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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Education
Psyche Means Soul: Understanding The Role Of Spirituality In Psychotherapy, Emily R. Askew
Psyche Means Soul: Understanding The Role Of Spirituality In Psychotherapy, Emily R. Askew
Graduate Research Papers
Until the growth of science in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the treatment of the mind was inseparable from the treatment of the body and the spirit (Benner, 1989). Across all cultures and faiths, the individual was seen as a complex whole whose physical and emotional symptoms were considered a sign of an estrangement from a larger spiritual dimension. Shamans, priests, faith healers and witch doctors all called upon divine principals to aid in the healing of the person under their care whether the affliction be a broken arm or a broken heart. However, advancement in medicine quickly excised …
A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Randy Alan Mead
A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Randy Alan Mead
Graduate Research Papers
Close examination of the area of education clearly reveals that one must be considerate of many crucial areas. Society has become global in nature and people come from a very heterogeneous background. Analysis of documents regarding goals for U.S. schools reveals a steady evolution from the narrow academic skills to a far wider array of concerns (Goodlad, 1983b). One very important piece of knowledge to be internalized concerning education, is that it is a very complex institution. There seems to be no panacea on the horizon that individuals can begin to implement that will have a significant effect upon this …
Small Group Counseling For Stepchildren In Elementary School, Margaret K. Oler
Small Group Counseling For Stepchildren In Elementary School, Margaret K. Oler
Graduate Research Papers
Children who are members of stepfamilies are an increasing segment of our nation's school population, and their numbers may be expected to grow in the next decade (Crosbie-Burnett & Pulvino, 1990). Some demographers predict that as many as one-third of all children born in the 1980s may live with a stepparent before they are 18 (Kantrowitz & Wingert, 1990). A stepchild is defined as a child whose biological parent has remarried or married someone other than the child's other biological parent. Historically school policies and practices have related to students' families with the assumption that all two-parent families were nuclear, …
A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Clayton Michael Wilcox
A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Clayton Michael Wilcox
Graduate Research Papers
Jack Bowsher savy- a system serving only a quarter of its patrons well. A system which seemed immune to its own failures. I don't see it as an indictment of the.system, rather I see it as a challenge. My study in the graduate program has given me a perspective and sense of direction which can be used to make a difference. My graduate program, twelve years of classroom teaching and three years of administrative practice have been combined to develop a vision that, according to Jamieson and O'Mara (1991), reflects best practice, accepting individual differences, valuing people and providing choice. …
The Effects Of Extracurricular Activities On Student Achievement And Success, Timothy J. Means
The Effects Of Extracurricular Activities On Student Achievement And Success, Timothy J. Means
Graduate Research Papers
"Participation in extracurricular activities at the expense of academic learning time has become an issue in education. Decisions limiting or curtailing these activities are made on the assumption that they interfere with the primary purpose of education. If sound decisions are to be made regarding balance between formal instruction and extracurricular activities, we must determine whether they enhance or hinder learning. In other words, are they an integral part of a meaningful educational curriculum for adolescents, or a superficial distraction from it?" (Haensly, Lupkowski & Edlind, 1986) In 1984, Hall, Rutherford, Hord and Huling reported that the co/extracurriculum, which represents …
Extrainstitutional Learning Challenge In Higher Education, Laura D. Browne
Extrainstitutional Learning Challenge In Higher Education, Laura D. Browne
Graduate Research Papers
The number of adults entering and reentering higher education is rapidly increasing. Researchers have attempted to determine why adults return to higher education. Morstain and Smart (1977) noted five reasons: social learning, learning for the fun of learning, learning for stimulation or relaxation, career change and life transition. As these adult learners enter academe, they bring with them a wealth of knowledge and life experiences that will have little credibility in a system which only recognizes credit hours earned as the result of time spent in a classroom. This is a major obstacle for adults wishing to enter higher education.
Peer Coaching And The Role Of The Principal, Scott Dwayne Cakerice
Peer Coaching And The Role Of The Principal, Scott Dwayne Cakerice
Graduate Research Papers
The 1980s were subjected to pressures for educational reform. Many of these pressures were in direct relationship with the publication of "A Nation at Risk" in 1983. The preparation and training of teachers received the most attention in the reform movement. Many state agencies implemented new programs such as merit pay and career ladders. Today, another wave of reform is underway. The emphasis is now focused on restructuring schools. Educational leaders are now interested in improving the teaching profession. The leaders of state agencies and administrators want environments that help teachers and students grow to the greatest extent possible. This …
The Problem Of Students At Risk, J. V. Eckley
The Problem Of Students At Risk, J. V. Eckley
Graduate Research Papers
A number of national and state groups have issued reports over the years expressing great concern about the number of students who fail to graduate from high school. Their inability to acquire the knowledge, skills., and attitudes needed to become pr9ductive members of American society (Levin, 1986). The most recent of these reports comes from the Council of Chief State School Officers' (1987).
An Investigation Of The Merits Of Wellness Programs For Colleges And Universities : A Look At Developing The Whole Student, Kent Eugene Harfst
An Investigation Of The Merits Of Wellness Programs For Colleges And Universities : A Look At Developing The Whole Student, Kent Eugene Harfst
Graduate Research Papers
Wellness programs have become increasingly important in colleges and universities. This is a result of the development of the "whole" student concept that stresses: intellectual development: moral and spiritual development: development of the relationship between college students and faculty; and the relationship with people outside the academic community. Today, college student personnel have realized the importance of adding the physical well-being to this whole student concept. Wellness programs offer the college student the opportunity to improve their physical and mental capabilities. The University of Northern Iowa, along with other higher educational institutions, has developed wellness programs to help students realize …
College Student Personnel Services During The Expansionist Period 1812-1862, Daniel Henderson
College Student Personnel Services During The Expansionist Period 1812-1862, Daniel Henderson
Graduate Research Papers
Higher education in the United States can be divided into four distinct periods: The Colonial from 1630-1780, early Federalist from 1780-1812, Expansionist from 1812-1862, and the post Civil War period (Leonard, 1956).
The Application Of Student Development Theory In Multicultural Programming, Sharon Kay Johannsen
The Application Of Student Development Theory In Multicultural Programming, Sharon Kay Johannsen
Graduate Research Papers
The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of student development theory in multicultural programming. Part I takes a look at the theoretical models of Hoopes (1979) and Katz (1984). Bridges (1980, 1988) offered insight into ideas from the corporate world which may apply directly to related issues in higher education. Part II looks at the application of theory from first an administrative and then a student affairs approach. Combined, both approaches prove valuable for the institution as a whole to utilize effective models and implement multicultural programming. Part Ill offers implications and advances the discussion of issues, …
African American Males In Higher Education: Where Are They? And Why?, Wilfred M. Johnson
African American Males In Higher Education: Where Are They? And Why?, Wilfred M. Johnson
Graduate Research Papers
Little attention has been given to the lack of African American males in significant numbers in college and universities. African American males are not found in representative numbers in postsecondary institutions in proportion to any other group. African American males students make up 2.1 % of the United States population; in contrast they only represent .04% in postsecondary institutions (Anderson, Carter, Malizio & San 1989). This paper will explore some of the reasons for this phenomenon and the resulting impact on both the educational system and society at large. It will address the following questions: (1) Where are African American …
Working With Students With Disabilities: The Role Of The School Counselor, Teresa L. O'Meara
Working With Students With Disabilities: The Role Of The School Counselor, Teresa L. O'Meara
Graduate Research Papers
On October 28, 1990, the One Hundred and First Congress signed into effect the Americans with Disabilities Act (Public Law 101-336), promising to end and remediate the discrimination against people with disabilities in the following areas: employment, housing, public accommodations, travel, communications, and activities of state and local government (Rogovin, 1990) .
Childhood Depression, Jonnie M. Webster
Childhood Depression, Jonnie M. Webster
Graduate Research Papers
This paper will focus on a study of childhood depression using the following format. Childhood depression will be defined; characteri cs and symptoms will be discussed; an overview of theories about etiology will be presented; possible treatments will be reviewed; and practical applications and possible treatment as they relate to school counseling will also be included.
A Comprehensive Approach To Dropout Prevention Programs, Nancy A. Reising-Prohaska
A Comprehensive Approach To Dropout Prevention Programs, Nancy A. Reising-Prohaska
Graduate Research Papers
Educators have begun to focus on the "third wave" of reform, the prevention of dropouts (Hill, 1987). The first two waves of reform which took place during the 1970 1s and 1980's focused heavily on how to improve teaching--which ultimately led to higher standards in academic performance. These standards, along with a variety of other factors, have increased the population of "potential dropouts." Beck and Muia (1985) agree that the first two reforms had the unintended result of leaving further behind the students most in need of help in meeting higher standards. Therefore, the third reform taking place in the …
Egocentrism And Adolescent Development, Rodney Payne
Egocentrism And Adolescent Development, Rodney Payne
Graduate Research Papers
The behavior of adolescents can be very challenging to parents and educators. These young people have the ability to change moods and behavior day to day, with their emotions being up or down at any given moment. Also, they are often confused and look for security in their turbulent world. Their inconsistency in behavior and emotions tests the patience and understanding of adults who try to guide and direct them through these hectic years. According to Newman (1985) adolescence has been characterized as a period of inevitable stress and conflict, with adults almost helpless to intervene productively.
A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Susan Newman Cleveland
A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Susan Newman Cleveland
Graduate Research Papers
As I read these lines from A Tale of Two Ci ties, a novel about the French Revolution, I am struck with the fact that they could have been written about the state of American education today. When the "Nation at Risk" report came out in the early 80' s, it spoke of the ills of American education, and offered an abundance of "cures" in the way of strong suggestions. The report itself aroused consternation for the most part in the eyes of the American public, a public largely in favor of the sweeping reforms that were offered by this …
Benefits Of Preschool On At-Risk Student Achievement, Marilyn L. Ward
Benefits Of Preschool On At-Risk Student Achievement, Marilyn L. Ward
Graduate Research Papers
Historically, education has been a vehicle by which individuals improved their chances for a more productive and personally satisfying life. When the studies of the effects of early childhood education began in the 1960s, the basic question under investigation was, "Does preschool education make a difference in the lives of children?" Fears at that time were that preschool would be harmful to the development of children and to their relationship with their families.
Development Of A Discipline Plan For Secondary Schools, Gary Lee Ross
Development Of A Discipline Plan For Secondary Schools, Gary Lee Ross
Graduate Research Papers
Lack of discipline has consistently been cited as one of the most serious problems confronting the public schools. Gallup and Elam (1989) cited the lack of discipline In schools as the second most important problem facing the local public schools behind the use of drugs. School boards, parents, teachers, and administrators all seem to be dissatisfied with discipline in schools.
The Effects Of Teacher Empowerment On Student Achievement, Michael Dean Sawyer
The Effects Of Teacher Empowerment On Student Achievement, Michael Dean Sawyer
Graduate Research Papers
Today a major topic of conversation with administrators and teachers is teacher empowerment. Many people have their own beliefs on what constitutes teacher empowerment. one basic definition is that teacher empowerment is placing greater responsibility in the hands of teachers for the designs and delivery of educational strategies (Erlandson & Bifano, 1987). In one attempt to define empowerment in terms of a projected outcome, Gore (1989) indicated that empowerment was an end state hence he implied that empowerment is a goal or vision. Lightfoot (1985) on the other hand views empowerment as a process. He indicated that empowerment consists of …
Anorexia Nervosa: A Family Systems Perspective, Mary Tonkin
Anorexia Nervosa: A Family Systems Perspective, Mary Tonkin
Graduate Research Papers
Anorexia Nervosa is primarily a disorder of the adolescent female. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-111-R) (American Psychiatric Association, 1987), the age of onset is usually early to late adolescence (12-18), although it can range from prepuberty to the early 30s (rare) with a gender-specific psychopathology of 95% female. The cardinal feature of anorexia is the relentless pursuit of thinness, often leading to life-threatening weight loss. This pursuit of thinness becomes associated with intense fears about eating, gaining weight, getting fat, and losing control over food intake. A mortality rate between 5% and 18% is …
Educating Educators In The Selection, Design, And Utilization Of Educational Media, Sara B. Baumhover
Educating Educators In The Selection, Design, And Utilization Of Educational Media, Sara B. Baumhover
Graduate Research Papers
Today, as in the past, there are various factors affecting education and calling for changes. Firstly, there is a constant influx of technology and materials into educational and training systems. Secondly, the characteristics and needs of learners are changing. Finally, the problems affecting both learners and educators are increasing. Rather than passively accepting change, Ways (1964) has suggested that humans become active participants. For educators, this means altering instructional strategies to incorporate new mediums (Romizowsky, 1988). Educators need to have a voice and exercise control over the way in which messages are presented. In order to do so, educators need …
The Effects Of Curriculum Content Compacting Upon Student Achievement In Fourth Grade Mathematics, Christine Brunko Schultz
The Effects Of Curriculum Content Compacting Upon Student Achievement In Fourth Grade Mathematics, Christine Brunko Schultz
Graduate Research Papers
Council Bluffs Community Schools, in order to meet the needs of students, formally established two programs for able learners in 1986. They are called Challenge Centers and Talent Pools. The Challenge Centers are housed in four elementary schools within the district. They are available to all students who exhibit special needs in academic areas. These students comprise the upper one to two percent of the student population and are served by the Challenge Center teachers for two to three hours each day. The remainder of their day is very similar to that of other students in the school. The Challenge …
Talented And Gifted Language Arts/Reading Curriculum For A Rural School, Grades K-4: Goals, Objectives, And Suggested Implementation, Susan L. Cathcart
Talented And Gifted Language Arts/Reading Curriculum For A Rural School, Grades K-4: Goals, Objectives, And Suggested Implementation, Susan L. Cathcart
Graduate Research Papers
As a result of the new Iowa Standards {1988), It has become necessary for all schools ln Iowa to establish programs for gifted and talented students systemwide. This required the Missouri Valley, Iowa, School District to develop an adequate and appropriate program to serve the needs of its identified gifted students.
A Survey And Analysis Of Potential Uses Of The Computer In The Social Studies Classroom, Mike Healy
A Survey And Analysis Of Potential Uses Of The Computer In The Social Studies Classroom, Mike Healy
Graduate Research Papers
The computer has become an integral tool in education. In math classes, in business education classes, in computer literacy classes, the computer is a well-accepted tool of instruction. However, computers have been slow to enter most Social Studies classrooms, including my classroom. Should the computer be used in the Social Studies classroom? What would be an effective use of computers in the classroom? Would the computer be the best tool for that unit of instruction?
Gifted Identification Practices In Five Southwest Iowa Public Elementary Schools: Their Impact On The Gifted Underachiever, Lauren E. O'Bradovich
Gifted Identification Practices In Five Southwest Iowa Public Elementary Schools: Their Impact On The Gifted Underachiever, Lauren E. O'Bradovich
Graduate Research Papers
In 1988 the State of Iowa mandated every school district to have a program to meet the needs of gifted and talented students. In addition, the new standards provided that the program would include "valid and systematic procedures employing multiple criteria for identifying gifted and talented students" (Iowa Department of Education, 1988). The subsequent new wave of TAG programs in the state has resulted in the necessity to build nomination and screening strategies for the selection of students for the various programs.
Alternative Teaching Strategies For The At-Risk Student, Christin M. Nugent
Alternative Teaching Strategies For The At-Risk Student, Christin M. Nugent
Graduate Research Papers
The focus recently in education has been on the at-risk student. Money from national, state, and local agencies has poured into the area of at-risk education. This money generated a significantly high level of research. Many questions can be answered using this body of research. What is an at-risk student and what factors cause a student to be at-risk? What programs have worked when dealing with at-risk students? How does a teacher's behavior affect at-risk students? What programs are the Dubuque Community Schools currently using with their at-risk students? The answers to these questions can provide a teacher with successful …
Reading Comprehension: Strategies For Intermediate Whole Language Teachers, Elaine Madsen
Reading Comprehension: Strategies For Intermediate Whole Language Teachers, Elaine Madsen
Graduate Research Papers
The term "whole language" appears in journal articles, in textbook ads, in workshops, and in school district adoptions. Many teachers are being required to apply whole language approaches in their classroom. The Council Bluffs Community School District, for example, recently adopted a whole language approach to teaching language arts K-6. The intermediate educators in this district want to know more about whole language and are concerned about the effect of using a whole language approach on the ability of the reader to comprehend what ls read.
Gifted Underachievement: Causes And Curriculum Implications, Carol Mattox
Gifted Underachievement: Causes And Curriculum Implications, Carol Mattox
Graduate Research Papers
One of the major concerns ln gifted education has been how to meet the needs of the underachieving gifted. This concern probably stems from the perception that when dealing with the gifted label as applied to students educators are dealing with potential. And when giftedness ls viewed as potential, both educators and parents tend to feel they have an obligation to develop that potential to its fullest (Seeley, 1985). Many factors in gifted students 1 lives can Interrupt that development of their giftedness.
Differentiating The Curriculum For Lower Elementary Talented And Gifted Students In The Regular Classroom, Sue Riggs
Graduate Research Papers
Gifted and talented students exist everywhere, in every community and in every classroom. The exact numbers are difficult to determine due to the many definitions of giftedness including a current trend ~o broaden those definitions to include multi-dimensional intelligences (Gardner, 1983). Such broad definitions mean that large numbers of students fall into the various categories. However, as Helmberger (1980) states, a teacher may have difficulty identifying the gifted and talented members of a class since they may not immediately stand out in the group.