Education Commons^™

G05-1573 Meat And Fabrication-Room Temperatures For Food Safety, Alejandro Amezquita, L. Wang, Harshavardhan Thippareddi, Dennis E. Burson, Curtis Weller

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Within the last 20 years, several meat-borne pathogenic microorganisms have emerged in the United States, causing numerous outbreaks of disease and death, as well as drastic economical losses.

Guidelines in this NebGuide are suggested for controlling temperature of meat and meat products in fabrication rooms so as to prevent detrimental growth of meat-borne pathogens.

Nf04-606 Deep Fat Frying Turkeys, Carol J. Plate

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Deep fat frying began in the southern part of the United States and has gradually spread nationwide. Turkeys are the most common food prepared by this method. However, chicken, turkey parts (breasts, wings and thighs), and Cornish game hens may be deep fat fried. Deep fat frying results in a juicy product because the hot fat seals the outside and the skin becomes crisp.

This NebFact talks about the equipment, ingredients, preparation, frying, and safety of deep fat frying turkeys and other poultry.

Nf04-604 Barbecue Food Safety, Julie A. Albrecht

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Cooking outdoors was once only a summer activity shared with family and friends. Now more than half of Americans say they are cooking outdoors year round. So, whether the snow is blowing or the sun is shining brightly, it's imporant fo follow food safety guidelines to prevent harmful bacteria from multiplying and causing foodborne illness. Use these simple guidelines for grilling food safely.

Nf03-582 Early Season Extentstion Using Hotcaps, Laurie Hodges

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Hotcaps are covers used to protect individual plants from low temperature stress early in the season. There are three common hotcap designs: opaque plastic milk jugs, waxed paper, and plastic water-filled tubes. They are usually used by home gardeners or market gardeners with limited production. Growers with more acres or more extensive production tend to use row covers or high tunnels that protect more than one plant.

This NebFact discusses the study methodology, findings, and conclusions to using hotcaps in the garden.

Ec02-106 Nebraska Grain Sorghum Hybrid Tests, 2002, Lenis Alton Nelson, Roger Wesley Elmore, Robert N. Klein, David D. Baltensperger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This circular is a progress report of grain sorghum trials conducted to obtain yield land other information for some of the hybrids being marketed. The 2002 season was the 45th year that private hybrids were included in these trials. Seed producers supported test through fee payments. Cooperating were the Agronomy Department and the South Central, West Central and Panhandle Research and Extension Centers. Conduct of experiments and publication of results is a joint effort of the Agricultural Research Division and the Cooperative Extension Service.

G02-1451 Climate Change And Winter Wheat: What Can We Expect In The Future?, Albert Weiss, Cynthia J. Hays

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide will explain how climate changes at the end of this century will affect winter wheat production. Although it doesn't make daily headlines, global warming that results from climate changes will present challenges for current and future generations. While scientists may disagree about what causes current climate change, there is general agreement that a change is happening now and will continue for some time. As humans, it doesn't matter much whether the air temperature is 92 degrees or 97 degrees - either way we tend to be uncomfortable. However, a 5 degree temperature change can have dramatic implications for …

G00-1778 Field Windbreaks, James R. Brandle, Laurie Hodges

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

gricultural producers face many challenges as they try to balance efficient production systems with increasing environmental demands. For these systems to be successful, they must optimize the balance between inputs and final production. Field windbreaks are one way to increase yields while at the same time reducing inputs and improving both environmental quality and production efficiency. Windbreaks reduce wind speed and alter the microclimate in sheltered areas. Field windbreaks reduce wind erosion and the damage to crops caused by wind-blown soil. They improve water use efficiency, reduce risks associated with drought, and manage blowing snow.

Field windbreaks provide positive economic …

Ec00-106 Nebraska Grain Sorghum Hybrid Tests 2000, Robert N. Klein, Roger Wesley Elmore, Lenis Alton Nelson, David D. Baltensperger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This circular is a progress report of grain sorghum trials conducted to obtain yield and other information for some of the hybrids being marketed. The 2000 season was the 43rd year that private hybrids were included in these trials.

Ec99-106 Nebraska Grain Sorghum Hybrid Tests, 1999, Lenis Alton Nelson, Roger Wesley Elmore, Robert N. Klein, David D. Baltensperger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This circular is a progress report of grain sorghum trials conducted to obtain yield and other information for some of the hybrids being marketed. The 1999 season was the 42th year that private hybrids were included in these trials. Cooperating were the Agronomy Department and the South Central, West Central, and Panhandle Research and Extension Centers. Conduct of experiments and publication of results is a joint effort of the Agricultural Research Division and the Cooperative Extension Service.

Nf99-397 Gray Leaf Spot Of Perennial Ryegrass In Nebraska, John E. Watkins

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Gray leaf spot, caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea, was reported in the early 1970s to be a damaging disease of annual ryegrass grown for forage in the southeastern United States. Forage yield losses were so severe that the disease was named ryegrass blast.

This NebFact discusses the diagnosis, future occurrences, and management of gray leaf spot in Nebraska and surrounding states.

G96-1362 Soil Temperatures And Spring Planting Dates, Steven J. Meyer, Allen L. Dutcher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Dates on which soil temperatures reach a threshold value are presented as a spring planting guide for agronomic and horticultural producers.

For a seed to germinate it must have good contact with the soil and be placed in a favorable soil environment. A good soil environment is one that has suitable soil temperature, adequate soil moisture, good aeration, and for certain seeds, light. Conditions necessary for germination depend on the species and variety of seed being planted. Alone, none of these factors guarantee germination; rather it is the interaction of these factors that affects seed germination.

In Nebraska, soil moisture …

G96-1281 Spring Freeze Probabilities, Steven J. Meyer, Allen L. Dutcher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Spring freeze probabilities, based on 45 years of data, are examined for 48 locations in Nebraska. The effect of spring freezes on Nebraska's main crops is also discussed.

The potential of a late spring freeze is of great concern to farmers, gardeners, nurserymen, and other plant growers. A climatological analysis of spring freeze events across Nebraska can provide a measure of the risk involved with planting at a certain time of spring.

Ec93-446 Food Storage, Julie A. Albrecht, Margie Lamb

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Proper food storage helps maintain food quality by retaining flavor, color, texture and nutrientsk, while reducing the chance of contracting a foodborne illness. This publication discusses ways of handling food and keeping it from spoiling.

Mp92-64 The Stable Fly: A Pest Of Humans And Domestic Animals, Gustave D. Thomas, Steven R. Skoda

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Many species of flies are pests. Many people, if you were to ask them about flies, would be at least vaguely aware of the potential to flies to transmit disease organisms. But yet, for the most part, a fly is a fly is a fly. Sayings like "It must be about to rain, the house flies are biting" are still common and show a general need for more, readily accessible information, particularly about some of the pest flies.

Stable flies, obligate blood-feeders, are very important pests to the cattle industry and, at times, are pests to other groups (they're most …

Nf92-100 Food Safety Thermometer, Julie A. Albrecht, Susan S. Sumner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact offers a food thermometer for food safety.

Nf92-57 Food Safety For Temporary Food Service Establishments, Julie A. Albrecht

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses food safety practices for temporary food service establishments.

G92-1069 The Poinsettia, Jay Fitzgerald, Don Steinegger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Growing poinsettias so that they rebloom is easier if you understand and follow some basic horticultureicultural and pest management procedures.

Poinsettias are the most popular decorative plants for the Christmas and New Year holiday seasons. The newer cultivars often remain colorful until spring and do not have to be discarded when they finish blooming. Following a few basic principles can bring the plants back into full bloom.

The poinsettia Euphorbia pulcherrima is a native to the area around Taxco, Mexico, and was introduced to the United States by Joel R. Poinsett, the first United States ambassador to Mexico. Poinsettia or …

Ec92-2307 Food Microbiology/Foodborne Illness, Julie A. Albrecht, Susan S. Sumner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This extension circular discusses the microorganisms in food. Bacteria, yeasts, and mold are microorganisms associated with foods. The individual microorganism cannot be seen without the aid of a microscope. Microorganisms may be classified into three groups according to their activity: beneficial, spoilage, and pathogenic. All three microorganisms will be discussed.

G91-1016 Cool Season Turfgrass For Nebraska, Terrance P. Riordan, Garald L. Horse

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes 12 species of cool season turfgrasses and the recommended cultivars which are best adapted to Nebraska.

Cool season turfgrasses have an optimum soil temperature of 60-70°F. They grow most actively in the spring and fall, with growth slowing in summer. More than 20 cool season species are used for turf throughout the world.

Nebraska's climate is moderately conducive to cool season turfgrass species growth. The 12 species best adapted to Nebraska and some of the recommended cultivars are described.

G90-987 Colostrum Quality And Absorption In Baby Calves, Duane N. Rice, Douglas G. Rogers

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide explains the importance of early feeding of high quality colostrum to the newborn calf.

The intake and absorption of colostral immunoglobulins, which include antibodies against disease, are essential to the health of the newborn calf. The newborn calf is virtually devoid of circulating antibodies and thus relies on antibodies acquired from colostrum for protection against common disease-causing organisms (pathogens). Significant amounts of the antibodies obtained from good quality colostrum, if fed early enough, are transferred across the small intestine and into the blood during the first few hours of life (passive transfer). Antibodies entering the blood are further …

G88-867 Forcing Spring Flowering Bulbs, Debra Schwarze

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide discusses the various aspects of forcing spring flowering bulbs, including planting, cold treatment, forcing, care, and forcing in water.

Introduction

Spring flowers can be a bright addition to any home. With just a little effort, many types of spring flowering bulbs can fill your home with flowers throughout the winter. Tulips, narcissus (daffodils), hyacinths, crocus, grape-hyacinths, scillas and other bulbs can be forced into midwinter bloom.

The term forcing can be a bit misleading. There is little force involved, but rather the bulbs receive their cold treatment early and are allowed to bloom out of season. The term …

G88-886 Growing Sprouts, Debra Schwarze

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Ways to grow different sprouts are discussed in this NebGuide.

Sprouts are tasty and delicious, and growing them is a simple process, although it does require a few minutes of your time each day to get quality sprouts.

They can be grown year-round, and provide an opportunity for simple gardening projects for limited spaces and for children. Seeds often used for sprouting include mung bean, soybean, lentil and alfalfa.

When purchasing seeds for sprouting, be sure to get seeds that have not been treated with a fungicide, insecticide or any other material. This type of seed is available at health …

G88-868 Forcing Flowering Branches, Debra Schwarze

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide explains the procedure for forcing flowering branches, discusses the use of flowering branches in decorating or display and provides a chart of plant type, color, cutting and forcing times.

Introduction

Branches from flowering trees and shrubs can be forced into bloom easily and inexpensively. Flowering branches can bring the outdoors inside and add color during a long winter. These branches also give the floral designer some unique and inexpensive alternatives.

Trees and shrubs which bloom early in the spring form flower buds the previous fall before dormancy. After at least 8 weeks of cold weather (under 40° F) …

Ec86-1244 Vegetable Producction In Nebraska, Ralph E. Neild, Robert B. O'Keefe, David S. Nuland, Joseph O. Young

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Vegetable research at the University of Nebraska concerns studies of the culture, processing, mechanization of production and marketing of vegetable crops with the objective of increasing production, quality and use of crops and products process from them.

This circular presents a portion of results from investigations into the production, marketing and processing of vegetables in Nebraska. Information concerning climate, soil and water resources is presented and discussed. Also summarized are results from vegetable yield trials conducted at different locations in the state during the seven-year period 1960-66.

G86-821 Weaned Pig Management And Nutrition (Revised August 1992), Duane Reese, Mike Brumm

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Temperature, space, health considerations, dietary nutrient allowances, feeding management and more are covered here. The weaning age of pigs farrowed in Nebraska is variable. While the average age at weaning is about four weeks, the range is from two to eight weeks. However, industry surveys indicate that more than 50 percent of the pigs in the United States are weaned at 28 days of age or earlier, with the majority weaned between three and four weeks of age. This trend towards earlier weaning is expected to continue with advances in management, housing, health and nutrition. Earlier weaning (under 28 days) …

G85-760 Natural Air Corn Drying, Richard O. Pierce, Thomas L. Thompson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses factors affecting natural air corn drying system performance, and gives recommendations for bins filled over a one- to two-day period.

Natural air drying is an energy efficient drying method that is particularly well suited to Nebraska weather conditions. A high quality dried product, with little of the stress cracking or heat damage associated with high temperature drying, is an added attraction. However, good management practices must be followed to achieve satisfactory drying results.

A major concern with this method is overloading the bin with corn too wet to be dried without spoilage or deterioration, especially when the …

G82-626 Air Properties: Temperature And Relative Humidity, David P. Shelton, Gerald R. Bodman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes how to use a simplified psychrometric chart to better understand the relationships between air temperature and relative humidity.

Air is a vital component of our everyday lives. Air properties are important whether we are ventilating a livestock housing unit, drying grain, or determining relative humidity in the home. In a livestock building, temperature, moisture, odors, and toxic or noxious gases must be controlled. Since the moisture holding capacity of air increases with increasing temperature, heat may be added in grain drying to aid in removing moisture from the grain kernel. In the home, moisture can either be …

G81-552 Effects Of Weather On Corn Planting And Seedling Establishment, Ralph E. Neild

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Corn planting usually begins when the average daily temperature first rises 55°F and the soil becomes sufficiently warm enough to initiate germination and sustain seedling growth. This may be as early as the middle of March in central Texas 700 miles south of Nebraska or as late as the middle of May in central South Dakota. Corn may be planted as early as the first week of April in southeast Nebraska and continue into the first week of June. Most of the corn, however, is planted between May 4 and May 21.

Corn planted early when the temperature is cool …

G80-524 Incubation For The Home Flock, Earl W. Gleaves

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide covers how to build and operate an incubator to hatch eggs for a home flock.

Various makes and models of commercial incubators are available for use by the home flock owner.

G77-337 Propagating House Plants, Dale T. Lindgren, Don Steinegger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Propagating house plants in the home is an inexpensive and enjoyable hobby. The home is not always the ideal place, but most house plants can be propagated there satisfactorily with a minimum of special equipment.

Methods of Propagation

House plants may be propagated asexually, in which all new plants will be identical, in most cases, to the parent plant, or sexually, where the new plants will not necessarily be identical to the parent plants. Plants are propagated sexually by seeds. Cuttings, air-layering, division and runners are asexual methods of propagation.