Education Commons^™

Faculty Standardization Of Dental Hygiene Instrumentation Skill Evaluation: A Calibration Exercise, Diane-Marie Smela

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

Faculty must be standardized so that student skills are assessed in an unbiased, equal fashion. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of calibration on dental hygiene faculty standardization. Examples of correct and incorrect instrumentation skill performance were demonstrated and discussed during the calibration exercise. Groups simultaneously viewed instrumentation skills while assessing correct or incorrect performance. Group standardization was determined through analysis of answer key agreement, intra-rater reliability, and inter-rater reliability. Data were statistically analyzed through the use of a z-test for both answer key agreement and inter-rater reliability, and chi-square (x²) for inter-rater reliability …

An Examination Of The Effects Of An Intergenerational Reading Workshop On The Listening Comprehension Of At-Risk Pre-Kindergarten Students, Marycarolyn G. France

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

A surge of interest in working with parents to help their children build prerequisite language skills that would prevent reading failure has developed in recent years. The challenge of preventing reading failure in students is exacerbated when parents themselves have limited skills in reading. In recognition of this fact, schools and other institutions have begun to provide intergenerational programs to teach parents and children together. The workshop which is the subject of this study is one such program.

Thirteen parents and their pre-kindergarten children, who had been identified by the school as at-risk students, were exposed to an intergenerational reading …

Sleep Patterns And The Behavior Of Children In The Second-, Third-, And Fourth-Grades In Urban Public Schools, Yolanda Cardelli Hampel

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This investigation examined the relationship between nocturnal sleep patterns and behaviors in the classroom of seventy-four girls and fifty-nine boys from second-, third-, and fourth-grades attending five urban public schools in Norfolk, Virginia.

The dependent variables were the classroom behavior that was subdivided into five personality areas for objective assessment of the student's adjustment areas labeled self, social, school, home, and physical. The objective assessment was observed and documented on a seventy-eight item questionnaire by their primary classroom teachers who were familiar with the subjects behavior. The parents observed and recorded data on a sleep log listing independent variables such …

A Study On Teacher Change To Developmentally Appropriate Practice In The Primary Grades Of An Urban Elementary School, Kerry Sullivan Lambert

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this research was to study the process of change from traditional teaching practices to developmentally appropriate practices (DAP), following training. The population for this study consists of kindergarten and first grade teachers, in urban elementary school comprised of student at-risk for school failure. Quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were utilized. The quantitative measures provide evidence of the degree of change made by teachers and render a context for the qualitative findings. The variables of DAP were measured pre- and post-training to determine change in teaching practices that occurred after training. Two observation instruments were utilized to measure …

Effects Of Mentoring On The Personal Career Development, Attendance, And Retention Of Teen Mothers In A Job Training Program, M. Elaine Chase

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a mentoring program on the personal career development, attendance, and retention of students of the 1991 Teen-Age Parent Program of Skillbuilding (TAPPS). The study was conducted in Chesapeake, Virginia, within the Chesapeake Public Schools Adult Continuing Education Department. The students were matched and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group (N = 15) received a program of mentoring over and above the regular support services of TAPPS. The control group (N = 15) received only the regular support services. Students in both groups were pretested on …

An Analysis Of Urban Higher Education Ceo's Perceptions Of Critical Leadership Behaviors, Linda Ferguson Banis

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The research question for this study asked if CEO's (Chief Executive Officers) of urban higher education institutions hold the same values and beliefs as those attributed to business and industry CEO's through the business literature. Through survey methodology, the analysis of urban higher education CEO's perceptions of critical leadership behaviors revealed very similar belief patterns. The primary discrepancies between the research group and their industry counterparts lie in the degree to which critical behaviors are espoused and in the acceptance of transformational leadership as a proactive model for effective organizational change. The responses to the open-ended portion of the questionnaire …

A Study Of The Planning Process Utilized By Urban School Divisions In Constructing Public Schools In The State Of Virginia, 1984-1989, Patricia Liverman Powers

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This research tested utilization of the "team approach" to planning for new school construction. The "team approach" is characterized by seven essential variables. To successfully plan a new school building, educators must: (1) involve more than one individual in collecting data; (2) provide quantitative data to the architect; (3) provide qualitative data to the architect; (4) provide data to the architect in advance of design; (5) provide data to the architect in written form; (6) provide original data, not prototype data; and (7) provide data which is used by the architect. Collective use of all seven variables constitute the "team …

Defining The Role Of School Personnel Directors In Urban School Divisions Of The Commonwealth Of Virginia, Arnold Coy Nye Jr.

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was to identify disparities between perceptions of the public school personnel director's role by both personnel directors and superintendents. The study was limited to personnel directors and superintendents employed by urban school divisions in Virginia. The study sought to identify (1) disparities between perceptions by personnel directors of their ideal role versus their actual role, (2) disparities between perceptions of personnel directors and superintendents of the personnel director's actual role, and (3) disparities between perceptions by public school division superintendents of the personnel directors ideal role versus the actual role.

A role analysis questionnaire was …

Formal And Informal Educational Activities Of Transformational Nurse Leaders In Urban Hospitals, Sue Waltrip Young

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

Absence of educational programs designed to develop a specific leadership style has prompted educators in nursing administration to consider designing such programs. As the cost of hospital care escalates and the recruitment and retention of individuals into hospital nursing remains problematic, it is essential that methods be developed to address these issues. This study described the educational processes experienced by transformational nurse leaders employed in urban hospitals. By discovering the relative importance and amount of these activities for nurses identified as transformational leaders, data are provided for the design and testing of educational programs created to enhance a transformational leadership …

School Desegregation And Urban Renewal In Norfolk, 1950-1959, Forrest R. (Hap) White

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

Although a number of scholars have examined the impact that the U.S. Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of Education decision had upon local school policies, there is a paucity of research on what repercussions that decision may have had upon a broad range of other related municipal issues. This historical case study explores the effect that opposition to court ordered school integration had upon the placement of school buildings and urban renewal projects in one Southern city, Norfolk, Virginia, where there was strong reason to believe that the municipal powers of school plant planning, redevelopment, and city planning were deliberately …

Characteristics Of Families And Home Environments That Facilitate The Successful Adaptation Of Children Into A Formal School Environment, Janice Elich Monroe

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was to determine what characteristics of families are most likely to enhance the development of social capital in young urban school children and to determine which of these characteristics or combination of characteristics contribute to a child's ability to adapt positively to a formal school environment. This purpose was accomplished through the design and implementation of an ex post facto study utilizing qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. The sample for this study included 33 second grade students from four target schools in the Norfolk Public School System who were identified as disadvantaged and as either …

The Ability Of The Special Needs Child In Comparison To The Average Child In A Beginning Computerized Keyboarding Class, Deborah K. Marshall

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The problem of this study was to determine how the ability of the special needs child, when mainstreamed into a Beginning Computerized Keyboarding course, compared to that of the average child. The hypothesis was that there was no significant difference in the learning of special needs students and academically average students when taught Beginning Computerized Keyboarding.

Block Scheduling Versus Traditional Scheduling And Its Effects On Student Sat Scores, Amanda Crites

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The problem of this study was to determine if there was a difference in SAT scores at Bethel High School since it moved from a traditional schedule to an A/B block schedule. The hypothesis is that there is no correlation.

A Study To Determine The Supply And Demand Of Marketing Education Teachers Within The Next Five School Years In The Tidewater, Virginia Area, Christin Leigh Gilbert

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The following goals were established to find a solution to this problem: 1. Determine the number of graduates in this field that will be seeking employment; 2. Determine the number of positions to be filled due to the number of persons retiring from Marketing Education teaching positions; 3. Determine the number of positions to be filled due to career changes of Marketing Education teachers; 4. Determine the growth of local school district Marketing Education programs; 5. Determine the future needs for Marketing Education teachers.

A Survey Of The Student Attitudes Toward Woodworking Technology At F. E. Kellam High School, Michael R. Vanture

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The problems of this study was to determine the reason or reasons behind the selection of woods technology by those students who were fulfilling an elective course credit at Kellam High School. Among those ideas that were being examined were 1) the student's attraction to the material and the product that results from the material; 2) other influences such as parents, peers, and school counselors; 3) to what degree does occupational or vocational intent interest the student.

A Study Comparing Basic Skills Of Computer Assisted Drafting Students To Traditional Drafting Students, Mark D. Pavlak

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The problem will be addressed through the following hypotheses: 1. There is a significant difference in the performance of students enrolled in basic drafting who are taught CAD drafting instruction compared to those taught traditional drafting instruction in the quality of drawing; 2. There will be a significant difference in the technical proficiency of the CAD group compared to the technical proficiency of the traditional group.

A Study To Determine The Feasibility Of A Joint Military Family Assistance Program In The Hampton Roads Area, Janice G. Poole

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The following questions were addressed: 1. What, if any, are the commonalities in the family programs between the service branches? 2. What is the primary focus of each system? 3. What is the background and purpose of each of the organizations? 4. What are the major components of each services family programs? 5. Is there currently any cooperation between the different branches?

The Implementation Of "Lab 2000" And "Synergistic Systems" In Middle School Laboratories In Virginia, Patricia M. Ways

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

To solve this problem, the following goals were developed: 1. Determine the effectiveness of the "high tech" laboratories with regard to implementing the middle school curriculum; 2. Make recommendations for facility and curriculum changes based upon the observations of the practicing middle school teachers.

A Study To Determine The Attitudes Of Students Involved In A Junior Achievement Project Business Program, Jennifer K. Mcewen

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The objectives of this research were: 1. To identify the positive/negative attributes of volunteers; 2. To determine if the type of role model makes a difference in the classroom; 3. To determine if we need additional minority role models in Project Business classroom.

History And Analysis Of Food Guides In The United States, Barbara B. Carlson

Health Services Research Dissertations

This work elucidates the development of nutrient-based dietary standards in the United States from the original energy and protein-based standards proposed by Atwater in 1894 to the micronutrient-based Recommended Dietary Allowances revised by the National Research Council in 1989. This qualitative historical research chronicles the development and subsequent revisions of nutrient-based food guides and food guidance models issued in the United States between 1916 and 1991. A literature search of historical food guides, research, and review papers from the fields of nutrition science and education, dietetics, and health science provided primary sources of information for the history. A literature search …

A Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Present Methods Of Extinguishing Disruptive Classroom Behavior At An Alternative High School, Jon J. Cookson

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The goals of this research were threefold: 1. What were the two most prevalent disruptive classroom behaviors; 2. What current methods were used to discourage the two most prevalent disruptive classroom behaviors; 3. What current methods to prevent disruptive classroom behavior from occurring were most effective.

A Study To Determine The Development Of Organizational Commitment In Restaurant Training Practices, Stephanie Kamp-Carcano

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

By completion of this study, the following goals will have been answered: 1. The methods and procedures used by Virginia Beach restaurants in the training of wait staff will be identified; 2. the existence of restaurant objectives in training programs will be identified; 3. the attitudes of managers toward the effectiveness of training programs will be documented; 4. the organizational commitment of waitpersons in Virginia Beach will be measured.

A Study To Determine International Technology Education Association Teacher Of The Year Recipient Attitudes Toward Program Change In Technology Education, Kevin Wayne Wong

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The following goals were used to direct this study: 1. Determine the technology education program classification of teachers of the year when they were selected for the honor; 2. Determine if programmatic changes have been made by teachers since being selected teacher of the year; 3. Determine the state of technology education programs as taught by ITEA teacher of the year recipients.

A Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Self-Paced Learning Activity Packaged Compared With Various Teacher Directed Instructional Classroom Techniques On Fundamentals Of Marketing Students At Lakeland High School, Edward L. Sawyer

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The hypothesis of this study was: 1) there would be no significant difference in the learning outcomes of the students who were exposed to various teaching techniques and those who were exposed to only using IDECC learning activity packages.

The Effects Of An Inservice Training Program For Cooperating Teachers On The Supervision Of Student Teachers In An Urban School System, Cheryl S. Baker

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The primary task of this research was to develop, implement, and evaluate an inservice training program designed to provide cooperating teachers with supervisory skills. The research design employed to evaluate this study utilized both quantitative and qualitative methods and procedures. Quantitative methods included a quasi-experimental design with the inservice training program as the independent variable and the posttest measure of cooperating teacher effectiveness as the dependent variable. Participants in the investigation were 42 student teacher triads--student teachers from two large urban universities, their cooperating teachers in schools providing placements for the student teaching experience and their university supervisors. The 21 …

An Unsolicited Sociotechnical Intervention In A Public System: A Participatory Action Research Approach, Ely Alfred Dorsey Jr.

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This research concerns itself with Participatory Action Research in a hostile setting. The thrust is a sociotechnical one, with the intent being to enhance the capacity of the Wallop Public School System, Wallop, USA, to address its problem of racial disparate treatment of Black children. The potential for Organizational Learning among the school system's senior staff is studied. Some new theory about such hostile interventions is proposed. Also discussed are questions about reliability and construct validity within the context of the multiple role playing that an interventionist has in this setting. The role of the press is reflected in the …

Compressed Digital Video Instructional Delivery: A Study Of Student Achievement, Student Attitude, And Instructor Attitude, Eddyth Niceler Worley

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was to investigate compressed digital video as an instructional delivery system for distance learning. The independent variable was delivery mode. Two levels of this variable were considered. Level 1 was one-way video/two-way audio. Level 2 was two-way video/two-way audio. Student achievement, student attitude, and instructor attitude were measured as dependent variables.

A quasi-experimental study comparing the two delivery modes was conducted. Two treatment groups were established. Both groups received instruction simultaneously from the same instructors. Instructors used both treatment modes (delivery systems) during instruction.

Instructor and student subjects were naval, civilian and military personnel involved …

The "Virginian-Pilot" Newspaper's Role In Moderating Norfolk, Virginia's 1958 School Desegregation Crisis, Alexander Stewart Leidholdt

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This dissertation explores the critical role played by the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot newspaper's editor, Lenoir Chambers, in moderating public opinion during Norfolk, Virginia's, 1958/1959 public-school closing.

In 1958 the nation's attention was focused on Norfolk. In an attempt to stymy judicially mandated integration, Virginia's Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr., supported by the powerful political organization of United States senator Harry Flood Byrd, Sr., ordered the city to close its public schools.

Norfolk was a major urban area. Over ten thousand students were displaced by the state action; and four months after the closing, three thousand students were still receiving no education. …

The Effects Of Wellness Activity Choices On Urban Employees' Psychological Mood States And Job Satisfaction, Ruth Porter Holland

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This ex-post-facto study was designed to examine the effects of varied levels of physical activity participation choices on employees' mood states and job satisfaction. A six (group) x two (sex) x three (times) ANCOVA method analyzed the relationship of three independent variables (group, sex and repeated exercise sessions) to ten dependent psychological measures (seven mood states and three job satisfaction components). Comparisons by group, sex, and time were made to determine whether four treatment groups of male and female employees who made choices to participate in varied levels of physical activity over an eight week period differed significantly from two …

Psychosocial Developmental Levels Of Freshman Urban University Students With Learning Disabilities, Nancy Ann Wolthuis Olthoff

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This research study addressed the question, "Is there a difference in psychosocial developmental levels, as defined by Arthur Chickering, between male and female traditional-aged urban university freshmen with and without learning disabilities?" Twenty students with learning disabilities, as diagnosed by independent practitioners who exhibited spelling disabilities on a writing sample placement test, were compared to two comparable groups of twenty students. One comparison group did not exhibit spelling disability. The second group while demonstrating spelling problems, did not have documentation of learning disabilities. The Student Developmental Task and Lifestyle Inventory, a measure of Arthur Chickering's theory of psychosocial development, was …