Analysis Of Grain Screenings By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Guilin Jiang, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Larry Lin Baxter, Matthew R. Linford

Faculty Publications

Determining the chemical structure and composition of biomass fuels using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS can provide fundamental knowledge of their structures that is useful in understanding and predicting their combustion behavior. Grain screenings are an example of an agricultural residue byproduct of food and feed production of potential interest for biomass combustion. The XPS spectra of grain screenings provide both its elemental composition and indications of its bonding. Traditional fuel analyses of this fuel are also provided. These include: ultimate analysis — the elemental composition of the overall fuel C, H, N, S, and O; chlorine analysis — reported here …

Analysis Of Sugar Beet Pulp By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Guilin Jiang, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Larry Lin Baxter, Matthew R. Linford

Faculty Publications

Determining the chemical structure and composition of biomass fuels using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS can provide fundamental knowledge of their structures that is useful in understanding and predicting their combustion behavior. Sugar beet pulp is an example of an agricultural residue byproduct of food and feed production of potential interest for biomass combustion. The XPS spectra of sugar beet pulp provide both its elemental composition and indications of its bonding. Traditional fuel analyses of this fuel are also provided. These include: ultimate analysis — the elemental composition of the overall fuel C, H, N, S, and O; chlorine analysis — …

Analysis Of Sunflower Shells By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Guilin Jiang, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Larry Lin Baxter, Matthew R. Linford

Faculty Publications

Determining the chemical structure and composition of biomass fuels using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can provide fundamental knowledge of their structures that is useful in understanding and predicting their combustion behavior. Sunflower shells are an example of an agricultural residue (byproduct of food and feed production) of potential interest for biomass combustion. The XPS spectra of sunflower shells provide both its elemental composition and indications of its bonding. Traditional fuel analyses of this fuel are also provided. These include: ultimate analysis — the elemental composition of the overall fuel (C, H, N, S, and O); chlorine analysis — reported here …

Analysis Of Sawdust By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Guilin Jiang, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Larry Lin Baxter, Matthew R. Linford

Faculty Publications

Determining the chemical structure and composition of biomass fuels using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS can provide fundamental knowledge of their structures that is useful in understanding and predicting their combustion behavior. Sawdust is an example of a forest product residue byproduct of paper and lumber production of potential interest for biomass combustion. The XPS spectra of sawdust provide both its elemental composition and indications of its bonding. Traditional fuel analyses of this fuel are also provided. These include: ultimate analysis — the elemental composition of the overall fuel C, H, N, S, and O; chlorine analysis — reported here as …

Research Article| December 30 2005 Analysis Of Shea Nut Shells By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Guilin Jiang, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Larry Lin Baxter, Matthew R. Linford

Faculty Publications

Determining the chemical structure and composition of biomass fuels using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can provide fundamental knowledge of their structures that is useful in understanding and predicting their combustion behavior. Shea nut shells are an example of an agricultural residue (byproduct of food and feed production) of potential interest for biomass combustion. The XPS spectra of shea nut shells provide both its elemental composition and indications of its bonding. Traditional fuel analyses of this fuel are also provided. These include: ultimate analysis — the elemental composition of the overall fuel (C, H, N, S, and O); chlorine analysis — …

Analysis Of Straw By X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Guilin Jiang, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Larry Lin Baxter, Matthew R. Linford

Faculty Publications

Determining the chemical structure and composition of biomass fuels using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS can provide fundamental knowledge of their structures that is useful in understanding and predicting their combustion behavior. Straw is an example of an agricultural residue byproduct of food and feed production of potential interest for biomass combustion. The XPS spectra of straw provide both its elemental composition and indications of its bonding. Traditional fuel analyses of this fuel are also provided. These include: ultimate analysis — the elemental composition of the overall fuel C, H, N, S, and O; chlorine analysis — reported here as part …

Experimental Study Of The Solids Velocity Field In Gas-Solid Risers, Satish Bhusarapu, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan, Milorad P. Duduković, Steven Trujillo, Timothy J. O'Hern

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Solids Flow Dynamics in Gas-Solid Risers is Inherently Complex. Model Refinement through Experimental Validation Requires the Acquisition of Detailed Nonintrusive Measurements. in This Study, Noninvasive Computer-Automated Radioactive Particle Tracking (CARPT) is Employed to Visualize and Quantify in a Three-Dimensional Domain the Solids Dynamics and Mixing in Gas-Solid Risers. This Technique Has the Added Advantage that, along with the Derived Eulerian Solids Flow Field (Time-Average Velocity Map and Various Turbulence Parameters Such as the Reynolds Stresses, Turbulent Kinetic Energy), It Also Provides Directly the Lagrangian Description of the Solids Motion. the Solids Velocity Field Data Are Obtained in Two Different Risers …

54th Spsj Annual Meeting Yokohama, Japan, May 25-27, 2005, Jane C. Vogl, Hiroyuki Ohno

Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery

No abstract provided.

Isolation And Thermodynamic Characterization Of Aminoglycoside Nucleotidyltransferase (2″)-Ia, Roger Edward Wright

Doctoral Dissertations

Aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase(2″)-Ia is one of the most important aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Because of the difficulties in isolating this enzyme with a high level of purity, very little work has been reported for this enzyme. A procedure for obtaining this enzyme with a purity level of greater than 95% from inclusion bodies was developed. The optimal conditions for isolating ANT(2″) were solubilizing the inclusion bodies in 8 M urea followed by direct dilution of the enzyme into 0.1 M Tris-HCl pH 8.5, 0.2 M KCl, 0.4 ML-arginine and 5 mM reduced glutathione at 4°C. The determination of an effective method of obtaining …

Liquid Crystals Confined In Nanoporous Silica, Yang Gao

Doctoral Dissertations

Confinement has a nontrivial effect on a condensed matter system due to the finite size effect, the surface effect and the induced disorder. Different techniques such as calorimetric measurement, dielectric spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray scattering and quasi-elastic neutron scattering have been widely used to study this important topic. Confined liquid crystals (LCs) have attracted great attention in particular because they are a soft system and their physical properties are more easily affected by the geometrical confinement (entropic) effect and the surface interaction (energetic) effect. In this paper, we study the phase transitions and dynamic behavior of LCs, 5CB and …

Quantitative Elucidation Of A Distinct Spatial Gradient-Sensing Mechanism In Fibroblasts, Ian C. Schneider, Jason M. Haugh

Ian C. Schneider

Migration of eukaryotic cells toward a chemoattractant often relies on their ability to distinguish receptor-mediated signaling at different subcellular locations, a phenomenon known as spatial sensing. A prominent example that is seen during wound healing is fibroblast migration in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) gradients. As in the well-characterized chemotactic cells Dictyostelium discoideum and neutrophils, signaling to the cytoskeleton via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway in fibroblasts is spatially polarized by a PDGF gradient; however, the sensitivity of this process and how it is regulated are unknown. Through a quantitative analysis of mathematical models and live cell total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy …

54th Spsj Annual Meeting Yokohama, Japan, May 25-27, 2005, Jane C. Vogl, Hiroyuki Ohno

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Bench Scale Evaluation Of Dense Ceramic Membranes For Production Of High Purity Hydrogen From Gasification, Binay Kumar Singh

Masters Theses

Gasification for production of hydrogen and other useful gases, has achieved increasing importance in recent years. The reactions involved in gasification are favored at high temperatures and they are also limited by thermodynamic equilibrium. The development of membranes which can separate these gases under gasifier exit gas condition will significantly improve process efficiency and economics and simultaneously provide for the recovery of valuable gases. The availability of a membrane with adequate hydrogen selectivity and good thermal and mechanical stability is the key for the successful application of membrane technology in hydrogen production and separation. This work introduces a special method …

A Microreactor System For Measuring Size Selectivity In Porous Wo3 Sensor Materials, Meng Lu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Our interest in studying reactions catalyzed by high surface area W0₃ powders is based on their potential application as the active material in sensors for low level (ppb) detection of flammable or toxic gases. A series of porous W0₃ powders with both meso- and micro-porosity have been synthesized by Waghe and Tripp. Preliminary results of the response of sensors fabricated from these materials indicated the possibility of size selectivity on the molecular scale. To provide support for the hypothesis of size selectivity and understand the reaction kinetics of alcohols over the new porous W0₃ powders for sensor …

Temperature Control Of The Online Rheological Sensor, Larry Scott Spencer

Masters Theses

Rheometers are devices that can be used to measure the rheological properties of polymers. Online rheometers test for rheological properties during a polymer process. Real-time rheological data would eliminate any time delays that accompany off-line rheometers and would provide the feedback information needed for tighter polymer process control. A real-time control system would eliminate the need for an offline rheometer to analyze polymer product properties, thus saving both time and money.

The Online Rheological Sensor was used to estimate the shear and elongational viscosities of a polymer from measured variables during processing. The Online Rheological Sensor was mounted on a …

Kinetics Of Cellulose Dissolution In N-Methyl Morpholine-N-Oxide And Evaporative Processes Of Similar Solutions, John William Tierney

Masters Theses

The lyocell process is an environmentally friendly process for producing regenerated cellulose fibers, but is not entirely understood. The lyocell process uses the hygroscopic solvent N-methyl morpholine N-oxide (NMMO) to dissolve cellulose; the resulting solution is often termed a lyocell solution [1-4]. It is the objective of this study to better understand the process by which cellulose dissolves and the nature of lyocell solutions. By observing the disappearance of cellulose fibers into the solvent, rate data may be obtained from which kinetic parameters may be developed. Additionally an independent method for determining the concentration of cellulose in lyocell solutions was …

Green Engineering And Gate-To Gate Life Cycle Assessments For Pharmaceutical Products, Daniel Fichana

Theses and Dissertations

The research of this thesis focused on the environmental and processing metrics during the development of two different drugs. Previous research in life cycle assessments and green engineering have focused on other products and processes, but only a limited amount of studies have been conducted for pharmaceutical applications. This analysis concerned a gate-to-gate analysis of two distinct pharmaceutical products along with the development of a solvent selection table. The goal of this research was to determine how various processing and environmental metrics were affected by process improvements.

The first drug was the pravastatin, which was made via a fermentation route. …

A New Method For The Rapid Calculation Of Finely-Gridded Reservoir Simulation Pressures, Benjamin Arik Hardy

Theses and Dissertations

A new method for the determination of finely-gridded reservoir simulation pressures has been developed. It is estimated to be as much as hundreds to thousands of times faster than other methods for very large reservoir simulation grids. The method extends the work of Weber et al. Weber demonstrated accuracies for the pressure solution normally requiring millions of cells using traditional finite-difference equations with only hundreds of cells. This was accomplished through the use of finite-difference equations that incorporate the physics of the flow. Although these coarse-grid solutions achieve accuracies normally requiring orders of magnitude more resolution, their coarse resolution does …

Reactivity Study Of Platinum Nanoparticles And Nanowires Inside The Channels Of Mesoporous Silica, Marcus R. Smith

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

Pt metal nanowires and nanoparticles were prepared using mesoporous silica as the template. Mesoporous silica with straight 1-dimensional, tortuous 1-dimensional and 3-dimensional channels was used. The experimental techniques included CO oxidation, Chemisorption, XRD, and STEM. CO oxidation and chemisorption provided the data to calculate the intrinsic reactivity, known as turn over frequency (TOF). Powder XRD was used to measure line broadening. The FWHM of the XRD line broadening was used with the Scherrer formula to determine Pt metal crystallite size. STEM images permitted for the measurement of the particle diameters, and the determination of morphology.

Two commercially available reference samples …

A Continuous Operation For Electroreduction Of Oxalic Acid To Glyoxylic Acid, Xiao-Hui Hu, Xiang-Fei Yan, Yu-Zhong Su, Jun Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

A simulative-continuous-operation approach was proposed to study the continuous operation for electroreduction of oxalic acid to gloxylic acid using a packed bed reactor and a parallel reactor with cooled cathode in order to solve the low productivity problem in current state by using traditional reactor.The effects of the concentration of oxalic acid and temperature on this process were also studied.Results showed that,after 30min of the reaction(residence time),the mass fraction of the produced glyoxylic acid in the catholic solution could reach 3.76% and 3.66% with respect to a saturated oxalic acid method and a step-temperature decreasing method.From this study,we conclude that …

The Deactivation Mechanism Of Metal Oxide Anodes Under Alternative Current Electrolysis Condition, Jun-Tao Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The metal oxide anodes coated on titanium used in seawater electrolysis were prepared by thermal decomposition.Their morphologies、compositions and phase structures were determined by scanning electron microscope(SEM)、energy dispersive X-ray detector(EDX) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The electrochemical properties of the anodes were characterized by accelerated life test,cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.SEM、EDX and XRD showed that solid solution structures of(Ru,Ir,Ti)O_(2)and(Ir,Ti)O_(2) were formed after pyrolysis,the solid solution structures and active components were disappeared after the deactivation of the anodes.Electrochemical results indicated that the active area decreased and the coating resistance increased,which are resulted by active component falling off from the anode surfaces.Hence,the deactivation of the …

The Electrocatalystic Investigation Of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid On The Modified Multiply Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Ming-Qi Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical behavior of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid(DHBA)on modified multiply wall carbon nanotubes electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry(CV) and square wave voltammetry(SWV).Results show that in 0.1 mol/L HCl solutions the modified carbon nanotube electrode has an obvious electrocatalytic effect on the oxidation and deoxidization of DHBA.The oxidation current of DHBA is linear to it's concentration in the range of 4.0×10~(-6)～1.0×10~(-4) mol/L and 2.0×10~(-4)～8.0×10~(-4)1mol/L with correlation coefficient of 0.9995 and 0.9992.The detection limit is 1.0 ×10~(-6)mol/ L.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells-Materials And Prospects, Molenda Janina, Marzec Jacek

Journal of Electrochemistry

The paper summarizes and discusses the basic properties of solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) components(electrode materials and electrolyte) from the point of view of their essential functional parameters suck as chemicalstability,transport,catalytic and thermomechanical properties under operational conditions in a SOFC.An interrela-tion between the defect structure of these materials related to oxygen nonstoichiometry and their electronic propertiesand catalytic activity was shown.Single-chamber fuel cell concept was also presented.

Electrochemical Oxidation Of Organic Additives In Tin Plating Electrolytes, Yin-Mei Cheng, Lan-Kun Cai, Qiang Song

Journal of Electrochemistry

Cyclic voltammetry(CV) was used to characterize the voltammetric behaviours of organic additives,e.g.PSA(phenolsulfonic acid)、EN(ethoxylatedα-naphthol) and ENSA(ethoxylatedα-naphthol sulfonic acid),on the anode surface.In PSA solutions,an anodic peak was obtained and the peak potential was about 1.2V.In EN and ENSA solutions,two anodic peaks were obtained and the peak potentials were about(0.95V) and 1.3V.The products of galvanostatic electrolysis were separated by HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography) and analyzed by EI/MS(electron ionizing mass spectrometry).The mechnism of the electrochemical oxidation was also disussed.

Act/Sger: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Nitrides On Nano-Particles For Enhanced Energy Conversion To Combat Terrorism, William J. Desisto

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

William J. DeSisto, University of Maine, will apply atomic layer deposition reactions to passivate nanoparticles. These coated nanoparticles will be used in next-generation, high energy density, compact energy storage devices. Initial experiments will focus on coating nano-sized lithium-ion battery anodes with titanium nitride. Miniaturized batteries using these anodes will be fabricated and evaluated by industrial collaborators at Yardley/Lithion Technical Products.

This award is supported jointly by the NSF Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences and the Intelligence Community. The Approaches to Combat Terrorism Program supports new concepts in basic research and workforce development with the potential to contribute to national …

Mpsa Effects On Copper Electrodeposition: Understanding Molecular Behavior At The Electrochemical Interface, Clint Gordon Guymon

Theses and Dissertations

In this work the structure of the electrochemical metal-liquid interface is determined through use of quantum mechanics, molecular simulation, and experiment. Herein are profiled the molecular dynamics details and results of solid-liquid interfaces at flat non-specific solid surfaces and copper metal electrodes. Ab initio quantum-mechanical calculations are reported and define the interatomic potentials in the simulations. Some of the quantum-mechanical calculations involve small copper clusters interacting with 3-mercaptopropanesulfonic acid (MPSA), sodium, chloride, bisulfate and cuprous ions. In connection with these I develop the electrode charge dynamics (ECD) routine to treat the charge mobility in a metal. ECD bridges the gap …

Design Of Product Placement Layout In Retail Shop Using Market Basket Analysis, Isti Surjandari, Annury Citra Seruni

Makara Journal of Technology

Retailing is an industry with high level of competition. It is a customer-based industry which depends on how it could be aware of what the customers’ needs and requirements are. One technique most used in supermarkets is the mix merchandise. The purpose of this paper is to identify associated products, which then grouped in mix merchandise with the use of market basket analysis. This association between products then will be applied in the design layout of the product in the supermarket. The process of identifying the related products bought together in one transaction is done by using data mining technique. …

Design Of Generating Dual Frequency Operation For Triangular Microstrip Antenna Using Electromagnetic Coupling, Indra Surjati, Eko Tjipto Rahardjo, Djoko Hartanto

Makara Journal of Technology

Design of Generating Dual Frequency Operation for Triangular Microstrip Antenna Using Electromagnetic Coupling. A new design is proposed in this paper by applying a pair of slits using a microstrip feed line. Therefore the microstrip line feeding system is electromagnetically coupled to the patch. The antenna works at two different frequencies in the range from 2 GHz to 4 GHz (S band frequency). The results of the simulation shows that the dual frequency operation can be created when the slit width is 1 mm and the height of the slits ranges from 10 mm to 14 mm with inter slit …

Production Hydrogen And Nanocarbon Via Methane Decomposition Using Ni-Based Catalysts. Effect Of Acidity And Catalyst Diameter, Widodo W. Purwanto, M. Nasikin, E. Saputra, L. Song

Makara Journal of Technology

Objectives of this research are mainly to study impacts of acidity strength (by varying amount of precipitant and loading Al-Si) and the effect of nickel particle size (by varying calcinations temperature) on decomposition reaction performances. In this research, high-nickel-loaded catalyst is prepared with two methods. Ni-Cu/Al catalysts were prepared with co-precipitation method. While the Ni-Cu/Al-Si catalyst were prepared by combined co-precipitation and sol-gel method. The direct cracking of methane was performed in 8mm quartz fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure and 500-700°C. The main results showed that the Al content of catalyst increases with the increasing amount of precipitant. The …

Design And Implementation Of 1-2 Ghz Stepped Frequency Gpr For Buried Metal Detection, Joko Suryana, Andriyan B. Suksmono, Tati R. Mengko

Makara Journal of Technology

Design and Implementation of 1-2 GHz Stepped Frequency GPR for Buried Metal Detection. In this paper, we describe the design and realization steps of 1 – 2 GHz SFGPR (Stepped Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar) transceiver for metal detection under the ground. Before using prototyped GPR for detecting the metal under the ground, several of calibration processes must be performed, namely phase calibration and monocycle pulse waveform calibration. After completing the calibrations, this prototyped GPR would be ready for detecting a hidden object such as a metal plate 5 cm under the ground in our small test range size 25 cm …