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The Effects Of L1 And L2 Instruction On The Metalinguistic Awareness Of Spanish-Speaking Children, Rene Merino
The Effects Of L1 And L2 Instruction On The Metalinguistic Awareness Of Spanish-Speaking Children, Rene Merino
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The Problem: While middle class students can succeed in L2 immersion programs, there is growing evidence that language minority students from low socioeconomic backgrounds do better in Ll programs. Jim Cummins' linguistic interdependency hypothesis resolves this apparent paradox by proposing that middle class students enter school with cognitive academic language proficiencies (CALF), which allow them to succeed in language mismatch situations. He claims that CALF is best developed in Ll and that schools should_teach language minority students in their first language. This study attempted to test the validity of Cummins' CALF construct. It also investigated the effects of Ll and …