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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Digital Human Models Of People With Disabilities, Ron Hamameh
Digital Human Models Of People With Disabilities, Ron Hamameh
Wayne State University Theses
The current state-of-the-art in Digital Human Modeling (DHM) allows for full simulation and analysis of any task a person is required to perform at home, at work, in the military, in space, in sports, etc. The problem is that the software is missing a very important population: people with physical disabilities. What modifications and enhancements must be made to existing, commercially available DHM software to include this population?
Imaging The Vasculature With Susceptibility Weighted Imaging: Applications And Analysis, Samuel Barnes
Imaging The Vasculature With Susceptibility Weighted Imaging: Applications And Analysis, Samuel Barnes
Wayne State University Dissertations
Modern magnetic resonance imaging sequences allow detailed non-invasive imaging of both the arteries and veins. This work is divided into four sections that examine different applications and analysis of these sequences.
Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) typically generates excellent negative venous contrast. Techniques to generate positive arterial contrast in SWI images without degrading the venous contrast with a single echo are examined. By using high isotropic resolution and high readout bandwidth flow losses can be minimized (generating good arterial contrast) even at the long echo times required for good venous contrast. A downsampling filter is then used to restore lost venous …
Raman Spectroscopic Modeling Of T- Lymphocyte Activation And Detection Of Acute Renal Allograft Rejection, Kristian L. Brown
Raman Spectroscopic Modeling Of T- Lymphocyte Activation And Detection Of Acute Renal Allograft Rejection, Kristian L. Brown
Wayne State University Dissertations
ABSTRACT
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC MODELING OF T-LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION AND DETECTION OF ACUTE RENAL ALLOGRAFT REJECTION
By
KRISTIAN L. BROWN
2010
Advisor: Gregory Auner, PhD
Major: Biomedical Engineering
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy
Despite the advances made in the area of kidney transplantation, the disparity between the demand and available donated organs remains a dominant and unresolved issue. Given the paucity of available renal allografts the preservation of existing grafts is vital. One factor that has negatively impacted renal allograft survival is acute rejection (AR). Traditionally, kidney transplant centers have used elevations in serum creatinine as a screening tool for detecting AR. However, …
Identification Of Neuroblastoma And Its Prognostic Markers Using Raman Spectroscopy, Rachel Kast
Identification Of Neuroblastoma And Its Prognostic Markers Using Raman Spectroscopy, Rachel Kast
Wayne State University Dissertations
Introduction: Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer of infancy. It is one of several peripheral nervous system tumors, including ganglioneuroma, peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and pheochromocytoma. It is commonly situated on the adrenal gland. It displays similar histology to other small round blue cell tumors, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma. One method of judging neuroblastoma aggressiveness uses tumor histology factors, including mitosis-karyorrhexis index, Schwannian stromal development, degree of differentiation, and patient age. Tumor aggressiveness can also be judged based on the amplification of certain genes, including MYCN. Raman spectroscopy is a physics-based method which identifies the biochemical …
Quantification Of Vascular Parametric Indices Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Areen Khaled Al.Bashir
Quantification Of Vascular Parametric Indices Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Areen Khaled Al.Bashir
Wayne State University Dissertations
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a non-invasive method used to evaluate the biological activity in early clinical trials of novel drugs targeting the tumor vasculature using gadolinium-DTPA (Gd) as a contrast agent. However, it has some limitations, such as reproducibility, data acquisition times, the presence of noise, extracting contrast concentration, estimating T1 relaxation and estimating pharmacokinetic parameters.
In this work, a new approach to used fixed T1(0) which provides more reproducible DCE results has been introduced. Using this new algorithm to quantify the vascular changes in DCE-MRI, a pre-clinical renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor model was used to …
Application Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging To Understanding The Pathogenesis Of The X-Linked Leukodystrophy Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease, Jeremy Jerome Laukka
Application Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging To Understanding The Pathogenesis Of The X-Linked Leukodystrophy Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease, Jeremy Jerome Laukka
Wayne State University Dissertations
Myelin is a multilamellar membrane structure surrounding axons in both the CNS and PNS that facilitates nerve conduction. In the CNS, myelin is synthesized by oligodendrocytes, while in the PNS, myelin is synthesized by Schwann cells. In the CNS, Proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1), an integral membrane protein, is the major protein component of myelin, constituting ~50% of myelin protein. Mutations of the PLP1 gene in man cause a spectrum of neurological disease, ranging from the severe Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD), that typically begins during infancy with nystagmus, seizures and hypotonia and evolves into spastic quadriparesis, cognitive impairment and ataxia, to ¡¥pure¡¦ …
Characterizing The Controlled Release Of Glial Cell-Line Derived (Gdnf) Neurotrophic Factor From Encapsulated Schwann Cells, Kristy Broadrick
Characterizing The Controlled Release Of Glial Cell-Line Derived (Gdnf) Neurotrophic Factor From Encapsulated Schwann Cells, Kristy Broadrick
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
CHARACTERIZING THE CONTROLLED RELEASE OF GDNF IN SCHWANN CELLS
by
KRISTY BROADRICK
May 2010
Advisor: Dr. Pamela VandeVord
Major: Biomedical Engineering
Degree: Masters of Science
Controlled expression of glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) can be integrated in the development of a system for repair of injured peripheral nerves. This delivery strategy was demonstrated via inducible GDNF from microencapsulated cells in barium alginate. The Schwann cell line RT4-D6P2T was initially modified utilizing an ecdysone-based stable transfection system to produce RT4-GDNF cells. During construct preparation, it was found that C6 cells (where GDNF cDNA was isolated) make three GDNF …
The Acute And Sub-Acute Effects Of Electrosurgical And Ultrasonic Surgical Devices On The Neurophysiologic Changes Of Sciatic Nerve Function, Anuja Gopalkrishna Vedpathak
The Acute And Sub-Acute Effects Of Electrosurgical And Ultrasonic Surgical Devices On The Neurophysiologic Changes Of Sciatic Nerve Function, Anuja Gopalkrishna Vedpathak
Wayne State University Theses
THE ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE EFFECTS OF ELECTROSURGICAL AND ULTRASONIC SURGICAL DEVICES ON THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES OF SCIATIC NERVE FUNCTION
Since the dawn of medicine, blood loss during surgeries has been one of the major concerns for the surgeons. Iatrogenic blood loss can have several harmful effects on the patient condition. With the rapid development in technology, the blood loss can now be significantly minimized by using a variety of vessel sealing devices that use several energy sources to seal the blood vessels or tissue bundles instead of traditional sutures and clips. These devices can be used in several general, colorectal, …