Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Resveratrol (3)
- Bone marrow (2)
- Colitis (2)
- Multiple myeloma (2)
- Active coping (1)
-
- Allergies (1)
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (1)
- Astrocytic (1)
- Biomechanical (1)
- Calcific aortic valve disease (1)
- Cardiac Outflow (1)
- Cellular pathway (1)
- Cocaine (1)
- Colon cancer (1)
- Colorectal (1)
- Congenital heart defects (1)
- Depression (1)
- Dopamine (1)
- Dysregulated inflammation (1)
- Epigenetic pathway (1)
- Epigenetics (1)
- Epigenome (1)
- Estrogen (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Graft rejection (1)
- Heart failure (1)
- Heterogeneity (1)
- High-fat diet (1)
- Immune response (1)
- Immune system (1)
Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Tissue-Specific Roles Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Ligands In Cardiac Outflow Tract Malformations And Calcific Aortic Valve Disease, Nadia Al-Sammarraie
Tissue-Specific Roles Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Ligands In Cardiac Outflow Tract Malformations And Calcific Aortic Valve Disease, Nadia Al-Sammarraie
Theses and Dissertations
Congenital heart defects and adult calcific aortic valve disease are two of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To date, there is no medical cure and surgical intervention is the main option of treatment. The cardiac outflow tract is the major site for these abnormalities, which are triggered by genetic and/or environmental factors that alter development and/or homeostasis. Recently, significant roles of TGFβ signaling in development of cardiovascular disorders have become more evident in humans, however, the specific requirement of individual TGFβ ligands on the pathogenesis of OFT malformations and diseases remains elusive. In the present work, three …
Astrocyte Sensitivity To Dopamine In Culture And Ex Vivo, Ashley L. Galloway
Astrocyte Sensitivity To Dopamine In Culture And Ex Vivo, Ashley L. Galloway
Theses and Dissertations
Dopamine is critical for processing of reward and etiology of drug addiction. Astrocytes throughout the brain express dopamine receptors, but consequences of astrocytic dopamine receptor signaling are not well established. This thesis illustrates effects of dopamine on cultured astrocytes and astrocytes in brain slices (ex vivo). In striatal cultures, extracellular dopamine triggered changes in astrocytic Ca2+ signaling and rapid concentration-dependent stellation of astrocytic processes that was not a result of dopamine oxidation, but instead relied on both cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent dopamine receptor signaling. To isolate possible mechanisms underlying these structural and functional changes, whole-genome RNA sequencing was …
Role Of Epigenetic, Molecular And Cellular Pathways In The Regulation Of Inflammation, William James Becker
Role Of Epigenetic, Molecular And Cellular Pathways In The Regulation Of Inflammation, William James Becker
Theses and Dissertations
Dysregulated inflammation is at the heart of countless human diseases. Graft rejection is the process by which an organ from an incompatible donor is rejected by the recipient whose immune cells attack the foreign tissue. Colitis is an inflammatory disorder caused by undue chronic inflammation in the colon and rectum that can progress to cancer. Colitis incidence is on the rise, especially in developing nations and Asia; and the list of patients who need organ transplants grow by the day. Therapies for both graft rejection and colitis are limited to immunosuppressive drugs that leaves patients vulnerable to infection, heart disease, …
The Contribution Of Adipose Tissue From Ovariectomized Mice To Colon Cancer, Meredith Smith Carson
The Contribution Of Adipose Tissue From Ovariectomized Mice To Colon Cancer, Meredith Smith Carson
Theses and Dissertations
Obesity is considered a major public health concern worldwide due to the increased incidences of metabolic dysfunction and cancer risk. The obese state is, in part, attributable to the overconsumption of calorie-dense foods commonly seen in a standard Western diet, which aids in the progression of chronic, lowgrade inflammation. The role of estrogen varies depending on menopausal status, where estrogen deficiency coupled with increased visceral fat associated with post-menopause leads to increased secretions of pro-inflammatory adipokines and cytokines. However, the presence of estrogen in a premenopausal state has been shown to attenuate the pro-inflammatory response, which has been demonstrated when …
Effect Of Tcdd, An Environmental Contaminant, On Activation Of Ahr Leading To Induction Of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (Mdscs) And The Ability Of Resveratrol, A Botanical, To Neutralize This Effect, Wurood Hantoosh Neamah
Effect Of Tcdd, An Environmental Contaminant, On Activation Of Ahr Leading To Induction Of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (Mdscs) And The Ability Of Resveratrol, A Botanical, To Neutralize This Effect, Wurood Hantoosh Neamah
Theses and Dissertations
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), is a ligand-activated transcription factor that integrates environmental, dietary, microbial and metabolic cues to control various cellular processes, such as the cell cycle, epithelial barrier function, cell migration and immune function. AhR was discovered as the receptor that binds with high affinity to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and leads to numerous of toxicological outcomes. In the current study, we discovered a critical role played by AhR, following activation by TCDD, in modulating a variety of immunological functions through regulation of epigenetic and microbial pathways. Our data demonstrated that AhR activation triggers MDSC mobilization from bone marrow to peritoneal …
Epigenetic And Purinergic Regulation Of Mast Cells Mediator Release, Zahraa Abdulmohsin Mohammed
Epigenetic And Purinergic Regulation Of Mast Cells Mediator Release, Zahraa Abdulmohsin Mohammed
Theses and Dissertations
Mast cells (MCs) are well known for their implications in allergic reactions. They are also known to have multiple functions in the innate and adaptive immune system. Their activation plays an essential role in many aspects of physiological and pathological conditions. Allergies are considered chronic conditions that affect more than 60 million people in the U.S. These diseases are driven by the activation of MCs in response to IgE-mediated antigen, rendering these cells as targets for the management of allergies and asthma. Therefore, this research considers the understanding of their activation and the regulation of their response to be an …
Interdependent Mechanisms Of Stress Susceptibility, Julie Elaine Finnell
Interdependent Mechanisms Of Stress Susceptibility, Julie Elaine Finnell
Theses and Dissertations
Social stress is a significant risk factor for the emergence of psychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety. While there are a number of commercially available therapeutic options for the treatment of these disorders, these treatments require weeks of continuous use to produce behavioral efficacy. It has also been suggested that these traditional therapies are only marginally effective in producing complete remission, suggesting that our understanding as it pertains to the mechanisms underlying stressinduced behavioral dysfunction is still in its infancy. In the last few years, inflammation has become a major focus in the field of stress and depression as clinical …
Three-Dimensional Plasma Cell Survival Microniche In Multiple Myeloma, Katrina A. Harmon
Three-Dimensional Plasma Cell Survival Microniche In Multiple Myeloma, Katrina A. Harmon
Theses and Dissertations
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of long-lived plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM), which constitute at least 10% of BM cellularity. Normally, long-lived plasma cells make up less than 1% of BM cells. Plasma cells become neoplastic when a clonal PC population produces a monoclonal immunoglobulin protein. A diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is made when there is an increase in monoclonal PCs within the BM, but less than 10%, and the patient does not present with end-organ damage, which is associated with active MM. Though not considered …
Beneficial Effects Of Resveratrol Against Colitis And Colorectal Cancer Mediated By The Host Microbiome, Epigenome, And Immune Response, Haider Rasheed Daham Alrafas
Beneficial Effects Of Resveratrol Against Colitis And Colorectal Cancer Mediated By The Host Microbiome, Epigenome, And Immune Response, Haider Rasheed Daham Alrafas
Theses and Dissertations
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound found in red wine, the skins of grapes, and other plant products, has been used as a traditional medicine for thousands of years throughout human history, but current research has revealed this natural component is capable of modulating a variety of immunological, microbial, and epigenetic mechanisms to improve overall health and well-being of hosts that consume it. Colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the colon and rectum, which has been associated with colon cancer. This cancer incidence is rising in younger adults in the US. Thus, newer approaches to prevent colitis …
Three-Dimensional Plasma Cell Survival Microniche In Multiple Myeloma, Katrina A. Harmon
Three-Dimensional Plasma Cell Survival Microniche In Multiple Myeloma, Katrina A. Harmon
Theses and Dissertations
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of long-lived plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM), which constitute at least 10% of BM cellularity. Normally, long-lived plasma cells make up less than 1% of BM cells. Plasma cells become neoplastic when a clonal PC population produces a monoclonal immunoglobulin protein. A diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is made when there is an increase in monoclonal PCs within the BM, but less than 10%, and the patient does not present with end-organ damage, which is associated with active MM. Though not considered …
Biophysical Analyses Of Left Ventricular Remodeling Secondary To Myocardial Infarction And Left Ventricular Pressure Overload, William Manuel Torres
Biophysical Analyses Of Left Ventricular Remodeling Secondary To Myocardial Infarction And Left Ventricular Pressure Overload, William Manuel Torres
Theses and Dissertations
Left ventricular (LV) remodeling is nominally an adaptive process that restores biomechanical function following myocardial injury and/or sustained alterations in loading conditions. This remodeling can materialize as changes in myocardial geometry, composition, and mechanical properties. When these changes fail to restore LV biomechanical function, remodeling is termed maladaptive. It is generally accepted that maladaptive LV remodeling underlies the progression to heart failure in various forms of heart disease. The central hypothesis of this study is that we can leverage echocardiographic imaging techniques to non-invasively quantify changes in biomechanical function and mechanical properties in a serial manner throughout the progression towards …