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Portland State University

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

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Differences In U.S. Medical School Faculty Job Satisfaction By Gender, Sarah A. Bunton Nov 2011

Differences In U.S. Medical School Faculty Job Satisfaction By Gender, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Increased demands on academic medical faculty have raised awareness about faculty satisfaction and vitality, in part because of the demonstrated empirical link between job satisfaction and retention. Evidence suggests that faculty are affected by their perceptions of what is valued and rewarded in their work environments, and that supportive environments can foster faculty satisfaction. Given the high costs of faculty turnover, it is imperative to understand the factors that contribute to the retention of faculty. A previous Analysis in Brief (AIB) examined key areas of U.S. medical faculty job satisfaction and the disconnect for some faculty between what they value …


An Exploration Of Part-Time U.S. Medical School Faculty: A Thematic Overview, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice Oct 2011

An Exploration Of Part-Time U.S. Medical School Faculty: A Thematic Overview, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Despite the fact that many medical schools have increased their reliance on part-time faculty over the past several decades and that the number of part-time faculty is likely to continue to increase in the future, scant information about their experiences, satisfaction, and engagement exists in the literature. First. This report contains salient themes from focus groups with part-time faculty in academic medicine designed and conducted to provide insight into the issues that comprise workplace satisfaction for these faculty and to explore the unique concerns that they may face. In the report we first present a summary of the reasons faculty …


Perceptions Of The Promotion Process: An Analysis Of U.S. Medical School Faculty, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice Aug 2011

Perceptions Of The Promotion Process: An Analysis Of U.S. Medical School Faculty, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Faculty satisfaction is important to medical schools for myriad reasons, including the empirical links between job satisfaction and increased organizational performance, faculty retention, productivity, and patient care. Half of U.S. medical faculty leave their academic medical centers within 10 years, and the resulting loss of these faculty poses financial and human capital costs to the institution. Additionally, the academic medicine workplace has changed significantly in recent decades, resulting in increased demands for research, teaching, patient care, and administration on faculty. To be effective, medical school leaders and researchers must remain abreast of the issues that comprise workplace satisfaction for their …


Retention Of Full-Time Clinical M.D. Faculty At U.S. Medical Schools, April Corrice, Shannon Fox, Sarah A. Bunton Feb 2011

Retention Of Full-Time Clinical M.D. Faculty At U.S. Medical Schools, April Corrice, Shannon Fox, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Physician and faculty retention have garnered increased attention in recent years, in part because academic medical centers are grappling with the lost human and financial capital associated with turnover. Medical schools (and their departments) face significant financial costs when they lose faculty members. For example, one school demonstrated the average costs of replacing a single generalist and specialist totaled $115,554 and $286,503, respectively. In addition, with projected workforce shortages of over 90,000 physicians looming,2 physician faculty turnover will likely have workforce implications, especially within certain specialties. In response to these concerns, this Analysis in Brief (AIB) examines retention rates of …


An Exploration Of The Satisfaction And Experiences Of Part-Time U.S. Medical School Faculty, April Corrice, Sarah A. Bunton Jan 2011

An Exploration Of The Satisfaction And Experiences Of Part-Time U.S. Medical School Faculty, April Corrice, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Despite the fact that many medical schools have increased their reliance on part-time faculty over the past several decades, scant information about the experiences and job satisfaction of parttime faculty exists in the literature. This Analysis in Brief is an exploratory study to provide insight—from the part-time faculty perspective—into the unique issues facing this faculty group and suggestions they offer for improving the workplace. Understanding the part-time faculty members’ experience is important, as they serve a significant and permanent role in the medical school workforce. When used appositely, these part-time medical school faculty appointments can benefit both individuals and institutions. …


Trends In Tenure For Clinical M.D. Faculty In U.S. Medical Schools: A 25-Year Review, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice Aug 2010

Trends In Tenure For Clinical M.D. Faculty In U.S. Medical Schools: A 25-Year Review, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The number of faculty in academic medical centers, and clinical enterprises in particular, has expanded profoundly over the past several decades. During this expansion, the prevalence of tenure systems and the actual numbers and proportions of tenured positions in U.S. medical schools have garnered much attention. Some commentators have remarked that tenure, as a system, is vanishing from schools and that the opportunity for tenure-track appointments is declining, especially for clinical faculty. This Analysis in Brief presents data on the current status of tenure systems, the changing distribution of clinical M.D. faculty on tenure-eligible tracks, and trends in numbers of …


Clinical Faculty Satisfaction With The Academic Medicine Workplace, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice, William T. Mallon Jun 2010

Clinical Faculty Satisfaction With The Academic Medicine Workplace, Sarah A. Bunton, April Corrice, William T. Mallon

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Faculty members in US academic medical centers face multiple pressures, including increasing clinical productivity while also providing quality education to medical students and residents. With the resulting potential for decreased job satisfaction and burnout, understanding these issues is paramount—especially given the associations of job satisfaction and important outcome measures like quality of patient care and retention. The turnover of these faculty could rise and pose great financial and human capital costs to institutions. Despite the challenging context in which clinical faculty find themselves, current understanding of the facets of clinical faculty workplace satisfaction, especially by specialty area, is limited. We …


The Relationship Between Tenure And Guaranteed Salary For U.S. Medical School Faculty, Sarah A. Bunton Apr 2010

The Relationship Between Tenure And Guaranteed Salary For U.S. Medical School Faculty, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Across all types of higher education in the United States, tenure has been historically linked to the concepts of academic freedom and economic security. In medical schools, however, the link between tenure and a financial guarantee has changed appreciably over the past decade into something much more tenuous. In the current economic environment where medical schools operate with limited and, arguably, unstable bases of “hard” funding, the liability of a financial guarantee to tenured faculty presents schools with a fiscal risk they often must manage. Accordingly, schools continue to revise their policies and increasingly provide no financial guarantee at all, …


U.S. Medical School Faculty Job Satisfaction, Sarah A. Bunton Jul 2008

U.S. Medical School Faculty Job Satisfaction, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Concerns about the vitality of faculty careers at U.S. medical schools have been well documented, as medical school leaders and researchers have raised awareness about overall career satisfaction, faculty stress and burnout, and struggles with recruitment and retention. Previous research has demonstrated an empirical link between job satisfaction and retention as well as job dissatisfaction and intent to leave an organization. This Analysis in Brief examines key areas of medical faculty job satisfaction and dissatisfaction and the disconnect for some faculty members between what they value in the workplace and actual workplace opportunities.


Challenges And Strategies Of Medical School Expansion, Sarah A. Bunton, William T. Mallon Feb 2008

Challenges And Strategies Of Medical School Expansion, Sarah A. Bunton, William T. Mallon

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The early twenty-first century will be known as a period of great expansion of medical education in the United States. Current projections indicate at least a 20 percent increase in the number of M.D. matriculants in U.S medical schools by 2013 over the 2002 benchmark.Most of this planned expansion has come from larger enrollments at existing medical schools. This Analysis in Brief explicates the major models of expanding class size at existing medical schools and examines several challenges of medical school expansion.


Job Satisfaction Of Us Medical School Faculty With A Focus On Internal Medicine Departments, April Corrice, Sarah A. Bunton Jan 2008

Job Satisfaction Of Us Medical School Faculty With A Focus On Internal Medicine Departments, April Corrice, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

As demands on academic medical faculty have risen, medical school leaders and researchers have raised awareness about and attention to job satisfaction, faculty stress and burnout, and struggles with recruitment and retention. This increased attention is important because researchers have consistently demonstrated an empirical link between job satisfaction and retention as well as between job dissatisfaction and intent to leave an organization (1–4). Given the high costs of faculty turnover (5–7), it is essential to understand the factors that contribute to the satisfaction of medical school faculty. Using responses from a faculty satisfaction survey administered to full-time faculty at 10 …


Community College National Center For Community Engagement Accent On Student Success: Engaged Together For Service (Assets) Initiative Report, Christine M. Cress Jun 2007

Community College National Center For Community Engagement Accent On Student Success: Engaged Together For Service (Assets) Initiative Report, Christine M. Cress

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

This report is the first year of data findings (of a three year grant project) involving nine of the ten community colleges (one college did not submit data) who received funding from the Community College National Center for Community Engagement through a Learn and Serve America Higher Education grant as part of the Corporation for National and Community Service in an effort to expand the field of service-learning and civic engagement in diverse communities nationwide. The grant is intended to address two dimensions of this effort: 1) training and technical assistance; and 2) facilitation of sub-grantee projects in meeting community …


The Continued Evolution Of Tenure Policies For Clinical Faculty At U.S. Medical Schools, Sarah A. Bunton, William T. Mallon Mar 2007

The Continued Evolution Of Tenure Policies For Clinical Faculty At U.S. Medical Schools, Sarah A. Bunton, William T. Mallon

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

For the past several decades, financial uncertainty, changes in health care delivery and reimbursement, and changing workforce needs have prompted medical schools to continually refine their appointment and tenure policies. This Analysis in Brief examines recent data for medical school clinical faculty by describing tenure systems, the financial guarantee associated with tenure, and probationary period length. Data come from two sources: first, responses to the AAMC’s 2005 Faculty Personnel Policies Survey of the 125 LCME-accredited U.S. medical schools. The survey instrument consists of questions about policies and procedures related to appointment, tenure, and compensation structures for medical school faculty. Deans …


The Impact Of Research Centers On Faculty Work Life, Sarah A. Bunton, William T. Mallon Sep 2006

The Impact Of Research Centers On Faculty Work Life, Sarah A. Bunton, William T. Mallon

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Research centers are a common mechanism for facilitating scientific work in medical schools, but little is known about how faculty operate in these milieux. Given that centers and institutes span the boundaries of traditional departments, center-affiliated faculty members can find themselves with two ties to the medical school— one through their academic department and one through the research center. Some commentators have asserted that this fluidity of faculty roles and allegiances produces positive benefits while others have argued the opposite. This Analysis in Brief examines the impact of organized research centers on faculty productivity and work life. We administered the …


Recent Trends In Basic Science Department Reorganizations, Sarah A. Bunton Jun 2006

Recent Trends In Basic Science Department Reorganizations, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The past several decades have seen a rapid and profound expansion of knowledge within the biomedical sciences. Achievements in molecular biology, human genetics, and neuroscience, among others, have contributed to the realization that the complexity of science now lends itself to interdisciplinary and collaborative efforts. This transformation of biomedical science has led to questions regarding the organization of academic departments in U.S. medical schools around traditional basic science disciplines. Some have proposed that the discipline-based department impedes scientific progress and a new structure that breaks down boundaries is needed. Others believe that traditional basic science departments continue to foster valuable …


The Functions Of Centers And Institutes In Academic Biomedical Research, William T. Mallon, Sarah A. Bunton Jun 2005

The Functions Of Centers And Institutes In Academic Biomedical Research, William T. Mallon, Sarah A. Bunton

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this Analysis in Brief, we report on the findings from a 2004 survey of directors of research centers and institutes located at research-intensive medical schools and their parent universities, who identified their unit’s primary mission as basic, clinical, or other type of research. While many assertions have been made about the functions that centers and institutes perform, or do not perform, our findings indicate that their missions and roles are varied, complex, and nuanced. The 604 research centers and institutes in the study conduct a variety of tasks. For the purposes of this analysis, we define “some effort” to …


Distress Under Duress: The Relationship Between Campus Climate And Depression In Asian American College Students, Christine M. Cress, Elaine Kimiko Ikeda Jan 2003

Distress Under Duress: The Relationship Between Campus Climate And Depression In Asian American College Students, Christine M. Cress, Elaine Kimiko Ikeda

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Student perceptions of negative campus climate were predictive of Asian American students’ depression levels in spite of students’ entering proclivities toward depression and in spite of varying institutional types. In addition, these findings were consistent whether individual Asian American perceptions of campus climate were entered into the equation or whether institutional levels of campus perceptions (which included all racial and ethnic groups) were entered into the equation. Therefore, higher education institutions that are perceived by students to discriminate against individuals based on race or ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or disability may put their Asian American students at risk for severe …