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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Anion Exchange And Bipolar Membranes For Electrochemical Energy Conversion And Storage, Zhongyang Wang
Anion Exchange And Bipolar Membranes For Electrochemical Energy Conversion And Storage, Zhongyang Wang
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Anion exchange and bipolar membrane fuel cells generate electrical energy directly from chemical fuels and have attracted considerable interests as alternate power sources for large market applications, such as transportation (hydrogen fuel cells) and unmanned vehicles (sodium borohydride fuel cells). Anion exchange membrane (AEM), generally composed of a polymer with covalently tethered ionic groups, is the central component of the fuel cell serving as the electrolyte, conducting hydroxide ions from cathode to anode, where fast ionic conduction is directly related to power output. However, AEMs currently used in fuel cells (H2 fuel cells and sodium borohydride fuel cells) exhibit ion …
Contemporary Problems In Aerosol Aggregation And Gelation, Pai Liu
Contemporary Problems In Aerosol Aggregation And Gelation, Pai Liu
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Aggregation of nanoparticles in aerosols is a fundamental phenomenon with important implications to diverse fields ranging from material synthesis to pollutant control. The past few decades have witnessed extensive research on investigating the structure and growth mechanism of aerosol aggregates with sizes spanning across several orders of magnitude. This dissertation focuses on some contemporary problems that remain unaddressed in this topical area. Aerosol aggregates in sub-micron regimes, which are formed via the irreversible collision and aggregation of solid nanoparticle monomers, are fractal-like in their morphology. A mathematical description of this seemingly random structure dates to the seminal works by Forest …
Corrosion-Resistant Non-Carbon Electrocatalyst Supports For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Cheng He
Corrosion-Resistant Non-Carbon Electrocatalyst Supports For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Cheng He
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a promising portable power source due to their low operating temperature, minimal pollutant generation and fast startup. However, several challenges remain concerning lifetime, reliability, and cost. A critical issue is PEMFC component durability. Platinum supported on high surface area carbon has been one of the most widely used electrocatalysts in PEMFCs. However, carbon corrosion over the course of normal PEMFC operation occurs due to the relatively low standard electrode potential for the carbon dioxide/carbon redox couple (0.207V vs. standard hydrogen electrode). Considering this challenge, it is imperative to identify alternative support materials to …
The Role Of Multi-Charged Responses: Construction And Application Of A Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (Tdma), Christopher Ray Oxford
The Role Of Multi-Charged Responses: Construction And Application Of A Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (Tdma), Christopher Ray Oxford
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Atmospheric aerosols impact health outcomes, visibility, and the energy balance of the earth. The atmosphere contains a variety of compounds, and the volatility (phase change enthalpy and vapor pressure) of each compound determines its partitioning between the gas phase and the particle phase. The hygroscopicity (an aerosol’s affinity for water) of an atmospheric aerosol particle is determined by the many compounds present in the particle, and thus, the volatility impacts hygroscopicity. Changes in hygroscopicity alter the fraction of the aerosol deposited in the lungs and the fraction of the aerosol activated into cloud droplets. Thus, understanding the volatility and hygroscopicity …
Ph-Sensitive Oxygen Release Microspheres To Enhance Cell Survival In Ischemic Condition, Zhongting Liu
Ph-Sensitive Oxygen Release Microspheres To Enhance Cell Survival In Ischemic Condition, Zhongting Liu
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Ischemic diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke and limb ischemia are severe cardiovascular diseases with high rate of death and millions of people suffered from these diseases. Under ischemic environment, cells die due to deficient supply of nutrient and oxygen. To regenerate ischemic tissues, stem cell therapy is a promising approach because stem cells can differentiate into cells necessary for the regeneration. However, stem cell therapy has limitations. For example, few cells can survive under harsh ischemic environment. To enhance stem cells survival, implantation of oxygen release microspheres to sustained supply cells with oxygen represents an effective strategy. Previously, our …
Modeling The Effects Of Distribution System Topology On Water Quality, Chun-Ying Chao
Modeling The Effects Of Distribution System Topology On Water Quality, Chun-Ying Chao
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Inadequate treatment of drinking water causes the formation of disinfection by-products and the regrowth of harmful microbial species. Various studies have addressed the problem of water quality monitoring, but very few have employed topological analysis, a valuable mathematical tool widely applied in biological, business, and social research. This thesis examines the relationship between the topological properties of water distribution systems and water-quality models. In particular, the research proposes a novel framework for mapping network topological attributes to water-quality models. This research adopts topological metrics to assess the accuracy of the predictions of chlorine concentrations in dead ends. It examines four …
Role Of Submicrometer Particles In Advanced Technologies Of Carbon Capture, Zhichao Li
Role Of Submicrometer Particles In Advanced Technologies Of Carbon Capture, Zhichao Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Oxy-combustion and post-combustion carbon capture technologies are two of the most promising strategies for carbon capture and storage (CCS), which is a commonly accepted approach to address the challenge of climate change. Pressurized oxy-combustion has been actively studied due to its great potential to enhance the power plant energy efficiency by recovering latent heat from water vapor condensation without incurring additional gas compression cost. On the other hand, amine-based CO2 scrubbers have been demonstrated to have high removal efficiency of CO2 with the possibility to recycle amine solutions, which makes the technology a promising candidate for post-combustion carbon capture. Nonetheless, …
Role Of Submicrometer Particles In Advanced Technologies Of Carbon Capture, Zhichao Li
Role Of Submicrometer Particles In Advanced Technologies Of Carbon Capture, Zhichao Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Oxy-combustion and post-combustion carbon capture technologies are two of the most promising strategies for carbon capture and storage (CCS), which is a commonly accepted approach to address the challenge of climate change. Pressurized oxy-combustion has been actively studied due to its great potential to enhance the power plant energy efficiency by recovering latent heat from water vapor condensation without incurring additional gas compression cost. On the other hand, amine-based CO2 scrubbers have been demonstrated to have high removal efficiency of CO2 with the possibility to recycle amine solutions, which makes the technology a promising candidate for post-combustion carbon capture. Nonetheless, …
Exploring Methodologies To Improve Lignin Utilization In Biorefineries, James Meyer
Exploring Methodologies To Improve Lignin Utilization In Biorefineries, James Meyer
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The increasing world population, coupled with an improving quality of life, has driven a rapidly increasing demand for fuels, chemicals, and materials. Fossil carbon feedstocks, such as petroleum, are currently being consumed to meet these demands. The utilization of these feedstocks has negative impacts on human and environmental health, which are undoubtedly intensifying as a result of the increased reliance required to meet these demands. As an alternative way to meet these demands, biorefineries generate a wide range of fuels, chemicals, and materials from biomass, a renewable and sustainable resource. Current second-generation biorefineries use a plant-based feedstock, lignocellulosic biomass, comprised …