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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A Rapid And Ultra-Sensitive Biosensing Platform Based On Tunable Dielectrophoresis For Robust Poc Applications, Yu Jiang
Doctoral Dissertations
With the ongoing pandemic, there have been increasing concerns recently regarding major public health issues such as abuse of organophosphorus compounds, pathogenic bacterial infections, and biosecurity in agricultural production. Biosensors have long been considered a kernel technology for next-generation diagnostic solutions to improve food safety and public health. Significant amounts of effort have been devoted to inventing novel sensing mechanisms, modifying their designs, improving their performance, and extending their application scopes. However, the reliability and selectivity of most biosensors still have much to be desired, which holds back the development and commercialization of biosensors, especially for on-site and point-of-care (POC) …
Elucidating Mammalian Cellular Responses To The Uptake Of Nanoparticles (Nps), Pathogens, And Lipoproteins: Similarities And Differences, Monireh Asoudeh
Elucidating Mammalian Cellular Responses To The Uptake Of Nanoparticles (Nps), Pathogens, And Lipoproteins: Similarities And Differences, Monireh Asoudeh
Doctoral Dissertations
Soft poly-ethylene-glycol (PEG)-based soft nanoparticles (NPs) including cylindrical (CNPs) micelles, spherical (SNPs) micelles, and lipid bilayer vesicles (LNPs) are thought to be treated as foreign objects by mammalian phagocytes. If this hypothesis is true, NPs should trigger a proinflammatory, autophagic phenotype that is similar to the one seen when macrophages phagocytose pathogens or when macrophage surface expressed proteins bind pathogen surface factors such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, we show that macrophage responses to the above NPs are almost completely unique from those triggered by group A streptococcus (GAS) pathogens (JRS4 cells) and LPS. Instead, macrophages treat these soft NPs more …
Crowd Control: Regulating The Spatial Organization Of Biopolymers And Gene Expression By Macromolecular Crowding, Gaurav Chauhan
Crowd Control: Regulating The Spatial Organization Of Biopolymers And Gene Expression By Macromolecular Crowding, Gaurav Chauhan
Doctoral Dissertations
The intracellular environment is crowded with macromolecules that can occupy a significant fraction of the cellular volume. This can give rise to attractive depletion interactions that impact the conformations and interactions of biopolymers, as well as their interactions with confining surfaces. We used computer simulations to study the effects of crowding on biologically-inspired models of polymers. We showed that crowding can lead to attractive interactions between two flexible ring polymers, and we further characterized the adsorption of both flexible and semiflexible polymers onto confining surfaces. These results indicate that crowding-induced depletion interactions could play a role in the spatial organization …
Interactions Between Soft Nanoparticles And Mammalian Cells, Mitchell Raith
Interactions Between Soft Nanoparticles And Mammalian Cells, Mitchell Raith
Doctoral Dissertations
Nanoparticles have been of interest to the pharmaceutical industry since the 1980s. The first FDA approved nanoparticle-based therapies included liposomal anesthesia agents. Since then, the amount of FDA-approved nanoparticle therapies remains low. This is because nanoparticle-patient interactions can be very complex and are not well understood. Complicating factors also include increasing obesity rates among the patient population and many small animal pre-clinical trials are completed with healthy, lean animals. The biochemical differences between lean and obese patients prevents early studies from accurately predicting nanoparticle clinical behaviors. Many nanoparticles fail in trails. In this thesis, I aimed to uncover how nanoparticles …
Improving The Biocompatibility Of The Bio-Inorganic Interface For Enhanced Photosystem I-Based Biophotovoltaic Device Performance, Alexandra H. Teodor
Improving The Biocompatibility Of The Bio-Inorganic Interface For Enhanced Photosystem I-Based Biophotovoltaic Device Performance, Alexandra H. Teodor
Doctoral Dissertations
The world’s energy demands are projected to increase by nearly 50% by the year 2040, and consumption of carbon-based fuels continues to release greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. This has been causally linked with climate change and increased extreme weather events, which has been further linked to adverse health outcomes and negative effects on biodiversity, food security, and increased disease transmission. Clearly, there is a need for a sustainable, carbon-free, and cost-effective method of energy production to meet growing energy production demands. The sun irradiates Earth’s surface annually with ~80,000 terawatts (TW), making solar …