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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A Generalized Energy-Based Kinetic Model For Microwave-Assisted Extraction Of Bioactive Compounds From Plants
Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya
By considering the absorbed power and energy based on heating power profile during extraction, a generalized model with washing coefficient (b), diffusion coefficient (k) and predictive parameter namely absorbed power density (APD) was developed for microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at any operational heating modes. To study the model, MAE of flavonoids from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) leaves was conducted using the heating modes (constant-power, two-steps-power, intermittent-power and constant-temperature) at various microwave power (100-300W) and extraction temperature (50 degrees C and 70 degrees C). The results shows that the model (b = 0.5595 and k' = 0.01279 mL/J) is able to predict …
Reactive Distillation: A Review Of Optimal Design Using Deterministic And Stochastic Techniques, Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández, Salvador Hernández, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet
Reactive Distillation: A Review Of Optimal Design Using Deterministic And Stochastic Techniques, Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández, Salvador Hernández, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet
Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet
In the last years, the industries have shown interest in the development of reactive separation processes. Reactive distillation can be considered as reaction and distillation combined into one new unit operation and this integrated separation process is a good example of process intensification. This intensified process offers several important advantages that include the increment of the reaction yield and selectivity, the overcoming of thermodynamic restrictions and the considerable reduction in energy, water and solvent consumptions. Therefore, this process configuration has been applied in several chemical industries. However, due to the strong interactions of chemical reactions and heat and mass transfer, …
Estimation Of The Effect Of Catalyst Physical Characteristics On Fenton-Like Oxidation Efficiency Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Computing Technique
Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya
Catalyst size, which determines surface area, is one of the major factors in catalytic performance. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were applied to quantify the effects of physical characteristics of magnetite on Fenton-like oxidation efficiency of methylene blue. For this purpose, two magnetite samples (M and N) were used and characterized by XRD, BET surface area, particle size analyzer and FE-SEM. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to design the experiments, develop regression models, optimize and evaluate the individual and interactive effects of five independent variables: H2O2 and catalyst concentrations, pH, …
Effect Of Using Adjusted Parameters, Local And Global Optimums, For Phase Equilibrium Prediction On The Synthesis Of Azeotropic Distillation Columns, Claudia Gutierrez-Antonio, Andrea Ojeda-Gasca, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet, Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández, Abel Briones-Ramírez
Effect Of Using Adjusted Parameters, Local And Global Optimums, For Phase Equilibrium Prediction On The Synthesis Of Azeotropic Distillation Columns, Claudia Gutierrez-Antonio, Andrea Ojeda-Gasca, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet, Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández, Abel Briones-Ramírez
Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet
We analyze the effect of using adjusted parameters, corresponding to local and global optimums, in the NRTL thermodynamic model on the complete process synthesis (design, optimization and control) of homogeneous azeotropic distillation columns. The adjusted parameters that corresponding to a global optimum were obtained with simulated annealing technique, while the adjusted parameters that corresponding to a local optimum were taken from Dechema Collection. Both sets of parameters were used to design a conventional sequence, a side-stream column and a Petlyuk sequence. These designs were used as initial solution to a multiobjective genetic algorithm with constraints handling, coupled to a processes …
Comparison Study Of Different Ionic Liquid Pretreatments In Maximizing Total Reducing Sugars Recovery, Kiat Moon Lee, Gek Cheng Ngoh Dr, Adeline Seak May Chua Dr, Li Wan Yoon, Teck Nam Ang Dr., Min Gyu Lee Prof
Comparison Study Of Different Ionic Liquid Pretreatments In Maximizing Total Reducing Sugars Recovery, Kiat Moon Lee, Gek Cheng Ngoh Dr, Adeline Seak May Chua Dr, Li Wan Yoon, Teck Nam Ang Dr., Min Gyu Lee Prof
Teck Nam Ang Dr.
A process scheme combining the most suitable ionic liquid pretreatment, followed by solid acid and enzymatic saccharification was used to maximize the reducing sugars recovery from sago waste. Three types of ionic liquids, i.e. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ([EMIM][(EtO)2PO2]) were evaluated based on their performance in terms of the total reducing sugars recovery, chemical cost, and pretreatment energy requirement. The results showed that all the ionic liquids assisted the saccharification processes by dissolving and depolymerizing the carbohydrates of the sago waste into shorter chain soluble oligosaccharides, as well as disrupting the biomass structure …
Optimizing The Sterilization Process Of Canned Food Using Temperature Distribution Studies, Ibrahim M. Ismail, Alaa Fahmy, Ahmed Azab, Magdy Abadir, Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen
Optimizing The Sterilization Process Of Canned Food Using Temperature Distribution Studies, Ibrahim M. Ismail, Alaa Fahmy, Ahmed Azab, Magdy Abadir, Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen
Seif-Eddeen K Fateen
The thermal processing of canned food is the most important step in the canning procedure. Retort operating procedures must ensure that uniform processing temperature is achieved and maintained throughout the locations of the canned containers during the process. In this study, temperature distribution tests have been used as a means of verifying the temperature uniformity around the containers. These studies were carried out in two Egyptian canning plants in horizontal water-immersion and water-spray retorts under fully loaded operating conditions. Time-temperature data gathered were used as a guidance tool in improving temperature distribution and in optimizing the process schedule.
Design, Optimization And Control Of An Alternative Process Based On Extractive Distillation For The Sweetening Of Natural Gas, Carlos E. Torres-Ortega, Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernandez, Fernado I. Gomez-Castro, Salvador Hernandez, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet, Ben-Guang Rong, Massimiliano Errico
Design, Optimization And Control Of An Alternative Process Based On Extractive Distillation For The Sweetening Of Natural Gas, Carlos E. Torres-Ortega, Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernandez, Fernado I. Gomez-Castro, Salvador Hernandez, Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet, Ben-Guang Rong, Massimiliano Errico
Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet
Alternative configurations based on cryogenic extractive distillation for the natural gas sweetening process were proposed and simulated by using Aspen Plus One 7.0 coupled to a multi-objective stochastic optimization procedure (Differential Evolution, DE). The evaluation of the performances of the proposed configurations was focused on the carbon dioxide-ethane azeotrope separation considering different liquefied hydrocarbon fractions as entrainers. The design alternatives were compared to the conventional chemical absorption system. The proposed sequences were simultaneously optimized by minimizing the Total Annual Cost (TAC) and maximizing the acid gas removal. Complementary studies regarding the theoretical control properties, thermodynamic efficiency and greenhouse gases generation …
Optimization And Modeling Of Extraction Of Solid Coconut Waste Oil, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Optimization And Modeling Of Extraction Of Solid Coconut Waste Oil, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Solid coconut waste was produced after coconut milk extraction process and may still contain up to 24 wt.% oil content. In this work, extraction of oil from coconut waste using batch and soxhlet extractor was studied. Effect of particle size diameter, type of solvent and solvent to solid ratio on the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters; entropy, enthalpy and free energy of extraction were investigated. The maximum oil yields for soxhlet and batch reactor were 23.6% at 80 °C and 21.9% at 65 °C, respectively for particle size diameter <0.5 mm when hexane was used as solvent. The kinetic of coconut waste oil extraction was found to be a first order mass transfer model. The ΔG, ΔS and ΔH values were 10.94–13.35 kJ/mol, 33.10–39.57 J/mol K and 0.12–1.25 kJ/mol, respectively shows that the extraction process was spontaneous, irreversible and endothermic based on thermodynamic parameters.
Comparative Study Of Various Pretreatment Reagents On Rice Husk And Structural Changes Assessment Of The Optimised Pretreated Rice Husk, Teck Nam Ang Dr., Gek Cheng Ngoh Dr, Adeline Seak May Chua Dr
Comparative Study Of Various Pretreatment Reagents On Rice Husk And Structural Changes Assessment Of The Optimised Pretreated Rice Husk, Teck Nam Ang Dr., Gek Cheng Ngoh Dr, Adeline Seak May Chua Dr
Teck Nam Ang Dr.
The performance of alkalis (NaOH and Ca(OH)2) and acids (H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4, CH3COOH, and HNO3) in the pretreatment of rice husk was screened, and a suitable reagent was assessed for subsequent optimisation using response surface methodology. From the assessment, HCl that hydrolysed rice husk well was optimised with three parameters (HCl loading, pretreatment duration, and temperature) using Box-Behnken Design. The optimised condition (0.5% (w/v) HCl loading, 125oC, 1.5 hours) is relatively mild, and resulted in ~22.3 mg TRS/ml hydrolysate. The reduced model developed has good predictability, where the predicted and experimental results differ by only 2%. The comprehensive structural characterization …
Reactive Extraction Of Solid Coconut Waste To Produce Biodiesel, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Reactive Extraction Of Solid Coconut Waste To Produce Biodiesel, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel produced using transesterification method where edible or non edible oil and alcohol reacts in the presence of catalyst. Biodiesel is expensive than fossil fuels because of higher raw material and production costs. Solid coconut waste is an alternative raw material from waste and suitable for biodiesel production to lower the production cost. Solid coconut waste is produced after coconut milk extraction and may still contain 17–24 wt% extractable oil content. This study introduces reactive extraction of solid coconut waste for biodiesel production. Effects of catalyst amount, KOH (0.8–2.0%), temperature (55–65 °C) and mixing intensity …
Elucidation Of The Effect Of Ionic Liquid Pretreatment On Rice Husk Via Structural Analyses, Teck Nam Ang Dr., Gek Cheng Ngoh Dr, Adeline Seak May Chua Dr, Min Gyu Lee Prof
Elucidation Of The Effect Of Ionic Liquid Pretreatment On Rice Husk Via Structural Analyses, Teck Nam Ang Dr., Gek Cheng Ngoh Dr, Adeline Seak May Chua Dr, Min Gyu Lee Prof
Teck Nam Ang Dr.
Background: In the present study, three ionic liquids, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]OAc), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ([EMIM]DEP), were used to partially dissolve rice husk, after which the cellulose were regenerated by the addition of water. The aim of the investigation is to examine the implications of the ionic liquid pretreatments on rice husk composition and structure. Results: From the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results, the regenerated cellulose were more amorphous, less crystalline, and possessed higher structural disruption compared with untreated rice husk. The major component …
Potassium Hydroxide Catalyst Supported On Palm Shell Activated Carbon For Transesterification Of Palm Oil, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Potassium Hydroxide Catalyst Supported On Palm Shell Activated Carbon For Transesterification Of Palm Oil, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
In this study, potassium hydroxide catalyst supported on palm shell activated carbon was developed for transesterification of palm oil. The Central Composite Design (CCD) of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading and methanol to oil molar ratio on the production of biodiesel using activated carbon supported catalyst. The highest yield was obtained at 64.1 °C reaction temperature, 30.3 wt.% catalyst loading and 24:1 methanol to oil molar ratio. The physical and chemical properties of the produced biodiesel met the standard specifications. This study proves that activated carbon supported potassium hydroxide …
Process Modeling And Optimization Strategies, Sandip K. Lahiri
Process Modeling And Optimization Strategies, Sandip K. Lahiri
Dr. Sandip Kumar Lahiri
This paper presents artificial intelligence-based process modeling and optimization strategies, namely, support vector regression – differential evolution (SVR-DE) for modeling and optimization of catalytic industrial ethylene oxide (EO) reactor. In the SVR-DE approach, a support vector regression model is constructed for correlating process data comprising values of operating and performance variables. Next, model inputs describing process operating variables are optimized using Differential Evolution (DE) with a view to maximize the process performance. DE possesses certain unique advantages over the commonly used gradient-based deterministic optimization algorithms. The SVR-DE is a new strategy for chemical process modeling and optimization. The major advantage …
Process Modeling And Optimization Strategies Integrating Neural Networks And Differential Evolution, Nadeem Muhammed Khalfe
Process Modeling And Optimization Strategies Integrating Neural Networks And Differential Evolution, Nadeem Muhammed Khalfe
Nadeem Khalfe
This article presents an artificial intelligence-based process modeling and optimization strategy, namely artificial neural networks—differential evolution (ANN-DE) for modeling and optimizing catalytic industrial ethylene oxide (EO) reactors. In the ANN-DE approach, an artificial neural network model is constructed for correlating process data comprising values of operating and performance variables. Next, model inputs describing process operating variables are optimized using DEs with a view to maximizing the process performance. The DE possesses certain unique advantages over the commonly used gradient-based deterministic optimization algorithms. The ANN-DE is a new strategy for chemical process modeling and optimization. The major advantage of the strategy …
Modelling And Optimization Of Catalytic-Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Reactor For Methane And Carbon Dioxide Conversion Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network – Genetic Algorithm Technique, Istadi, Nor Aishah Saidina Amin
Modelling And Optimization Of Catalytic-Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Reactor For Methane And Carbon Dioxide Conversion Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network – Genetic Algorithm Technique, Istadi, Nor Aishah Saidina Amin
Istadi
A hybrid Artificial Neural Network - Genetic Algorithm (ANN-GA) was developed to model, simulate and optimize the catalytic-dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor. Effects of CH4/CO2 feed ratio, total feed flow rate, discharge voltage and reactor wall temperature on the performance of the reactor was investigated by the ANN-based model simulation. Pareto optimal solutions and the corresponding optimal operating parameter range based on multi-objectives can be suggested for two cases, i.e. simultaneous maximization of CH4 conversion and C2+ selectivity (Case 1), and H2 selectivity and H2/CO ratio (Case 2). It can be concluded that the hybrid catalytic-dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor …