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Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Education
Broadened Possibilities: Undocumented Community College Student Course Enrollment After The California Dream Act, Federick Ngo, Juanita K. Hinojosa
Broadened Possibilities: Undocumented Community College Student Course Enrollment After The California Dream Act, Federick Ngo, Juanita K. Hinojosa
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Some states have enacted inclusive policies that reduce constraints and uncertainty for undocumented students, potentially changing their academic decisions and postsecondary goals. We explore shifts in continuing undocumented community college students’ course-taking before and after the California DREAM Act, which provided access to state financial aid. We use difference-in-differences comparisons with permanent residents, refugees, and U.S. citizens who were unaffected by these policies to examine policy impacts. After its implementation, continuing students increased their enrollment intensity, primarily in degree-applicable and transferable courses, and decreased coursework in career/technical education. This suggests state financial aid may have broadened postsecondary possibilities and made …
Social Justice Leadership: Coming To Know Another Possibility Through Autoethnography, Jacob D. Skousen
Social Justice Leadership: Coming To Know Another Possibility Through Autoethnography, Jacob D. Skousen
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Traditional notions of learning, teaching, schooling, and leading, contribute to the inequity and injustice found in schools. In this study, autoethnography was used as a process and product to explore one leader’s journey opening and leading a new “alternative” school as the school’s principal. These experiences create the backdrop of a larger narrative about public schooling and leadership. The findings, expressed through narrative, demonstrate that schools do not have to beget oppression, and school practices, framed in social justice, can create the needed environment and culture to develop liberatory praxis.
Power In A Pandemic: Teachers’ Unions And Their Responses To School Reopening, Bradley D. Marianno, Annie A. Hemphill, Ana Paula S. Loures-Elias, Libna Garcia, Deanna Cooper, Emily Coombes
Power In A Pandemic: Teachers’ Unions And Their Responses To School Reopening, Bradley D. Marianno, Annie A. Hemphill, Ana Paula S. Loures-Elias, Libna Garcia, Deanna Cooper, Emily Coombes
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Drawing on Bachrach and Baratz’s first and second faces of interest group power, we explore the relationship between teachers’ union power and reopening decisions during the fall 2020 semester in 250 large districts around the United States. We leverage a self-collected panel data set of reopening decisions coupled with measures of teachers’ union first face power (drawn from social media postings on teachers’ unions’ Facebook pages) and second face power (operationalized as district size, whether the school district negotiates a collective bargaining agreement with the teachers’ union, the length of the collective bargaining agreement, and the amount of revenue raised …
Cultivating Graduate Stem Pathways: How Alliance-Based Stem Enrichment Programs Broker Opportunity For Students Of Color, Ariana L. Garcia, Tonisha B. Lane, Blanca E. Rincón
Cultivating Graduate Stem Pathways: How Alliance-Based Stem Enrichment Programs Broker Opportunity For Students Of Color, Ariana L. Garcia, Tonisha B. Lane, Blanca E. Rincón
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
To understand how higher education institutions broker graduate opportunities for Students of Color (SOCs) in STEM, we employ a single case study of a Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) alliance. Drawing primarily from student interviews and informed by Small’s (2006) organizational brokerage theory, our findings illuminate how 1) alliance-based STEM enrichment programs (SEPs) bridge social capital via interorganizational networks and 2) how SEP instability creates barriers to building the trust that is central to the brokerage process. We conclude with recommendations for future research and practice.
The Effect Of Teachers’ Union Contracts On School District Efficiency: Longitudinal Evidence From California, Bradley D. Marianno, Paul Bruno, Kathrine O. Strunk
The Effect Of Teachers’ Union Contracts On School District Efficiency: Longitudinal Evidence From California, Bradley D. Marianno, Paul Bruno, Kathrine O. Strunk
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
© The Author(s) 2021. While the effect of teachers’ unions on school districts continues to be debated, the research literature provides few definitive conclusions to guide these discussions. In this article, we examine the relationship between teachers’ union contracts and school district efficiency. We define efficiency as the ratio of short-run productivity (student performance on standardized exams) to expenditures. We estimate a series of school district fixed effect models using measures of district collective bargaining agreement (CBA) restrictiveness tied to longitudinal outcomes. We find that CBA restrictiveness is positively associated with expenditures on students, instruction, instruction support services, and teacher …
Teachers’ Unions, Collective Bargaining, And The Response To Covid-19, Annie A. Hemphill, Bradley D. Marianno
Teachers’ Unions, Collective Bargaining, And The Response To Covid-19, Annie A. Hemphill, Bradley D. Marianno
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
In response to the COVID-19 crisis, school districts worked quickly to roll out distance learning plans in the spring. Sometimes these plans impinged upon or were directly in conflict with provisions found in collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) negotiated between teachers' unions and district administration. In this brief, we unpack how urban school systems changed CBAs to make way for learning under COVID-19 conditions. We review COVID-19–related contract changes in 101 urban school districts around the country. We find that twenty-five urban school districts returned to the bargaining table with teachers’ unions to negotiate short-term fixes to CBAs that allowed for …
Traditional Principals’ Reaction To A Charter School Opening, Dana L. Bickmore
Traditional Principals’ Reaction To A Charter School Opening, Dana L. Bickmore
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
© 2020 SAGE Publications. Using multiple case studies, I examined how three traditional principals reacted and responded over time to the opening of a charter school in their attendance boundaries. Findings suggest principals’ reactions to competition shifted based on their perceptions of their status and competitive advantage in the market. These perceptual changes were the result of interactions with parents/guardians, staff, teachers, and students. This study has implications for how principals’ perceptions over time may affect engagement in competitive markets.
How Aspiring Principals Applied Course-Based Learning To Develop School Improvement Plans, Dana L. Bickmore, Maria M. Roberts, Miguel M. Gonzales
How Aspiring Principals Applied Course-Based Learning To Develop School Improvement Plans, Dana L. Bickmore, Maria M. Roberts, Miguel M. Gonzales
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
© 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: School improvement planning and implementation is one organizational process by which principals may positively impact school and student outcomes. Limited research, however, has explored how principal preparation programs prepare aspiring leaders for this common school leadership activity. This study examined aspiring principals engaged in the school improvement process by evaluating what they included in their school improvement plans (SIPs) that were developed as part of their field experience. Design/methodology/approach: The authors examined SIPs aspiring principals collaboratively developed as part of their field experience. Using an abductive analysis method, combining both deductive and inductive coding …
Research Methods For Education With Technology: Four Concerns, Examples, And Recommendations, Daniel B. Wright
Research Methods For Education With Technology: Four Concerns, Examples, And Recommendations, Daniel B. Wright
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
The success of education with technology research is in part because the field draws upon theories and methods from multiple disciplines. However, drawing upon multiple disciplines has drawbacks because sometimes the methodological expertise of each discipline is not applied when researchers conduct studies outside of their research training. The focus here is on research using methods drawn largely from psychology, for example, evaluating the impact of different systems on how students perform. The methodological concerns discussed are: low power; not using multilevel modeling; dichotomization; and inaccurate reporting of the numeric statistics. Examples are drawn from a recent set of proceedings. …
Allocation To Groups: Examples Of Lord's Paradox, Daniel B. Wright
Allocation To Groups: Examples Of Lord's Paradox, Daniel B. Wright
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Background Educational and developmental psychologists often examine how groups change over time. Two analytic procedures – analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and the gain score model – each seem well suited for the simplest situation, with just two groups and two time points. They can produce different results, what is known as Lord's paradox. Aims Several factors should influence a researcher's analytic choice. This includes whether the score from the initial time influences how people are assigned to groups. Examples are shown, which will help to explain this to researchers and students, and are of educational relevance. It is shown that …
Negotiating The Great Recession: How Teacher Collective Bargaining Outcomes Change In Times Of Financial Duress, Katharine O. Strunk, Bradley D. Marianno
Negotiating The Great Recession: How Teacher Collective Bargaining Outcomes Change In Times Of Financial Duress, Katharine O. Strunk, Bradley D. Marianno
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
This article examines how teacher collective bargaining agreements (CBAs), teacher salaries, and class sizes changed during the Great Recession. Using a district-level data set of California teacher CBAs that includes measures of subarea contract strength and salaries from 2005–2006 and 2011–2012 tied to district-level longitudinal data, we estimate difference-in-difference models to examine bargaining outcomes for districts that should have been more or less fiscally constrained. We find that unions and administrators change critical elements of CBAs and district policy during times of fiscal duress. This includes increasing class sizes, reducing instructional time, and lowering base salaries to relieve financial pressures …
Middle Grades Principal Credentialing: A Vanishing Requirement, Christina Digaudio, Dana L. Bickmore
Middle Grades Principal Credentialing: A Vanishing Requirement, Christina Digaudio, Dana L. Bickmore
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Limited research explores how school administrators learn the leadership skills, knowledge, and dispositions that will support young adolescents, particularly how administrators are prepared and credentialed to lead middle grades schools. The purpose of this research was to examine which states offered and/or required administrator credentials specific to middle grades and why states do or do not offer or require such credentialing. Analysis of the data indicates that states are moving away from specific credentialing for middle grades school administrators, with only one state still offering such a credential. Although state credentialing officers indicated the value of a specific middle grades …
Understanding Teacher Turnover In Two Charter Schools: Principal Dispositions And Practices, Dana L. Bickmore, Margaret Mary Sulentic Dowell
Understanding Teacher Turnover In Two Charter Schools: Principal Dispositions And Practices, Dana L. Bickmore, Margaret Mary Sulentic Dowell
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
US charter schools experience higher rates of teacher turnover than traditional public schools. The purpose of this study was to examine charter principals’ professional dispositions and practices that might contribute to teacher turnover. Specifically we asked – How do charter school principal professional dispositions and practices affect school working conditions and impact teacher commitment to remain or leave a charter schools? The study design was an embedded three-year case study of principal leadership in two charter schools. Data sources included principal and teacher interviews, school observations, and artifacts. Themes were derived from two constant comparative analyses, one of principal dispositions, …
Design Considerations For Education Scholars Interested In Complex Systems Research, Gwen C. Marchand, Jonathan C. Hilpert
Design Considerations For Education Scholars Interested In Complex Systems Research, Gwen C. Marchand, Jonathan C. Hilpert
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
As complex systems approaches to research gain a foothold in educational research, educational researchers may be faced with unique study design challenges. Studies that do not target appropriate levels of analysis or do not capture variable change over time at a fine enough granularity run the risk of missing complex, dynamic, and emergent properties that are the hallmark of complex system behavior. By taking into account context, multiple levels of analysis, and change over time complex systems approaches generate evidence for dynamic processes in education. This paper draws upon three example areas from educational psychology to illustrate important design considerations …
Mathematics Course Placement Using Holistic Measures: Possibilities For Community College Students., Federick Ngo, W. Edward Chi, Elizabeth So Yun Park
Mathematics Course Placement Using Holistic Measures: Possibilities For Community College Students., Federick Ngo, W. Edward Chi, Elizabeth So Yun Park
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Background/Context: Most community colleges across the country use a placement test to determine students’ readiness for college-level coursework, yet these tests are admittedly imperfect instruments. Researchers have documented significant problems stemming from overreliance on placement testing, including placement error and misdiagnosis of remediation needs. They have also described significant consequences of misplacement, which can hinder the educational progression and attainment of community college students. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: We explore possibilities for placing community college students in mathematics courses using a holistic approach that considers measures beyond placement test scores. This includes academic background measures, such as high school GPA …
The Effects Of Doodling On Recall Ability, Jason Bruce Boggs, Jillian Lane Cohen, Gwen C. Marchand
The Effects Of Doodling On Recall Ability, Jason Bruce Boggs, Jillian Lane Cohen, Gwen C. Marchand
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Previous research has documented a positive effect of doodling on individuals’ ability to recall information. However, previous research is limited to structured doodling tasks, such as shading in basic shapes. The present study extends the extant research, and increases the external validity of the previous findings, by considering the effects of multiple forms of doodling on recall. In this experimental study, ninety-three undergraduate participants were randomly assigned to one of 4 conditions (control, structured doodling, unstructured doodling, or note-taking). Participants listened to a fictional dialogue between 2 friends discussing a recent earthquake and then completed a fill-in the blank quiz …
The Impact Of Service Learning On Moral Development And Moral Orientation, Matthew L. Bernacki Phd, Elizabeth A. Jaeger
The Impact Of Service Learning On Moral Development And Moral Orientation, Matthew L. Bernacki Phd, Elizabeth A. Jaeger
Educational Psychology, Leadership, and Higher Education Faculty Research
Research on Service-learning's (SL) impact on students' moral development has been "mixed." In this study, 46 students in SL and non-SL sections of comparable courses offered at a northeastern Catholic university completed the Defining Issues Test, the Moral Justification Scale, and the SL Outcome Scale at the beginning and end of a semester. Although scores on moral development and orientation did not change significantly, SL students reported becoming more compassionate and more sensitive, having a greater understanding of and ability to solve social problems, and possessing a greater efficacy to make the world better. While a single-semester exposure to SL …