Engineering Commons^™

Synergetic Effect Of Viscosity Modifying Admixtures And Polycarboxylate Ether Superplasticizer On Key Characteristics Of Thixotropic Uhpc For Bonded Bridge Deck Overlay Rehabilitation, Le Teng, Ming Jin, Jiadi Du, Kamal H. Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Thin bonded ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) overlay is an advanced technology for bridge deck rehabilitation. UHPC should be tailored to secure adequate flowability and high thixotropy to facilitate mixing and placement with a low risk of sagging of the material on sloped bridge deck surfaces. The synergetic effect between nano clay (NC) and polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizer or cellulose-based viscosity modifying admixture (VMA) and PCE on the rheological properties (yield stress, plastic viscosity, and thixotropy), cement hydration, autogenous shrinkage, compressive strength, and porosity was systematically investigated. The bond strength between conventional concrete (CC) representing existing bridge deck concrete and thixotropic UHPC …

Application Of Multidisciplinary Community Resilience Modeling To Reduce Disaster Risk: Building Back Better, Wanting "Lisa" Wang, John W. Van De Lindt, Blythe Johnston, P. Shane Crawford, Guirong Grace Yan, Thang Dao, Trung Do, Katie Skakel, Mojtaba Harati, Tu Nguyen, Robinson Umeike, Silvana Croope, Andre R. Barbosa

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

From december 10 to december 11, 2021, a deadly tornado outbreak struck across several states in the us, including arkansas, illinois, kentucky, and tennessee. This tornado outbreak resulted in at least $3.9 Billion in damage, more than 90 fatalities, and hundreds of injuries. Mayfield, kentucky, a small city in the eastern united states, was hit by a long-track tornado rated as an enhanced fujita 4 (ef4) scale and was one of the communities most heavily damaged during the tornado outbreak. Following the 2021 tornado event, an analysis was performed in the interdependent networked community resilience modeling environment (in-core) for the …

Architecture As A Carbon-Based Practice, Qixin Yu

Masters Theses

Carbon serves as both a silent protagonist and a looming antagonist in the narrative of architecture, shaping not only the physical structures we inhabit but also the ecological legacy we leave behind.

Centuries of human exploitation of the environment have led to climate and material crises. Shifting this dynamic requires action at micro (matter), meso (material), and macro (materiality) levels. Biogenic materials offer significant potential for carbon sequestration and present opportunities for the building industry to collaborate with nature rather than merely extract from it.

This thesis establishes a research and manufacturing practice that prioritizes material innovation, carbon sequestration, environmental …

Monetary Condition Index And Its Relation With Other Macroeconomic Variables: An Empirical Study In Selected Mena Countries, Jinan Jihad Kassem

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

This article aims to construct a monetary condition index (MCI) for five countries in the MENA region, namely Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco, in order to interpret the stance of monetary policy in these countries. A broad MCI has been constructed by combining two transmission channels of monetary policy, the real interest rate and the real effective exchange rate, along with bank credit to the private sector. These three indicators of the monetary conditions are collected for these countries over the period 1995–2020 for all countries except for Bahrain, which has data from 1995 to 2015. Principal component analysis …

Examining Elevation Opening Ratio And Space Proportions In Lebanese Schools, Chirine Traboulsi, Mary Felix

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

The academic performance and outcomes of students are significantly impacted by the architecture of educational institutions. When designing learning spaces, two important considerations are the size of the room and the elevation opening percentage that describe how much daylight enters the space through windows. Previous studies showed that these factors have an important effect on student learning performance. This study explores the link between elevation opening percentage and space proportions in educational institutions. In order to assess daylight dispersal in a classroom in Lebanon that faced north—the direction required for the nation's best solar exposure—a quantitative approach utilizing modelling software …

Rehabilitation Of Existing University Buildings To Reduce Energy Consumption Through The Application Of Sustainable Design Standards (Case Study Of The Building Of The Modern Academy Of Engineering), Mohamed Mahmoud Hassan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The research paper deals with the role of architects in finding solutions to the global energy problem, especially since the buildings sector, which consumes about 40% of the energy globally due to the design of buildings in a way that increases the building's energy needs by relying heavily on mechanical systems for heating and cooling and relying on industrial lighting completely During daylight hours, perhaps one of the most important energy-consuming buildings is the educational building. Therefore, the paper deals with the absence of a clear understanding among some architects of the need to move towards designing educational buildings in …

Chloride Binding Mechanism In Seawater-Mixed Uhpc, Wei Zhang, Dawei Ding, Mengmeng Li, Tiao Wang, Hongyan Ma, Binmeng Chen, Hongxing Hu, Jizhou Chen, Xiaomin Liu, Dongshuai Hou

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The rapid development of marine concrete structures and the sharp shortage of freshwater resources contribute to the wide investigation of seawater-mixed ultra-high-performance concrete (swuhpc). However, few studies have investigated the chloride ions (cl-) binding mechanism of swuhpc. Herein, the chloride binding experiments and molecular dynamics (md) simulation were carried out to reveal the physically and chemically bound cl- mechanisms of swuhpc. The results of the experiments clearly demonstrate that the addition of silica fume (sf) led to a significant decrease in the capacity of cl- binding. Conversely, the incorporation of metakaolin (mk) resulted in a marked increase in the content …

A Review Of Whipple Shield Ballistic Limit Equations, S. Ryan, W. (William) P. Schonberg

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ballistic limit equations (BLEs) are semi-analytical expressions used to predict the risk posed by micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) impacts on a spacecraft. A foundational BLE, known as the new non-optimum (NNO) equation was published by Eric Christiansen of NASA Johnson Space Center in 1990 for application on Whipple shields – two-plate configurations consisting of a thin sacrificial plate located at some standoff in front of the spacecraft pressure hull or structural wall. Today, BLEs for almost all multi-plate spacecraft structures, e.g., honeycomb sandwich panels, monolithic structures with thermal insulation blankets, etc., are based on the NNO Whipple BLE. We …

Four-Way Cfd-Dem Coupling To Simulate Concrete Pipe Flow: Mechanism Of Formation Of Lubrication Layer, Tooran Tavangar, Masoud Hosseinpoor, Jeffrey S. Marshall, Ammar Yahia, Kamal H. Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study introduced a four-way CFD-DEM coupling approach to simulate the shear-induced particle migration (SIPM) mechanism leading to formation of the lubrication layer (LL) during concrete pumping. The CFD-DEM simulations considered the coupled effect of concentration (10 %–40 %) and wide size distribution (1–17 mm) of aggregate and rheology of the mortar for forces between the suspending matrix and the particles (and vice versa), as well as force transmission directly between particles (and the pipe wall). The formation of the LL was successfully simulated through a more realistic understanding the SIPM mechanism and rheological evaluation across the pipe with comparable …

Quantifying Hurricane Effects On Housing: Evaluating Damage, Loss, And Shelter Demands Using Historical And Simulated Storm Tracks, Adish Deep Shakya

All Theses

This research introduces an advanced framework which employs parametric wind field models for peak wind speeds, and building fragility curves, loss functions, and demographic data to estimate for estimating housing damage and loss. The uninhabitable units immediate displaced households, short-term and long-term shelter need households are determined. with a particular focus on those eligible for FEMA assistance. The framework's validity is reinforced by a high correlation in the analysis of recent hurricane events between estimated numbers of displaced households and actual FEMA aid recipients, where FEMA aids about 20-60% of the predicted long-term displaced households. A novel application of the …

Evaluating Company Culture Of Roofing Contracting Companies To Attract And Retain Women In The Industry, Gopika Viswanathan

All Theses

The US construction industry, similar to many other industries, has a low representation of women. This difference is even more pronounced in construction trades, such as the roofing industry. The admission of more women into the industry is important to address workforce shortage issues that the industry is facing. Company culture has been cited as one of the primary reasons why women choose not to enter the industry or face barriers during their careers. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the company culture of roofing companies through factors identified by literature and by women and companies in …

The Development Of A Convenient And Consistent Methodology For Flight Proficiency To Certify Multi-Rotor Uas Pilots For State Departments Of Transportation, Colin Dees

All Dissertations

To fly an unmanned aircraft system (UAS), commonly referred to as a “drone,” the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires pilots to pass a knowledge test. There is no requirement at the state or federal level for drone operators to demonstrate the ability to operate a UAS. The National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) has created an exam for public and private entities to assess basic UAS flight proficiency. It is the only nationally recognized flight proficiency protocol. NIST does not provide a scoring recommendation and leaves it to the user to determine the minimum criteria to pass. There is …

Building Services Engineering May/June 2024

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Spatial Hearing In Simulated Reverberant Classroom Environments, Gabriel Seth Evan Weeldreyer

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Dissertations, Thesis, and Student Research

Spatial hearing provides access to auditory spatial cues that promote speech perception in noisy listening situations. However, reverberation degrades auditory spatial cues and limits listeners’ ability to utilize these cues for segregating target speech from competing babble. Hence, spatial unmasking—an intelligibility benefit from a spatial separation between a target and masker—is reduced in reverberant environments as compared to free field. This work tests the hypothesis that interaural decorrelation, the result of increasing reverberation, will broaden the perceived auditory source width with a cascading effect of reduced auditory spatial acuity and subsequently poorer spatial unmasking. To understand the perceptual consequences of …

Supporting Text And Data Analysis Across Campus From The Academic Library, Amy Kirchhoff, Hejin Shin Phd

Digital Initiatives Symposium

The ability to comprehend and communicate with text-based data is essential to future success in academics and employment, as evidenced in a recent survey from Bloomberg Research Services which shows that nearly 97% of survey respondents now use data analytics in their companies and 58% consider data and text mining a business analytics tool (https://www.sas.com/content/dam/SAS/bp_de/doc/studie/ba-st-the-current-state-of-business-analytics-2317022.pdf). This has fueled a substantial growth in text analysis research (involving the use of technology to analyze un- and semi-structured text data for valuable insights, trends, and patterns) across disciplines and a corresponding demand on academic libraries to support text analysis pedagogy and text analysis …

Poster Session: Onu Engineering Freshman And Senior Design Projects, Keith Schimmel

Scholar Week 2016 - present

This poster session is held Friday, April 19, 4:45-6:15pm, with food served, in the Reed Hall of Science Tech Center.

The capstone engineering senior design projects at Olivet Nazarene University involve interdisciplinary engineering teams completing real-life projects sponsored by companies, mission organizations, and professional society competitions. The engineering first-year design projects at Olivet Nazarene University involve interdisciplinary engineering teams proposing product improvement designs, using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. Posters for both the senior and freshman engineering design projects will be presented during this poster session.

Adventure Course - Hocking Hills Retreat Center, Donavan Yelle, Valerie Froylan, Nathaniel Nargang, Samantha Paterson

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Hocking Hills Retreat Center located in Logan, Ohio tasked a senior engineering design group with the creation of a high and low ropes adventure course. The goal of this course is to increase the number of visitors to the retreat center. The course was designed to feature a kid’s area; a teamwork section; and beginner, intermediate, and expert courses. All course elements range from ten to thirty feet in elevation to allow for a variety of difficulty levels. The course has been modeled using both AutoCAD and Revit software. Additionally, structural analysis was performed to ensure the safety and strength …

Efficient, Affordable, And Accessible (Eaa) House Design, Jack Holohan, Matthew Carpenter, Faith Dalton, Payton Tindal

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Recent trends in the housing market, along with household income disparities, underscore the need for efficient, affordable, and accessible (EAA) housing for middle to lower-middle-income families. The EAA House Design project presents an alternative solution through a detailed set of construction documents encompassing architectural, electrical, mechanical, structural, plumbing, and interior design. Revit software was used to plan, design, and manage the project. The completed project will be submitted for the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) Engineering Education Award.

Proposed Charlotte To Atlanta High-Speed Passenger Rail Line: An Economic, Infrastructural, And Developmental Analysis In The Upstate Of South Carolina, Ian C. Macurda, Kimberly Whitehead

SC Upstate Research Symposium

This research paper is an in-depth analysis of the high-speed passenger rail line proposed between Charlotte, NC and Atlanta, GA and its impact on the economy, infrastructure, and future development of the Upstate of South Carolina. Currently, passenger rail service between Charlotte and Atlanta is offered on Amtrak at late hours throughout the night on its long-distance passenger rail line The Crescent from New York City, NY to New Orleans, LA. The train is often delayed and is operating at a deficit for Amtrak, like most of their long-distance routes. Traffic on Interstate 85 through the Upstate is another issue …

Evolving Hangwuran City Development Model Through Partial Least Square Approach In North-Central Nigeria, Samuel Medayese, Hangwelani H. Magidimisha-Chipungu, Lovemore Chipungu

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The need for a paradigmatic shift in city development ideology has become increasingly evident over the years. In response to this need, the Hangwurian City Development Model was developed to establish a connection between the concepts of environmental awareness, urban governance, and management. This model also integrates sustainable urban development, urban liveability, and inclusive physical development. The research sets a critical objective of analyzing the significant levels of various indicator variables. The exploratory research utilized partial least squares (PLS) via SmartPLS to evaluate the variables, collecting quantitative data through the open data toolkit from three selected cities: Lokoja, Minna, and …

An Architectural Approach To Neighborhood Design In The Quarry Road Informal Settlement In Durban, Viloshin Govender, Ameen Shaikjee

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Informal settlements, often characterized by inadequate infrastructure, housing, and services, are a significant urban challenge in the global South. Creating well-functioning and supportive neighborhoods within these settlements is crucial for improving the living conditions and livelihoods of those living there. This paper explores the strategies and principles of creating neighborhoods in informal settlements that promote community empowerment, social cohesion, and sustainable development. Conventional top-down development approaches often fail to address these settlements' unique needs and dynamics. In contrast, a bottom-up approach empowers residents, fosters community engagement, and promotes sustainable development. This paper explores how architecture can respond to the needs …

Liveable Communities: A Case Study Of Availability, Proximity, And The Quality Of Critical Infrastructure In Colombo, Srilanka, Maheshi Tennakoon, Udayangani Kulatunga

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The concept of livable communities has become increasingly significant in regional planning, aiming to improve the quality of life for residents. Despite continued investment in critical infrastructure in developing countries, the enhancement of livability has not kept pace with infrastructure development. This study investigates the impact of crucial infrastructure on community livability, utilizing a holistic single case study approach with Colombo as the case study. The relationship between critical infrastructure development and urban livability serves as the unit of analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten subject matter experts and analyzed using manual content analysis. The research finds …

Neighbourhood Planning: Reminiscence Towards Liveable Communities, Bolanle Wahab, Waheed Kadiri, Ayobami Popoola, Bamiji Adeleye, Robert A. Dwamena

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Urbanisation remains a topical discussion across the globe. According to the United Nations (2022), 68% of the world's population will be absorbed in urban areas by 2050. The envisaged rapid urbanisation in cities by 2050 is believed to be accompanied by various planning problems, which include accelerated climate change, urban slums, urban sprawl, poor sanitation, inadequate infrastructure, overcrowding, housing deficiency and transportation issues. To mitigate these planning problems, the role of effective urban planning cannot be overemphasised. Urban planning provides a pathway for overcoming the various challenges posed by urbanisation both in the present and in the future.

Urban planning …

Condition Of Drainage System And Its Impact On The Residents Of Mowe, Ogun State, Nigeria, Ayodeji Olusola Ajayi, Testimony Ayomide Oladiran, Ismail Adedapo Oyerinde, Aderonke Olufunmi Ajayi, Adonis Busuyi Fakanlu

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

This study examines the impacts of drainage infrastructure conditions on Mowe, Ogun State, residents. The study used a quantitative research design, using a systematic random sampling technique to select ten (10) residential estates (three public-owned and seven privately owned) in the study area. In all, 107 residents were sampled using a structured questionnaire. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics. Based on the findings of this study, it was evident that the surface drainage system, mainly constructed with sandcrete blocks, was predominant in the study area. The result established that the drainage's minimum height in the study area was …

Socio-Economic Effects Of Orisumbare Sawmilling Industries On The Residents Of Ikire, Irewole Local Government Area Osun-State, Nigeria, Umar Usman Jimoh, D R. Ogungbemi

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The study examined the socio-economic effects of the Orisumbare sawmill industry on the residents of Ikire, Irewole local government area of Osun State. The objectives of the study include, examination of the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, the positive effects of industry on the residents, the negative impacts of industry on the residents, and the perceived environmental-induced diseases caused by industrial activities. A case study research design was adopted, while both primary and secondary data were utilised. A multistage sampling technique was used, in which a buffer zone of 900m radius was made to delineate the zone of industries’ influence. …

Urban Expansion And Loss Of Watershed Of Eleyele Dam In Ibadan, Nigeria, Samson A. Adejumo, Solomon Osunwale

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The study examined human activities contributing to the depletion of the Eleyele watershed. The activities have grown over time due to urban expansion through population growth and land and space requirements, resulting in rapid land use and land cover change. The study sourced both quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 247 pre-tested questionnaires were administered to randomly selected residents in the four communities (Eleyele, Ijokodo, Awotan, and Idi Osan) abutting the Eleyele watershed. In-depth interviews were conducted with the heads of Eleyele Waterworks, the Forestry Department, and the Oyo State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. We used Remote …

Land Surface Temperature And Landuse/ Land Cover Change Variability Using Remotely Sensed Data For Sub-Urban Settlements In Osun State, Nigeria, Saeed K. Ojolowo, Abiodun A. Audu, Charles O. Olatubara, Olusiyi Ipingbemi, Olaitan O. Odunola, Olaide J. Omirin, Oluwasinaayomi F. Kasim

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Land surface temperature (LST) is an indispensable factor in studying urban climate. Ground-based measurements have been employed to quantify LST and Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULC). However, due to advancements in space technology and extensive spatial coverage, remote sensing techniques are increasingly being used to measure the intensity of LST and LULC dynamics, owing to the availability of enhanced satellite-based thermal observations of the Earth. The climatic conditions over a medium-sized city could be improved by understanding the interplay of LST and LULC. In this study, we estimated LST based on Landsat bands 4 and 5 for 1990 and 2000, …

Assessing The Characteristics Of Coastal Neighbourhoods That Influence Flood Susceptibility In Kosofe, Nigeria, Saudat O. Ajijola, Funmilayo M. Adedire, J A. Fadamiro

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

As climate change continues to exacerbate weather patterns, flood susceptibility has become an increasingly pressing global concern. The susceptibility to floods is influenced by many contextual factors; as such, characterizing coastal neighbourhoods for the purpose of articulating susceptibility pathways is crucial for developing appropriate physical planning policies. The specific research objective seeks to assess the dimensions of neighbourhood characteristics that influence flood susceptibility in Kosofe, a suburban coastal community in Lagos, Nigeria. The data used were based on primary and secondary sources. Using a systematic sampling method, 324 respondents participated in the field survey. The result of the descriptive statistics, …

Analysis Of The Effects Of Service Delivery On The Wellbeing Of Internally Displaced Persons (Idps) In Federal Capital Territory (Fct), Abuja, Olusegun O. Idowu, Valda Martins, Ndako B. Santali, Jonathan U. Adama, Adekunle S. Adeogun, Gideon Danlami

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The provision of services, encompassing substandard medical facilities, inadequate housing conditions, limited access to electricity, insufficient recreational amenities, and the absence of potable water supply, has emerged as a significant impediment confronting Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) both domestically and globally. The present investigation sought to evaluate the impact of service delivery on the welfare of IDPs residing in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. The objectives of this inquiry were to assess the socioeconomic attributes of the IDPs, scrutinize the types and efficacy of service delivery within the IDP camps, and appraise the consequences of service delivery on the well-being …

Partnership And Coalition Efforts For Community-Based Research: Towards A Liveable Urban And Rural Settlement In Kwazulu-Natal, Sibongile A. Ngcobo, Nene E. Khalema, Tawanda Makusha

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

This paper examines the role of community partnerships and coalitions in the intricate and constantly evolving dynamics of communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Various aspects of the community context, such as socioeconomic conditions, geography, environmental factors, demographics, community politics, and cultural norms, often influence these community partnerships and coalitions. This study adopted the Community Coalition Action Theory as an organisational framework to examine the efforts of coalitions and partnerships in community-based research. The research applied a mixed-methods approach. This included a survey and individual interviews within the research organisation responsible for multiple community-based projects in rural and urban areas of …