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Reflections On The Development Of The Iea Civic And Citizenship Education Studies, Wolfram Schulz
Reflections On The Development Of The Iea Civic And Citizenship Education Studies, Wolfram Schulz
Civics and Citizenship Assessment
This chapter discusses the content, design, and methods of the three IEA studies of civic and citizenship education. It focuses on the changes made between each of these studies and the contexts for this learning area. The IEA Civic Education Study (CIVED) in 1999 was developed soon after the transition to democracy in many participating countries; threats to civil society in the early 2000s such as terrorism influenced the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) in 2009. The design of ICCS in 2016 responded to the increasing importance of social media in civic engagement, the growth in awareness of …