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The Issue Of Mutuality In Canada-China Educational Collaboration, Phirom Leng, Julia Pan
The Issue Of Mutuality In Canada-China Educational Collaboration, Phirom Leng, Julia Pan
Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale
This paper examines the power relationships in two major Canada-China university linkage programs which ran between 1989 and 2001: the Canada-China University Linkage Program [CCULP] (1989-1995) and the Special University Linkage Consolidation Program [SULCP] (1996-2001). The study adopts the cosmopolitan concept of mutuality as a theoretical lens and employs the analytical method of constant comparison of qualitative data to explore the context surrounding the mutuality evidenced in CCULP/SULCP. The findings show that both programs manifested the four characteristics of mutuality identified by Johan Galtung: equity, autonomy, solidarity and participation. Human values or cultural agency were identified as the key factor …