usually have their own hydrologic models; however, developing countries often lack hydrologic models due to factors such as the maintenance, computational costs, and technical capacity needed to run models. A global streamflow prediction system (GSPS) would help decrease vulnerabilities in developing countries and fill gaps in areas where no local models exist by providing …
Experimental Evaluation Of Replaceable Shear Fuse Moment Connections, Shannon Shun Oh
Experimental Evaluation Of Replaceable Shear Fuse Moment Connections, Shannon Shun Oh
Theses and Dissertations
Steel special moment frames (SMFs) are known to be highly ductile seismic force- resisting systems. The performance of an SMF relies on the ability of the connections to accommodate large inelastic deformations. After the brittle failure of some steel moment frame connections during the 1994 Northridge Earthquake, experimental tests were used to investigate the ductility and strength of these connections. An experimental study was performed to investigate the seismic performance a new connection called the Replaceable Shear Fuse (RSF) connection. The RSF connection uses shear-yielding fuse plates to prevent beam and column yielding. A total of 7 test specimens with …
Development Of A Simplified Analysis Approach For Predicting Pile Deflections Of Piers Subjected To Lateral Spread Displacements And Application To A Pier Damaged During The 2010 Maule, Chile, M8.8 Earthquake, Logan Matthew Palmer
Theses and Dissertations
The 2010, moment magnitude 8.8 earthquake that occurred near Maule, Chile caused major damages to several piers in the Port of Coronel located approximately 160 kilometers (100 miles) to the South of the earthquake epicenter. One of the piers, the North Pier, experienced significant lateral spreading that was caused from liquefaction of the soils at the approach zone of the pier. Damages from lateral spreading and liquefaction effects consisted of sheet pile welding ruptures of the cross-support beams, stiffener buckling, pile displacements, pile rotations, and pier deck displacement. Researchers analyzed the North Pier after the earthquake and documented in detail …
Integrating Global And Local Forecasting Resources And Methods For Flood Warning Systems In Central America And Caribbean Region, José Fidel Pérez
Integrating Global And Local Forecasting Resources And Methods For Flood Warning Systems In Central America And Caribbean Region, José Fidel Pérez
Theses and Dissertations
Hurricanes and tropical storms occur very frequently in the Central American and Caribbean Region (CA&CR). These extreme weather events produce a lot of rain and consequently a lot of flooding. Damages and loses have been estimated to amount to 13.4 billion dollars in the last ten years. Flood Warning Systems (FEWS) are a key preventive strategy to reduce risk. Technological progress is improving the resources made available for FEWS to be more viable. In spite of the international support for FEWS and the fast development of ICT, there are very few countries in the CA&CR that have succeeded in developing …
Swat Online: Development Of A Web-Based Decision Support System For The Soil And Water Assessment Tool, Spencer Dean Mcdonald
Swat Online: Development Of A Web-Based Decision Support System For The Soil And Water Assessment Tool, Spencer Dean Mcdonald
Theses and Dissertations
As satellite and climate modelling technology continues to improve and as climatological disasters and issues continue to impact the global community, climate data will increase in size and relevance. With this new influx of information, it is becoming more and more important for scientists to simply and concisely communicate their findings to both decision makers in governments and disaster preparedness organizations and also to the general public. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a powerful modelling tool that allows scientists to simulate essentially all of the physical processes involved in the water cycle. The data that SWAT produces …
Relationship Between Compressive Strength Of Different Shape And Thickness Specimens Of Type S Mortar, Theodore James Moffett
Relationship Between Compressive Strength Of Different Shape And Thickness Specimens Of Type S Mortar, Theodore James Moffett
Theses and Dissertations
Mortar is the cementitious binding material placed between masonry blocks to create a composite system. The American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), along with other organizations, have established the testing of prismatic mortar specimens for evaluating mechanical properties, like compressive strength. Mortar joints, however, possess vastly different characteristics compared to prismatic specimens, especially in terms of geometry and water content. These differences prevent a direct comparison of compressive strength between prismatic specimens and actual mortar joints in the assembly. The objective of this study was to analyze Type S mortar joints, with particular emphasis on specimen shape and water …
Dynamic Cone Penetration Tests For Liquefaction Evaluation Of Gravelly Soils, Michael H. Talbot
Dynamic Cone Penetration Tests For Liquefaction Evaluation Of Gravelly Soils, Michael H. Talbot
Theses and Dissertations
Dynamic Cone Penetration Tests for LiquefactionEvaluation of Gravelly SoilsMichael H. TalbotDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, BYUDoctor of PhilosophyIn North American practice, the Becker Penetration Test (BPT) has become the primary field test used to measure penetration resistance of gravelly soils. However, this test is expensive and uncertainties exist regarding correlations and corrections for rod friction. As an alternative, the dynamic penetration test (DPT) developed in China has recently been correlated with liquefaction resistance in gravelly soils. The DPT equipment consists of a 74 mm diameter cone tip driven by a 120 kg hammer with a free fall height of …
Parametric Study On Multi-Story, Partially Grouted, Perforated, Masonry Shear Walls By Finite Element Analysis, Kyle Henry Chavez
Parametric Study On Multi-Story, Partially Grouted, Perforated, Masonry Shear Walls By Finite Element Analysis, Kyle Henry Chavez
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, parameters related to material properties, geometry, and external stimuli were examined individually to determine their influence on multi-story, partially grouted, perforated (openings), masonry shear walls using a finite element software FormWorks. The parameters studied were: the strength of grouted masonry prisms f'm,grouted; the strength of un-grouted (hollow) masonry prisms f'm,ungrouted; the ratio of mortar shear strength to masonry compressive strength; vertical and horizontal reinforcement ratios in terms of size and spacing of reinforcement; axial load; aspect ratio; and openings that were vertically and horizontally altered. To perform this study, finite element models were …
Crash Severity Distributions For Life-Cycle Benefit-Cost Analysis Of Safety-Related Improvements On Utah Roadways, Conor Judd Seat
Crash Severity Distributions For Life-Cycle Benefit-Cost Analysis Of Safety-Related Improvements On Utah Roadways, Conor Judd Seat
Theses and Dissertations
The Utah Department of Transportation developed life-cycle benefit-cost analysis spreadsheets that allow engineers and analysts to evaluate multiple safety countermeasures. The spreadsheets have included the functionality to evaluate a roadway based on the 11 facility types from the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) with the use of crash severity distributions. The HSM suggests that local agencies develop crash severity distributions based on their local crash data. The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Brigham Young University worked with the Statistics Department to develop crash severity distributions for the facility types from the HSM.The primary objective of this research was to …
Intersection Safety Analysis Methodology For Utah Roadways, Joshua Daniel Gibbons
Intersection Safety Analysis Methodology For Utah Roadways, Joshua Daniel Gibbons
Theses and Dissertations
Roadway safety continues to be a priority for the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) Traffic and Safety Division. UDOT has participated in and managed several research projects in recent years to determine the roadway segments of highest safety concern in the state. This research has provided UDOT with more tools to assist in safety project prioritization. Researchers in Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Brigham Young University (BYU) have worked with UDOT and the Statistics Department at BYU to create two network screening statistical tools called the Utah Crash Prediction Model (UCPM) and the Utah Crash Severity Model (UCSM) …
Effect Of Inclined Loading On Passive Force-Deflection Curves And Skew Adjustment Factors, Joshua Rex Curtis
Effect Of Inclined Loading On Passive Force-Deflection Curves And Skew Adjustment Factors, Joshua Rex Curtis
Theses and Dissertations
Skewed bridges have exhibited poorer performance during lateral earthquake loading in comparison to non-skewed bridges (Apirakvorapinit et al. 2012; Elnashai et al. 2010). Results from numerical modeling by Shamsabadi et al. (2006), small-scale laboratory tests by Rollins and Jessee (2012), and several large-scale tests performed by Rollins et al. at Brigham Young University (Franke 2013; Marsh 2013; Palmer 2013; Smith 2014; Frederickson 2015) led to the proposal of a reduction curve used to determine a passive force skew reduction factor depending on abutment skew angle (Shamsabadi and Rollins 2014). In all previous tests, a uniform longitudinal load has been applied …
Chloride Concentration And Blow-Through Analysis For Concrete Bridge Decks Rehabilitated Using Hydro-Demolition, Elizabeth Ashleigh Roper
Chloride Concentration And Blow-Through Analysis For Concrete Bridge Decks Rehabilitated Using Hydro-Demolition, Elizabeth Ashleigh Roper
Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of this research were 1) to investigate the effects of hydrodemolition treatment timing on chloride concentration profiles in concrete bridge decks for depths of concrete removal below the top mat of reinforcing steel and 2) to investigate factors that influence the occurrence of blow-throughs in concrete bridge decks when hydrodemolition is used. The research results are intended to provide engineers with guidance about the latest timing of hydrodemolition that can maintain a chloride concentration level below 2.0 lb of chloride per cubic yard of concrete at the levels of both the top and bottom mats of reinforcing steel, …
Reinforcing Bar Splice Performance In Masonry With Self-Consolidating Grout, Aaron Brent Roper
Reinforcing Bar Splice Performance In Masonry With Self-Consolidating Grout, Aaron Brent Roper
Theses and Dissertations
The use of self-consolidating grout in reinforced masonry construction provides various advantages such as reduced labor, faster construction, decreased noise pollution and better structural response. This is a relatively new building material however, and little research on self-consolidating grout's structural properties has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance or bond capacity of steel reinforcing bar splices in masonry with self-consolidating grout. Twelve masonry panels approximately 40 in. wide and 32 in. tall consisting of Type S mortar and concrete masonry units grouted with self-consolidating grout and No. 5 steel reinforcing bars were constructed with …
Effect Of Inclined Loading On Passive Force-Deflection Curves And Skew Adjustment Factors, Joshua Rex Curtis
Effect Of Inclined Loading On Passive Force-Deflection Curves And Skew Adjustment Factors, Joshua Rex Curtis
Theses and Dissertations
Skewed bridges have exhibited poorer performance during lateral earthquake loading in comparison to non-skewed bridges (Apirakvorapinit et al. 2012; Elnashai et al. 2010). Results from numerical modeling by Shamsabadi et al. (2006), small-scale laboratory tests by Rollins and Jessee (2012), and several large-scale tests performed by Rollins et al. at Brigham Young University (Franke 2013; Marsh 2013; Palmer 2013; Smith 2014; Frederickson 2015) led to the proposal of a reduction curve used to determine a passive force skew reduction factor depending on abutment skew angle (Shamsabadi and Rollins 2014). In all previous tests, a uniform longitudinal load has been applied …
Effects Of Surface Treatments On National Bridge Inventory Condition Ratings For Concrete Bridge Decks In Utah, John Taani De Leon
Effects Of Surface Treatments On National Bridge Inventory Condition Ratings For Concrete Bridge Decks In Utah, John Taani De Leon
Theses and Dissertations
Although the application of surface treatments on bridge decks is expected to positively impact bridge deck condition, the effectiveness of specific surface treatments on extending bridge deck life has not yet been quantified on Utah bridge decks. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to develop and analyze deterioration curves for bare concrete bridge decks and decks with specific treatments commonly used in Utah. The scope of this study was determined by the types and extent of electronically available data, including selected static inventory information; maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction histories; and National Bridge Inventory (NBI) condition ratings for the bridge …
Large-Scale Strength Testing Of High-Speed Railway Bridge Embankments: Effects Of Cement Treatment And Skew Under Passive Loading, Daniel Ethan Schwicht
Large-Scale Strength Testing Of High-Speed Railway Bridge Embankments: Effects Of Cement Treatment And Skew Under Passive Loading, Daniel Ethan Schwicht
Theses and Dissertations
To investigate the passive force-displacement relationships provided by a transitional zoned backfill consisting of cement treated aggregate (CTA) and compacted gravel, a series of full-scale lateral abutment load tests were performed. The transitional zoned backfill was designed to minimize differential settlement adjacent to bridge abutments for the California High Speed Rail project. Tests were performed with a 2-D or plane strain backfill geometry to simulate a wide abutment. To investigate the effect of skew angle on the passive force, lateral abutment load tests were also performed with a simulated abutment with skew angles of 30º and 45º. The peak passive …
An Analysis Of Using Error Metrics To Determine The Accuracy Of Modeled Historical Streamflow On A Global Scale, Elise Katherine Jackson
An Analysis Of Using Error Metrics To Determine The Accuracy Of Modeled Historical Streamflow On A Global Scale, Elise Katherine Jackson
Theses and Dissertations
Streamflow data is used throughout the world in applications such as flooding, agriculture, and urban planning. Understanding daily and seasonal patterns in streamflow is important for decision makers, so that they can accurately predict and react to seasonal changes in streamflow for the region. This understanding of daily and seasonal patterns has historically been achieved through interpretation of observed historical data at stream reaches throughout the individual regions. Developing countries have limited and sporadic observed stream and rain gage data, making it difficult for stakeholders to manage their water resources to their fullest potential. In areas where observed historical data …