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2009

William & Mary

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Full-Text Articles in Education

Leading Gracefully: Gendered Leadership At Community Colleges, Pamela L. Eddy Nov 2009

Leading Gracefully: Gendered Leadership At Community Colleges, Pamela L. Eddy

School of Education Book Chapters

Colleges and universities benefit from diversity in their leadership roles and profess to value diversity--of thought, of experience, of person. Yet why do women remain under-represented in top academic leadership positions and in key positions along the academic career ladder?

Why don’t they advance at a rate proportional to that of their male peers? How do internal and external environmental contexts still influence who enters academic leadership and who survives and thrives in those roles?

Women in Academic Leadership complements its companion volumes in the Women in Academe series, provoking readers to think critically about the gendered nature of academic …


Culturally Responsive Applications Of Computer Technologies In Education: Examples Of Best Practice, Rona Frederick, Jamel K. Donnor, Leshell Hatley Nov 2009

Culturally Responsive Applications Of Computer Technologies In Education: Examples Of Best Practice, Rona Frederick, Jamel K. Donnor, Leshell Hatley

School of Education Articles

"For more than a decade, scholars have identified culturally responsive pedagogy as a teaching method for improving the academic achievement of culturally and linguistically diverse students. Scholarly research on the intersection of culturally responsive teaching and educational technology, however, remains scant. The purpose of this literature review is to highlight research-based examples of culturally responsive applications and to provide recommendations for the design of technology-based learning environments."


Leadership Development In Higher Education Programs, Pamela L. Eddy, Michael Rao Oct 2009

Leadership Development In Higher Education Programs, Pamela L. Eddy, Michael Rao

School of Education Articles

A doctorate is increasingly a credential for community college leaders, yet much remains unknown about the structure of doctoral programs and links between course requirements and practitioner needs. Programs awarding an Ed.D. more often focus on skill oriented coursework, whereas Ph.D. programs have greater emphasis on research. This study creates a portrait of program structure that showcases a need to address how curriculum contributes to leadership development and the acquisition of key competencies.


Social Cognitive Theory And Mass Media Effects, Frank Pajares, Abby Prestin, Jason A. Chen, Robin L. Nabi Sep 2009

Social Cognitive Theory And Mass Media Effects, Frank Pajares, Abby Prestin, Jason A. Chen, Robin L. Nabi

Book Chapters

Bandura’s social cognitive theory is one of the most highly influential and widely celebrated theories in the field of social psychology. Thus, it is no surprise that its influence has extended into multiple fields, including communication and especially the study of media effects. Still, despite the enthusiasm with which media scholars have embraced social cognitive theory, its integration into media research is still in its infancy. The purpose of this chapter is first, to lay out the historical background and basic tenets of social cognitive theory. We will then explore the ways in which media effects scholars have integrated it …


Front Matter & Table Of Contents, Oracle Sep 2009

Front Matter & Table Of Contents, Oracle

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Fraternity/Sorority Membership On College Experiences And Outcomes: A Portrait Of Complexity, Ashley M. Asel, Tricia A. Seifert, Ernest T. Pascarella Sep 2009

The Effects Of Fraternity/Sorority Membership On College Experiences And Outcomes: A Portrait Of Complexity, Ashley M. Asel, Tricia A. Seifert, Ernest T. Pascarella

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

This study estimated the effects of fraternity/sorority membership on a wide range of college experiences and outcomes for first-year and senior college students at a large, public, Midwestern university. The findings suggest a complex portrait of the relationships between affiliation, engagement, and learning outcomes. Fraternity/sorority membership appeared to facilitate social involvement during college but may have limited the diversity of relationships. It was associated with higher levels of community service, but also increased the odds of excessive alcohol use. In the presence of controls for important, confounding influences, being a fraternity/sorority member had little consistent influence on grades or perceived …


Fraternal Leadership: Differences In Leadership Practices Among Four Governing Councils, Anthony Dichara Sep 2009

Fraternal Leadership: Differences In Leadership Practices Among Four Governing Councils, Anthony Dichara

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

In this study three hundred members of fraternities and sororities at a large, public, landgrant institution located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States responded to the items of Kouzes & Posner’s Student Leadership Practices Inventory (SLPI) (Kouzes & Posner, 2006). The results of the study were used to determine the leadership practices of the respondent group and the chapter members representing the four governing councils for fraternities and sororities at the host institution. Additionally, this study sought to identify the differences in leadership practices among members of the four governing councils. The results of the study indicated no …


Risk Reduction And Fraternal Organizations: Tort Liability, Legislation, And Suggestions For Practice, Jeffery D. Hall Sep 2009

Risk Reduction And Fraternal Organizations: Tort Liability, Legislation, And Suggestions For Practice, Jeffery D. Hall

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

Tort liability claims against colleges and universities in response to student-related injuries and deaths compel administrators to develop a complete understanding of the university-student relationship so that they may actively engage in risk reduction strategies. With several states enacting anti-hazing, alcohol, and risk management education legislation, universities have been driven to develop and implement strategies that address risk management concerns associated with fraternities, sororities, and other student organizations to support core institutional mission and values. In this manuscript the author reviews the emergence of tort liability on college and university campuses, critiques recent risk management legislation, provides examples and suggestions …


Spirituality Of College Students: An Examination Of Fraternity/Sorority Member And Non-Member Groups, Bradley M. Webb, John A. Mueller Sep 2009

Spirituality Of College Students: An Examination Of Fraternity/Sorority Member And Non-Member Groups, Bradley M. Webb, John A. Mueller

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

This quantitative study utilized the Assessment of Spirituality and Religious Sentiments (ASPIRES) (Piedmont, 1999) to investigate levels of spirituality in fraternity/sorority member and non-affiliated students. Data analysis on 123 participants at a mid-sized public institution in the mid-Atlantic region revealed significant differences on connectedness aspects of spirituality.


Learning Communities In Fraternity/Sorority Housing, Sean S. Blackburn, Steven M. Janosik Sep 2009

Learning Communities In Fraternity/Sorority Housing, Sean S. Blackburn, Steven M. Janosik

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

The purpose of this study was to examine the degree to which members living in fraternity/sorority housing experienced learning outcomes associated with living in a residential learning community. Additionally, the study explored differences in the degree to which selected learning outcomes were achieved by members of fraternities compared to members of sororities. Data were collected by administering the Learning Communities Assessment (Turrentine, 2001) to members living in fraternity and sorority houses at a major research institution in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Respondents characterized their fraternity/sorority living experience as an important living community, but not as a learning …


School Of Marine Science Graduate Catalog 2009-2010, College Of William And Mary, School Of Marine Science Aug 2009

School Of Marine Science Graduate Catalog 2009-2010, College Of William And Mary, School Of Marine Science

Miscellaneous

Catalog for the Graduate program from the School of Marine Science at the College of William and Mary for the listed academic year.


The Challenge Of Adolescent Crowd Research: Defining The Crowd, Jennifer Riedl Cross, Kathryn L. Fletcher Jul 2009

The Challenge Of Adolescent Crowd Research: Defining The Crowd, Jennifer Riedl Cross, Kathryn L. Fletcher

School of Education Articles

As research on adolescent crowds has increased over the past several decades, researchers appear to be confident in their claims of the consequences of crowd membership, even suggesting targeted interventions. This review of the various methods used to identify adolescents’ crowd membership suggests that this confidence may be misplaced. There are diverse methodologies used in this research area that examine different samples of adolescents belonging to each crowd. Social-type rating methods, self-identification methods, grouping by adolescent behaviors or characteristics, and ethnographic or other qualitative methods should be accompanied by greater specificity in terminology to alert researchers to the various phenomena …


Changing Of The Guard In Community Colleges: The Role Of Leadership Development, Pamela L. Eddy Apr 2009

Changing Of The Guard In Community Colleges: The Role Of Leadership Development, Pamela L. Eddy

School of Education Book Chapters

The complexity of the decisions that today’s higher education leaders face―as they engage with a diversifying student body, globalization and technological advances―requires embracing new ways of thinking about leadership.

This book examines the new theories and concepts of leadership that are described in the multidisciplinary literature on leadership, and are being applied in other sectors―from government to the non-profit and business communities―to explore the implications for leaders and leadership programs in higher education.

At a time when the heroic, controlling, and distant leader of the past has given way to a focus on teams, collectives and social change, the contributors …


Social And Emotional Development Of Students With Gifts And Talents, Tracy L. Cross, Jennifer Riedl Cross Mar 2009

Social And Emotional Development Of Students With Gifts And Talents, Tracy L. Cross, Jennifer Riedl Cross

School of Education Book Chapters

Honoring the leadership of Dr. Joyce Van Tassel-Baska, this book includes major strands of work central to defining the field of gifted education and discusses relevant trends and issues that have shaped or will shape the field. This comprehensive resource outlines three major sections: conceptions in gifted education such as intelligence, creativity, and eminence; linkage of theory to practice through curriculum and instruction, professional development, and assessment; and the infrastructure of gifted education that relies on research, policy, and leadership directions within and outside the field. Showcasing contributions from leading senior scholars in gifted education, this book is sure to …


2009 Annual Report The Virginia Institute Of Marine Science July 1, 2008 Through June 30, 2009, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science Jan 2009

2009 Annual Report The Virginia Institute Of Marine Science July 1, 2008 Through June 30, 2009, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

VIMS Annual Reports

No abstract provided.


The Impact Of Vision Standards On Fraternal Learning Environments, Sarah E. Schoper Jan 2009

The Impact Of Vision Standards On Fraternal Learning Environments, Sarah E. Schoper

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

At the University of Maryland, four governing councils oversee 57 chapters within the fraternal community. For over 10 years, each chapter has been obligated to fulfill Vision Standards, set by the University, to be considered in “good standing” status. The influence of the Vision Standards on a chapter beyond “good standing” status is unknown. This preliminary study uses discriminant function analysis to document the impact of the Vision Standards on chapters’ learning environments. Exploring the impact of the Vision Standards on chapters’ learning environments is consistent with the value of scholarship held by fraternal organizations and would allow chapter environments …


The Secret To Adding Article Writing To Your Life, J. Patrick Biddix Ph.D. Jan 2009

The Secret To Adding Article Writing To Your Life, J. Patrick Biddix Ph.D.

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

No abstract provided.


Front Matter & Table Of Contents, Oracle Jan 2009

Front Matter & Table Of Contents, Oracle

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

No abstract provided.


“Step Up And Do It”: Fraternity And Sorority Members’ Beliefs About Citizenship, Amie Jackson, Susan V. Iverson Ph.D. Jan 2009

“Step Up And Do It”: Fraternity And Sorority Members’ Beliefs About Citizenship, Amie Jackson, Susan V. Iverson Ph.D.

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

This qualitative study sought to investigate fraternity and sorority members’ beliefs about citizenship and how students’ involvement in fraternities and sororities contributed to shaping their views on citizenship. Through focus groups and individual interviews with fraternity and sorority members at one private, research university in the Midwest, this study revealed students’ opinions on how their involvement in fraternities and sororities raised their awareness about social concerns, shaped their values, and modeled the necessity to take action in their community. Following a discussion of these findings, the authors propose suggestions for student affairs administrators to develop the role fraternities and sororities …


Sorority Members’ Perspectives Of Chapter Racial Integration, Jennifer T. Edwards Jan 2009

Sorority Members’ Perspectives Of Chapter Racial Integration, Jennifer T. Edwards

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

The survival of social fraternal organizations may depend on whether or not members understand the importance of increasing the racial/ethnic diversity of their membership (Boschini & Thompson, 1998). Higher education institutions can emphasize the importance of diversity through university culture, vision, and support systems. A qualitative study was conducted to identify and compare the perceptions of members of historically Black and White sororities regarding racial diversity within their chapters. The purpose of this study was to explore the level of openness towards racial integration among members of both historically Black and White sororities. Findings suggest members of sororities may not …


Living In Your Letters: Assessing Congruence Between Espoused And Enacted Values Of One Fraternity/Sorority Community, Heather Matthews, Leigh Featherstone, Lisa Blunder, Allison J. Gerling, Sarah Lodge, Rachel B. Messenger Jan 2009

Living In Your Letters: Assessing Congruence Between Espoused And Enacted Values Of One Fraternity/Sorority Community, Heather Matthews, Leigh Featherstone, Lisa Blunder, Allison J. Gerling, Sarah Lodge, Rachel B. Messenger

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

Fraternity and sorority members have long been charged with fulfilling the espoused values of their organizations. Although several studies have explored the gap between the actions and values of undergraduate fraternal members and their institutions, few have examined the degree to which the publicly stated values of fraternal organizations are enacted by members. Using qualitative methodology, researchers compared the creeds and mission statements of undergraduate fraternal organizations to member actions observed on the campus transit system. Results indicated that while there is some congruence between organizational and institutional values and member actions, there are also areas of disconnect for members …


Instructional Planning Activity Types As Vehicles For Curriculum-Based Tpack Development, Judi Harris, Mark J. Hofer Jan 2009

Instructional Planning Activity Types As Vehicles For Curriculum-Based Tpack Development, Judi Harris, Mark J. Hofer

Book Chapters

Teachers’ knowledge is situated, event-structured, and episodic. Technology, pedagogy and content knowledge (TPACK) – one form of highly practical professional educational knowledge – is comprised of teachers’ concurrent and interdependent curriculum content, general pedagogy, and technological understanding. Teachers’ planning – which expresses teachers’ knowledge-in-action in pragmatic ways -- is situated, contextually sensitive, routinized, and activity-based. To assist with the development of teachers’ TPACK, therefore, we suggest using what is understood from research about teachers’ knowledge and instructional planning to form an approach to curriculum-based technology integration that is predicated upon the combining of technologically supported learning activity types within and …


African American Women At Historically Black Colleges During The Civil Rights Movement, Eddie R. Cole Jan 2009

African American Women At Historically Black Colleges During The Civil Rights Movement, Eddie R. Cole

Articles

The African American Civil Rights Movement is a series of intentional occurrences in America that protested the legal segregation of African Americans and Whites. Inequality in the use of public spaces and the unequal opportunities for advancement of African Americans were the core reasons for this movement. This historical essay uses primary and secondary documents, as well as contemporary sources from non-educational fields, to assert that African American women were instrumental in the Civil Rights movement and that historically Black institutions can be credited, in large part, for preparing these women for their roles.


Establishing Black Identity At A Predominantly White Institution: The Influence Of A Hybrid Pledge/Intake Process Utilizing Nguzo Saba Principles, Katherine D. Llyod Jan 2009

Establishing Black Identity At A Predominantly White Institution: The Influence Of A Hybrid Pledge/Intake Process Utilizing Nguzo Saba Principles, Katherine D. Llyod

Journal of Sorority and Fraternity Life Research and Practice

Racial identity is a critical aspect of individual identity (Chavez & Guido-DiBrito, 1999). Using a case study approach, the author investigated what influence a hybrid pledge/intake program that utilized Nguzo Saba, a set of seven African principles, had on Black identity development. Four Black males1 who attended a predominantly White institution (PWI) participated in an interview about their new member process. Findings showed that the hybrid pledge/intake process paralleled Nguzo Saba, and that this process may have positively influenced their racial identity (Howard–Hamilton, 1997). Therefore, student affairs professionals could seek to use the Nguzo Saba principles as a framework in …


The Relationship Between Thinking Style Differences And Career Choice For High-Achieving High School Students, Mihyeon Kim Jan 2009

The Relationship Between Thinking Style Differences And Career Choice For High-Achieving High School Students, Mihyeon Kim

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The intent of this study was to study high achieving students' career decision-making associated with thinking styles and to examine factors influencing career choices. A causal-comparative research design and correlational research design were used, with a sample of 209 high school students. Data were gathered from two International Baccalaureate (TB) programs and a Governor's School Program. Students responded to two types of questionnaire---the Thinking Style Inventory, and A Questionnaire Related to Career Choices and Students' Sensitivity toward Environmental Forces.;The findings of this study demonstrated that the effect of program on different thinking styles was significant (p < .05), and the effect of gender on different thinking styles was significant ( p < .01). Also, the findings showed that an external thinking style was a good predictor for choosing the social science area for future careers. However, students with a higher external thinking style chose computer and math areas 73% less than students with lower external thinking style. Also, the findings of the study demonstrated that students' passion for a specific subject and family environment were also important factors influencing career choices of high achieving high school students.;The study suggested the importance of taking thinking styles into consideration for the career development of high-achieving adolescents. In addition, the environmental influences of parents, family, and schools are also important considerations for students' career development, along with students' inherent interest in a subject. Therefore, parents, teachers, and guidance counselors should recognize their own critical roles in shaping students' career development.


A Comparative Study Of The Course Taking And Performance Patterns Of High Achieving Secondary Students, Dewelynn Joyce Heeb Selberg Jan 2009

A Comparative Study Of The Course Taking And Performance Patterns Of High Achieving Secondary Students, Dewelynn Joyce Heeb Selberg

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Part one of this study relied on archival data of an urban public high school to explain and compare the Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) course taking patterns and program exam performance of high school students who had participated in the district's program for gifted learners, the Extended Learning Program (ELP), when in grades 4-8, with those that did not.;Adapting Gagne's (2003, 2004) Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent (DMTG) as a conceptual framework, part two of this study examined the intrapersonal and environmental catalysts affecting the talent development process as perceived by seniors, enrolled in an AP …


"--All United Like Sisters--": Education, Friendship, And The Bonds Of Womanhood At Litchfield Female Academy, 1782--1833, Amy E. Whelan Jan 2009

"--All United Like Sisters--": Education, Friendship, And The Bonds Of Womanhood At Litchfield Female Academy, 1782--1833, Amy E. Whelan

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


An Overview Of Two Incidents Involving African American Fraternities At Indiana University, Eddie R. Cole, Cameron J. Harris, Rubin Pusha Iii, Nadrea Reeves Jan 2009

An Overview Of Two Incidents Involving African American Fraternities At Indiana University, Eddie R. Cole, Cameron J. Harris, Rubin Pusha Iii, Nadrea Reeves

Articles

The current campus climate facing African American Greek fraternal organizations at Indiana University (IU) can be examined through critical incidents of the past. A historical analysis of data sources associated with two incidents involving these organizations at IU provides a better understanding of the challenges students in these organizations may face. This paper aims to provide practitioners with an understanding of how specific policy changes for these fraternities may affect their members, as well as the student body they serve.


Self -Efficacy Beliefs Of Elementary General Education Teachers In Inclusive Classrooms And The Role Of Professional Development, Sheila S. Ashley Jan 2009

Self -Efficacy Beliefs Of Elementary General Education Teachers In Inclusive Classrooms And The Role Of Professional Development, Sheila S. Ashley

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

In an effort to provide greater access and progress in the general education curriculum and higher levels of standards proficiency for students with disabilities, school districts across the nation have substantially increased placements in inclusive classroom settings. This thrust has significantly challenged and frustrated general educators due to their perceptions of incompetence related to meeting the needs of students with disabilities in the absence of appropriate training and support.;This study used mixed-methods research to explore differences in general educators' self-efficacy beliefs based on IEP-identified students' learning or behavioral challenges; variation in classroom practice between high and low self-efficacy teachers relative …


Grounded Tech Integration: An Effective Approach Based On Content, Pedagogy, And Teacher Planning, Judi Harris, Mark J. Hofer Jan 2009

Grounded Tech Integration: An Effective Approach Based On Content, Pedagogy, And Teacher Planning, Judi Harris, Mark J. Hofer

Articles

Successful technology integration must focus on standards-based, curriculum-related learning outcomes rather than on the technologies themselves. In the first installment of a seven-part series, we offer a grounded approach to technology integration based on content, pedagogy, and how teachers plan instruction.