Engineering Commons^™

Assessing The Ability Of Arduino-Based Sensor Systems To Monitor Changes In Water Quality, Josiah Hacker

Honors College Theses

Access to safe water is vital to public health. While developed countries like the United States are recognized as having reliable and safe water, many small water utilities struggle with supplying consistent water quality. Technicians of these utilities will periodically test water samples from the influent and throughout the distribution system. However, this laborious and costly process does not capture sudden changes in influent water quality due to environmental conditions or pipes breaking in the distribution system. Here I show how an Arduino-based sensor can be used as a real-time, low-cost monitor of water quality parameters. Specifically, I developed a …

An Analysis Of The Effect Of Temperature On Asphalt Paving In South Dakota, S M Rahat Rashedi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Temperature is an important parameter to consider for asphalt paving since this work is generally susceptible to weather due to outdoor construction. The South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT) developed working day weather charts in 1998 to address the expected adverse weather days. This thesis investigated the effect of temperature on adverse weather days for asphalt paving and compared them to the value reported in the 1998 SDDOT study. Moreover, the thesis also examined how closely the maximum temperature data from project sites' weekly progress reports (WPR) matched the data from the closest weather stations. When the maximum temperature (TMAX) …

Copulas For Hydroclimatic Analysis: A Practice-Oriented Overview, Faranak Tootoonchi, Mojtaba Sadegh, Jan Olaf Haerter, Olle Räty, Thomas Grabs, Claudia Teutschbein

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A warming climate is associated with increasing hydroclimatic extremes, which are often interconnected through complex processes, prompting their concurrence and/or succession, and causing compound extreme events. It is critical to analyze the risks of compound events, given their disproportionately high adverse impacts. To account for the variability in two or more hydroclimatic variables (e.g., temperature and precipitation) and their dependence, a rising number of publications focuses on multivariate analysis, among which the notion of copula-based probability distribution has attracted tremendous interest. Copula is a mathematical function that expresses the joint cumulative probability distribution of multiple variables. Our focus is to …

Strain And Temperature Measurement From Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors In Performance-Based Fire Engineering, Yanping Zhu

Doctoral Dissertations

"Strain and temperature measurement of steel and concrete structures under fires is critical to the understanding of structural performance yet historically challenging due to a significant gap in measurement science. This Ph.D. study characterizes in six parts low-cost distributed fiber optic sensors and applies them to strain, and temperature measurements based on Rayleigh and Brillouin light scattering. The first part aims to quantify the Rayleigh scattering based measurement accuracy of distributed fiber optic sensors under a heating-holding load protocol and characterize the effect of polymer coating on the sensors as the polymer softens and melts at elevated temperatures. The second …

Establishment Of A Numerical Model For Sulfate Attacked Concrete Considering Multi-Factors, Shanshan Qin, Dujian Zou, Jun Jiang, Tiejun Liu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Sulfate attack is one of the major durability problems of concrete structures, which is manifested by expansive cracks and deterioration of cement paste. In this study, a numerical model is proposed to predict the process of ionic diffusion into concrete under external sulfate attack. The chemical reaction and diffusion processes are considered in this model. Furthermore, the influence of calcium leaching, chemical activity of multi-ions, temperature and changes in porosity are also taken into account. The initial porosity and tortuosity are assumed to be homogeneous in concrete, and the chemical potential gradient is regarded as the driving force for ions …

Effects Of Temperature And Curing Duration On The Stability Of Slag Cements In Combined Chloride-Sulphate Environments, Joseph Onah Ukpata, P. A. M. Basheer, Leon Black

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This experimental study investigates the effects of temperature and curing duration on the stability of slag blended cement systems exposed at 20 °C and 38 °C to combined sodium chloride (30 g/L) – sodium sulphate (3 g/L) solutions. Two slags, designated as slag 1 and 2, having CaO/SiO₂ ratios of 1.05 and 0.94, were respectively blended with Portland cement CEM I 52.5R at 30 wt.% replacement level. Mortar prisms and cubes with w/b ratio of 0.5 and binder/aggregate ratio of 1:3 were then prepared for length and mass changes. The samples were cured in lime water for either 7 …

Multi-Resolution Spatio-Temporal Change Analyses Of Hydro-Climatological Variables In Association With Large-Scale Oceanic-Atmospheric Climate Signals, Kazi Ali Tamaddun

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The primary objective of the work presented in this dissertation was to evaluate the change patterns, i.e., a gradual change known as the trend, and an abrupt change known as the shift, of multiple hydro-climatological variables, namely, streamflow, snow water equivalent (SWE), temperature, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration (PET), in association with the large-scale oceanic-atmospheric climate signals. Moreover, both observed datasets and modeled simulations were used to evaluate such change patterns to assess the efficacy of the modeled datasets in emulating the observed trends and shifts under the influence of uncertainties and inconsistencies. A secondary objective of this study was to …

Analysis Of Adhesive Anchorage Systems Under Extreme In-Service Temperature Conditions, Rachel Wang

Masters Theses

Adhesive anchorage systems have found widespread use in structural applications, including bridge widening, concrete repair and rehabilitation, and barrier retrofitting. Because these applications typically require adhesive anchorage systems to be installed outdoors, the effects of climate conditions and day-to-day temperature fluctuations on adhesive behavior and performance should be considered. The purpose of this thesis is to simulate pullout tests of adhesive anchorage systems for threaded rod and reinforcing bars and to emulate effects under various temperature conditions through the use of finite element analysis. Results from the finite element simulation are then compared to the physical tests conducted at UMass …

Rheological Properties Of Warm Mix Asphalt Binders And Warm Mix Asphalt Binders Containing Polyphosphoric Acid, Jun Liu, Kezhen Yan, Jenny Liu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the laboratory investigation of properties of warm mix asphalt (WMA) binders and WMA binders containing polyphosphoric acid (PPA).Two types of warm mix additives were used to produce the WMA binders. Superpave tests were carried out on original and short-term aged binders through the rotational viscometer, the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and the bending beam rheometer (BBR). The results indicated that the WMA binders with different warm mix additives showed different viscosity values, however, the addition of PPA remarkably increased the viscosity values of these two kinds of WMA binders used, in the present study, to a similar …

Statistical Models Of I-15 Bridge C-846: Changes In Natural Frequencies Due To Temperature, Gilbert Nichols

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Structural Health monitoring is to determine the condition of a bridge based on instrument measurements. The C-846 Bridge in Salt Lake City has such instrumentation. The bridge is located in Salt Lake City at about 2100 South and Interstate 15. This bridge has two kinds of instruments on it: accelerometers and thermocouples. The accelerometers measure the vibrations of the bridge. The accelerometers have been recording data on the bridge since 2001. The thermocouples, which measure temperature, were added as part of this thesis in April 2016.

In light of recent research, damage may be detected from measuring the change in …

Moisture And Temperature Effects On Interface Mechanical Properties For External Bonding, Tamon Ueda, Justin Shrestha, Khuram Rashid, Dawei Zhang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In order to develop rational guidelines for strengthening by external bonding, it is necessary to clarify longterm performance of interfacial bonding property. In this paper, moisture effects on bonding properties at FRP–concrete interface and temperature/moisture effects on bonding properties at PCM–concrete interface are presented. Shear bond strength of FRP–concrete interface is affected by moisture because resin–concrete adhesion strength is affected by moisture. Among tested CFRP external bonding systems, wet-layup CFRP systems all show the strength reduction, while prefabricated CFRP systems all show the strength increase after immersion. The bond stress–slip relationship and interfacial fracture energy also change, which can explain …

Effect Of Crumb Rubber Dissolution On Low-Temperature Performance And Aging Of Asphalt-Rubber Binder, Amir Ghavibazoo, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Asphalt binder plays a critical role in defining the low-temperature performance of asphalt pavement, and, therefore, enhancing its mechanical behavior at low service temperatures through modification always has been of great interest. Crumb rubber modification of asphalt is one of the common practices in the industry. However, the effect of a crumb rubber modifier (CRM) on low-temperature performance of the binder is not well understood. A CRM swells by absorbing the aromat-ics and light molecular components of asphalt at low interaction temperatures (i.e., 160°C) and dissolves at higher interaction temperatures (i.e., 190°C, 220°C). Each of those activities affects the performance …

A Pilot Study On The Effects Of Temperature On The Material Properties Of Prestressed Concrete And The Use Of Thermogravimetric Analysis In The Assessment Of Heat-Affected Concrete, Kacie Caple

All Theses

An understanding of the material property changes in building materials due to exposure to a fire is needed for accurate damage assessment of a structure. Discussion pertaining to material property changes and the bond between concrete and prestressing steel following elevated temperature exposures is presented. Evaluation of the use of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as a post-fire analysis tool to determine the maximum temperature exposure of concrete is also included.
Heated concrete cylinders were tested to determine the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity changes of concrete. Heated steel prestressing strands were tested in tension to determine changes in the ultimate …

Influence Of Strain Rate And Temperature Of Hot Tension Testing On Mechanical Properties Of Medium Carbon Steel S48c, Dedi Priadi, Iwan Setyadi, Eddy S. Siradj

Makara Journal of Technology

Influence of Strain Rate and Temperature of Hot Tension Testing on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel S48C. The characterization of S48C by hot tension testing was done to understanding the influence of temperature and strain rate for S48C flow stress, that close relationship with its forge ability. The hot tension testing was performed on temperatures and strain rates variation (T 850, 900, 950 0C and έ 0,01;1 s-1). The result of hot tension testing showed that increasing temperature decreases ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and flow stress of S48C. The higher decreasing of UTS is on 950 0C about 85% …

Effects Of 0.25 % Mo (Molybdenum) Which Is Contained In The Ductile Cast Iron On Mechanical Properties Of Austempered Ductile Iron (Adi)., Nukman Nukman, Bustanul Arifin, Bambang Sugiarto

Makara Journal of Technology

The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of 0.25 % Mo (Molybdenum) which is contained in the ductile cast iron on mechanical properties of Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI). The various temperatures and the holding times are used in the heat treatment processes. Using a given 0.25 % Mo in the ductile iron, ADI's alloyed developes a higher ultimate tensile stress value and decreases the elongation if we compare with the as cast (non alloy ductile iron). The higher impact energy value obtained at 9000 C austenization and 375o C austempering temperatures during 60 minutes holding times. The …

Locating The Drainage Layer For Bituminous Pavements In Indiana, Hossam Farouk. Hassan, Thomas D. White

JTRP Technical Reports

Pavement subsurface drainage and its effect on pavement performance has been a subject of interest since the 18th and 19th centuries. With no doubt the detrimental effects of heavy wheel loads on pavements with saturated base material is a significant factor. The consequence of subsurface water on pavement performance includes premature rutting, cracking, faulting, and increased roughness, all of which lead to a decrease in serviceability. This research study involves the evaluation of the drainage performance of three section configurations. The sections were built with a difference in the filter as well as the drainage layer. Indiana #5D, and #53 …