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Full-Text Articles in Education
1912 - The Missions And Missionaries Of California, Vol. Ii, Upper California, Part I, General History, Zephyrin Engelhardt
Franciscan Publications
Volume II was a general accounting of the missions and missionaries in Upper California. Section I addressed the establishment and administration of the missions by Fr. Junípero Serra. Section II covered the administration of Fr. Fermín Francisco de Lasuén and Fr. Estevan Tapis. The author posited that the real object of the conquest and occupation of Alta California was not the establishment of the Catholic faith in California but rather to fund expeditions and secure the land from the Russians and others who were making expeditions in the region. Engelhardt's evidence was the fact that the Spanish government seized and …
1913 - The Missions And Missionaries Of California, Vol. Iii, Upper California, Part Ii, General History, Zephyrin Engelhardt
Franciscan Publications
Volume III, Section I of Engelhardt's series on California missions covers largely the period of 1812 through 1830 addressing the challenges and difficulties facing the missionaries including the scarcity of resources and labor. He described the invasion of Monterey and other ports in Upper California by Hipólte Bouchard in 1818. Section II covers the period of 1830 through 1836 and the secularization of the missions by the Mexican government during which time the missionaries held their posts until either death or the government relieved them of the responsibility of protecting the neophytes against "white rapacity" and the destruction of the …
1885 - History Of California, Volume 2, Theodore Henry Hittell
1885 - History Of California, Volume 2, Theodore Henry Hittell
Miscellaneous Documents and Reports
Hittell devotes the first portion of Volume 2 to the Mexican Governors of California including Pablo Vicente de Sola, Luis Antonio Arguello, Jose Maria de Echeandia, Manuel Victoria, Pio Pico, Jose Figueroa, Mariano Chico, Nicolas Gutierrez. Juan Bautista Alvarado, Jose Manuel Micheltorena, Hittell also describes the people and circumstances leading up to the war between the United States and Mexico: John C. Fremont, Bear Flag Revolution, Texas Revolution, and Florida Treaty. The final portion of Hittell's book addressed the social and cultural aspects of life in Alta California, missionaries, physical geography, geology, botany and zoology of Alta California, Americans in …
1889 - Sixty Years In California, William Heath Davis
1889 - Sixty Years In California, William Heath Davis
Miscellaneous Documents and Reports
The author, who arrived in Alta California in 1831, wrote about his extended experience as it related to the manners and customs of the people, their methods of trade, of social and political history of the Mexican government and of its successor, the Territory and then State of California, The book covers 60 years of history of events and life in California; the personal, political and military, under the Mexican Regime, during the quasi-military government of the Territory by the United States, and after the Admission of California into the Union. While the 63 chapters cover a broad and detailed …
1891 - Life In California During A Residence Of Several Years In That Territory, Alfred Robinson
1891 - Life In California During A Residence Of Several Years In That Territory, Alfred Robinson
Miscellaneous Documents and Reports
The personal observations of Alfred Robinson of the Spanish rule and more detailed descriptions under Mexican rule of Alta California were originally published in 1846. The 1891 updated version Included is an appendix that describing the events that transpired after the period when California was an independent government, thought not yet recognized as such by Mexico. He also included an addition at the end of his book entitled, Reminisces of 1829.