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Hope, Expectation, Math Anxiety, And Achievement In College Algebra Students: Examining An Instructional Strategy Using Multi-Level Modeling, Kathleen A. Gibson-Dee

Kathleen A. Gibson-Dee

American students no longer lead the world in quantitative skills. This decline in mathematical ability has potentially significant negative national and personal consequences. Math anxiety, low self-efficacy in relation to math, and a sense of hopelessness about math are all possible barriers to being successful in learning and using math, not only in school but ultimately in many aspects of adult life. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between hope, expectation, math anxiety (positive and negative affect related components), and students’ final course scores in College Algebra within the context of an instructional strategy intended to …