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George Fox University

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Integer addition and subtraction

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Grade 5 Children’S Drawings For Integer Addition And Subtraction Open Number Sentences, Nicole Enzinger Mar 2019

Grade 5 Children’S Drawings For Integer Addition And Subtraction Open Number Sentences, Nicole Enzinger

Faculty Publications - College of Education

Three Grade 5 children participated in a microgenetic study embedded in 12-week teaching experiment on integer addition and subtraction. They solved open number sentences in four individual sessions across the 12-weeks and produced drawings. Through the lens of learner-generated drawings and qualitative analysis, these drawings provide perspective into the children’s thinking about integer addition and subtraction. The following categories are described: Single and Double Set of Objects, Number Sequences, Empty Number Lines, Number Lines, Number Sentences, Sign Emphasis, and Answer in Box Only. One student drew sets of objects frequently and the other students drew number lines more. Descriptions of …


Integers As Directed Quantities (Chapter 13 In Constructing Number), Nicole Enzinger Dec 2018

Integers As Directed Quantities (Chapter 13 In Constructing Number), Nicole Enzinger

Faculty Publications - College of Education

Mathematics education researchers have long pursued—and many still pursue—an ideal instructional model for operations on integers. In this chapter, I argue that such a pursuit may be futile. Additionally, I highlight that ideas of relativity have been overlooked; and, I contend that current uses of translation within current integer instructional models do not align with learners’ inventions. Yet, conceptions of relativity and translation are essential for making sense of integers as directed quantities. I advocate for drawing on learners’ unique conceptions and actions about directed number in developing instructional models. Providing evidence of student work from my research, I illustrate …