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Integration Of Doctoral Students In Distance Programs: An Instrument Validation Study Of Educational Doctorate Students, Joseph Holmes
Integration Of Doctoral Students In Distance Programs: An Instrument Validation Study Of Educational Doctorate Students, Joseph Holmes
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Doctoral attrition rates range between 40%-60%. Attrition rates increase 10%-20% in the distance education (DE) environment. Academic integration and social integration are key elements of doctoral student integration and predictors of student persistence at any program stage. Instruments exist to measure academic integration and social integration for undergraduate students; however, no instruments exist that specifically measure both academic integration and social integration of doctoral students in DE programs at any program stage. The purpose of this research was to develop and analyze the structure, validity, and reliability of the Distance Doctoral Integration Scale (DDIS). Instrument development followed a multi-step process. …