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Comprehension Monitoring Strategies Of College Reading Methods Students, Mary F. Heller
Comprehension Monitoring Strategies Of College Reading Methods Students, Mary F. Heller
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Recent theoretical and applied research into metacognition has provided important pedagogical implications for improving reading comprehension skills, specifically through comprehension monitoring strategies. A promising breakthrough in reading comprehension methodology involves asking students how they came to know what they know and then directly teaching them comprehension monitoring strategies through teacher modeling techniques (Heller, 1986; Palinscar & Brown, 1984). Thus, an effective way to teach the concept of metacognition to college juniors and seniors is to involve them in a comprehension monitoring activity. This paper is about the results of a study in which 50 undergraduate reading methods students learned about …
Get A Grip On Comprehension, Paul M. Hollingsworth, D. Ray Reutzel
Get A Grip On Comprehension, Paul M. Hollingsworth, D. Ray Reutzel
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Durkin's research (1978-79) has indicated that much more time is spent testing reading comprehension than teaching it. Consequently, all reading comprehension skills need to be taught by the teacher to the students in the classroom. Since making inferences is a necessary comprehension skill when reading across the curriculum (Gordon, 1985), it also must be taught. However, many children find it difficult to make inferences because they are required not only to derive a conclusion from the facts or premises found in their reading materials, but in many cases, they must go beyond the text to their own knowledge and experiences …
Reading Horizons Vol. 29, No. 1
Reading Horizons Vol. 29, No. 1
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 29, issue 1.
Readability And Parent Communications: Can Parents Understand What Schools Write To Them?, Nancy A. Mavrogenes
Readability And Parent Communications: Can Parents Understand What Schools Write To Them?, Nancy A. Mavrogenes
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
As for Americans in their early 20s, the National Assessment of Education Progress found in 1985 that 6 percent could not read as well as the average 4th grader and 20 percent could not read as well as an 8th grader ("20% of Young Americans," 1986). Therefore, it seems reasonable to assume that a significant number of parents in these school programs for educationally disadvantaged children are unable to read the communications sent to them by the schools.
Leadership Perceptions Of The Elementary School Program, Marie F. Doan, Ronald G. Noland
Leadership Perceptions Of The Elementary School Program, Marie F. Doan, Ronald G. Noland
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The major purpose of this study was to identify similarities and differences between principals' and teachers' perceptions of the involvement of principals in the elementary school reading program. Such clarification was necessary in order to promote clear communication between the principals and teachers to meet program needs.
The Reading Process For The Beginning Reader, Mary Jane Gray
The Reading Process For The Beginning Reader, Mary Jane Gray
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
In spite of the fact that most of us learn to read to some degree or another in our lifetimes, no one has yet provided for us an answer to the question "What is reading?" Unfortunately, there is no single, simple answer to this question now, nor will there be such an answer in the future. Further, learning to read is a process which is unique for each individual. The reading task for a beginning reader is quite different from the task for a reader who has attained some proficiency. There is a common thread, however, in the reading process …
Improving The Reading Comprehension Skills Of Poor Readers, J. Lloyd Eldredge
Improving The Reading Comprehension Skills Of Poor Readers, J. Lloyd Eldredge
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Although much has been written about reading comprehension in the last twenty years, theories defining the comprehension process, and strategies on how to teach it still pique the interest of educators. This article addresses the negative effects of poor decoding on reading comprehension, and reviews various strategies that have been used with poor readers to successfully compensate for the problem. It is proposed that the extensive exposure to printed discourse, and the phrase and sentence reading provided students in these successful remediation strategies are keys to improving the comprehension of poor readers.
Developing Higher-Level Comprehension With Short Stories, Richard J. Smith
Developing Higher-Level Comprehension With Short Stories, Richard J. Smith
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The instructional guides described in this article are designed to raise students' thinking about short stories beyond factual recall to interpretation, application, synthesis and evaluation of material suitable for those levels of cognitive behavior. They are also designed to foster positive affective responses as concomitant reading behaviors. The objective of the guides is to teach students to apply their best thinking to short stories just as they do to the games they play, the movies they watch, the decisions they make about spending or saving money, and other matters in their lives that stimulate their best thoughts and strongest feelings.
The Reading Preferences Of Third, Fourth, And Fifth Graders, Peter J.L. Fisher
The Reading Preferences Of Third, Fourth, And Fifth Graders, Peter J.L. Fisher
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sex, grade, race, and teacher variables influenced the reading interests of children in the intermediate grades. It was hypothesized that each of the four listed variables would have an independent effect on children's preferences.
Reading Difficulties: Eradication Of Causes Treatment Of Symptoms?, John H. Warren
Reading Difficulties: Eradication Of Causes Treatment Of Symptoms?, John H. Warren
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
In the literary treatment of causes and symptoms pertaining to reading disability, it is obvious to this writer that a rather consequential shift has occurred over the past two decades or so. This perceived change has not been one of semantics involving "cause" and "symptom" but, seemingly, has reflected some modulation in expectations articulated about the two. For all practical purposes in reading diagnosis and for clarification here, "symptom" is regarded as an indicator of probable causation of a problem; and "cause," a factor actually responsible for some difficulty. Before proceeding, however, two questions must be addressed: (1) Concerning symptoms …
Strategic Preferences Of Good And Poor Beginning Readers, Beverly B. Swanson
Strategic Preferences Of Good And Poor Beginning Readers, Beverly B. Swanson
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The purposes of this study are the following: (1) Can the "talk aloud" procedure elicit a variety of responses from students as young as first grade? ... even poor readers? (2) Can strategic preferences be differentiated between the poor and good beginning readers?
Author Index
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Index to authors in volume 28.
A Pleasant Reminder: There Is An Established Criteria For Writing Alphabet Books, Betty L. Criscoe
A Pleasant Reminder: There Is An Established Criteria For Writing Alphabet Books, Betty L. Criscoe
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Since alphabet books are usually entertaining, as well as colorful, they continue to be favorites of young children. Teachers select them to develop language and to teach sound-symbol relationships. Illustrators and authors of alphabet books, however, continue to violate the criteria for these books established by Huck and Kuhn. According to Huck and Kuhn, a good alphabet book should have: 1. One or two easily identifiable objects--objects meaningful for the age level of the child for whom the book was written--should be presented on a page. 2. Objects such as rabbit, having several correct names, should be avoided. 3. The …
Reading Horizons Vol. 28, No. 4
Reading Horizons Vol. 28, No. 4
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 28, issue 4.
Readability And Parent Communications: Can Parents Understand What Schools Write To Them?, Nancy A. Mavrogenes
Readability And Parent Communications: Can Parents Understand What Schools Write To Them?, Nancy A. Mavrogenes
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
In the past two decades, much has changed in education. The civil rights movement in the 1960s focused attention on the unequal schooling of minorities and the poor preparation of those groups for school. At the same time Jerome Bruner and Benjamin Bloom were claiming that children can learn any subject at any age and that they attain half their intellectual ability by the age of 4, thus emphasizing the importance of early childhood education (Elkind, 1986). In the later 60s and early 70s, when it was becoming clear that new early childhood programs were not enough alone to meet …
Making Repeated Readings A Functional Part Of Classroom Reading Instruction, Timothy Rasinski
Making Repeated Readings A Functional Part Of Classroom Reading Instruction, Timothy Rasinski
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Students often fail to connect the rereading they are asked to do with some purpose that is functional and meaningful within their real life experiences. Because of this students often see repeated reading as a meaningless school task.
Turning Contemporary Reading Research Into Instructional Practice, Alan Frager, Amos L. Hahn
Turning Contemporary Reading Research Into Instructional Practice, Alan Frager, Amos L. Hahn
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
This article highlights four promising areas of contemporary reading research as well as the instructional practices implied by recent findings.
Article Index
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Index to articles published in volume 28.
Story Grammars: Are They Relevant For Classroom Teachers?, Mary Jane Gray
Story Grammars: Are They Relevant For Classroom Teachers?, Mary Jane Gray
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The focus of this article will be on one area which has received emphasis during this time, story grammar, and the relevance of this area for reading teachers.
Helping Young Readers: A Teacher's Talk For Parents, Jill Fitzgerald
Helping Young Readers: A Teacher's Talk For Parents, Jill Fitzgerald
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The present article outlines an entertaining one-hour talk designed to communicate a current perspectives on reading (Goodman, 1967; Rumelhart, 1977) and makes suggestions for helping young readers at home.
Helping Parents Help Their Children, Linda M. Clary
Helping Parents Help Their Children, Linda M. Clary
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Reading specialists are often besieged by calls from frantic parents. "What can I do? My child is having trouble with . . . " Many times, a long conversation follows in which, consistently, one fact emerges--the parent, genuinely concerned about the child's protlem, wants to know something specific and concrete to do. We usually suggest the procedure of having the child's ploblems diagnosed and followed up by prescriptive instruction, either in the classroom or through a clinic or tutor. Still, though, many parents are not satisfied. They feel very concerned about their child's problems and Want to know about something …
Reading Research: Can It Improve Comprehension Instruction?, Amos L. Hahn
Reading Research: Can It Improve Comprehension Instruction?, Amos L. Hahn
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
The purpose of this article is to review the research supporting these two instructional models (Teacher Explanation and Teacher Mentoring), and to suggest implications for classroom reading instruction.
Research Implications For Improving Basal Skill Instruction, Ray D. Reutzel, Robert B. Cooter Jr.
Research Implications For Improving Basal Skill Instruction, Ray D. Reutzel, Robert B. Cooter Jr.
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
We recommend that teachers teach basal skill lessons prior to reading the stories or text regardless of the placement of basal skill lesson instructional directives in the teacher's manual. By teaching skills prior to reading, students gain necessary reading skills in preparation for reading rather than learning reading skills after reading only to be applied to worksheets. Aside from theory and research, common sense dictates that if reading skills are learned to help one successfully read a text, then reading skill instruction should preced the text reading.
Five Strategies For Teaching Vocabulary As A Process, Nancy L. Hadaway, Viola Florez
Five Strategies For Teaching Vocabulary As A Process, Nancy L. Hadaway, Viola Florez
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Building vocabulary is an important component of any reading program; it is a crucial comprehension skill. In fact, Davis (1968), in an analysis of comprehension skills, found word knowledge to be the key factor in comprehension. However, vocabulary has often been relegated to a secondary position in the scheme of language development, and no real systematic program for vocabulary building in reading or language arts course really exists (0' Rourke, 1974). Additionally, the approaches to vocabulary study have long emphasized product over process (Brooks, 1986). Students have been presented with long lists of often unrelated terms that they could study …
Informal Reading Inventory Comprehension Questions: Are Classification Schemes Valid?, Rosie Webb Joels, Betty Anderson
Informal Reading Inventory Comprehension Questions: Are Classification Schemes Valid?, Rosie Webb Joels, Betty Anderson
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
An area of controversy in reading diagnosis and instruction is that of the nature of comprehension. Questions have been raised about varied thinking skills employed during the comprehension of text. Is comprehension a unitary process? Or, is comprehension composed of different abilities based on the complexity of thought processes required?
Reading Choices Of Native Children-And Informal Analysis, Katy Spangler
Reading Choices Of Native Children-And Informal Analysis, Katy Spangler
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
In this study, I chose to look at reading lists of Native children in one Alaskan school to see if any preferences toward books about Alaskan people were evident. These lists were compared to those of non-Native students. The results may be useful to professionals when buying books and making recommendations about books for Native children.
Reading Horizons Vol. 28, No. 3
Reading Horizons Vol. 28, No. 3
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 28, issue 3.
Heads Up, Delwyn G. Schubert
Heads Up, Delwyn G. Schubert
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
Many have seen a pianist adjust and readjust a piano stool before beginning a performance, or, perhaps, have received instruction as to how to hold a golf club prior to the involved act of swinging at the golf ball. Any complicated skill, it seems, requires proper position if optimum results are to be attained. But few of us realize that proper position is just as essential when engaged in the complicated act of reading as it is when playing a piano or driving a golf ball.
Text Organiztion And Structure In Science Textbooks, Pamela J. Farris, Rodney W. Kissinger, Thomas Thompson
Text Organiztion And Structure In Science Textbooks, Pamela J. Farris, Rodney W. Kissinger, Thomas Thompson
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
This study examined the text organization and structure of fourth and sixth grade science textbooks. This included prereading questions, advance organizers, margin notes, and type of text structure. In addition, chapter activities were classified as to the degree of problem solving skills developed by ranking the activities according to Bloom's (1956) taxonomy of cognitive skills.
What's The Value Of An Iri? Is It Being Used?, Evelyn F. Searls
What's The Value Of An Iri? Is It Being Used?, Evelyn F. Searls
Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts
This study sought to answer the following questions: 1. To what extent is the IRI used for the purpose of initial placement of students in reading materials? 2. To what extent do classroom teachers and support specialists value the IRI as a means of providing diagnostic information about students' reading levels (subsequent to initial placement), oral reading ability, comprehension ability, and word recognition skills? 3. How frequently do classroom teachers and support specialists administer an IRI to obtain diagnostic information? 4. What is the relationship between classroom teachers' and support specialist' frequency use of the IRI for diagnostic purposes and …