Education Commons^™

Applying A Reflective Swot Analysis To Examine Four Pillars Of Culturally Sustaining Practices, Rebecca M. Nelson, Laurie A. Ramirez, Chandra C. Diaz, Nancy B. Ruppert

Middle Grades Review

Teacher educators and preservice teachers are increasingly tasked with ensuring that their classrooms are safe and respectful environments that encourage metacognitive reflection and modeling best practices. With this in mind, this paper uses a SWOT analysis (Orr, 2013) tool that employs the Four Pillars of Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy framework established by Diaz et al. (2023) to invite educators, teams, and schools to contribute their own work to uplift and share strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as well as resources and experiences they engage in with a community of those who share their vision for a more equitable, inclusive teaching and …

Shift Happens! Clashing Ais In Higher Education And The Unexpected Implications Of Restriction And Implementation, Carol A. Bruzzano

The Vermont Connection

The AI-AI conflict in higher education, artificial intelligence and academic integrity, led to a frenzy of policy and curricula changes throughout the 2022-2023 academic year. Yet, the impacts of restrictions and implementations on marginalized populations were not immediate concerns. Students with disabilities and others considered marginalized and underprepared may have the most to lose without careful considerations of the implications of restriction and implementation. Identifying evidence-based best practices for next steps in AI integration that support students' learning and avoid the biases of emerging applications may provide the safest path forward for evolving teaching and student advising in higher education …

Developing Proportional Reasoning Via Lego Robotics: Experiences Of A 7th Grade Mathematics Class, Shelli L. Casler-Failing, Leah C. Swann

Middle Grades Review

A qualitatively oriented mixed methods case study was conducted to investigate the effects of incorporating LEGO robotics into a seventh-grade mathematics curriculum. Using the lenses of Social Constructivist Theory and the Five Stages of Technology Integration, this research focused on the development of proportional reasoning skills. The data show students experienced success in developing their proportional reasoning skills as they completed tasks using the robotics. The quantitative data shows evidence of growth in understanding and development of proportional reasoning. The qualitative analysis provides evidence that students developed their understanding through collaborative discussions as they worked through the different technology stages. …

A Shared Vision? Exploring The Perceptions Of Principals And Teachers Regarding The Middle School Concept, Shawn A. Faulkner, Chris Cook, Ryan Alverson, Mike Dicicco

Middle Grades Review

From decades of recommendations, middle school advocates have recommended various organizational structures and instructional practices to meet the specific educational needs of young adolescents. Several notable national studies have sought to assess and report the status of implementation of these recommended practices, though largely from the perspective of the building principal. The purpose of this study was to examine both teachers’ and principals’ perceptions concerning the middle school concept. Based on responses of over 1,600 teachers and principals from all 50 states, findings indicate support for components of the middle school concept related to curriculum and instruction as well as …

A Field Trip That’S Not About The Destination But The Journey, Vanessa Scanfeld, Eric James, Vincent Dotoli

Middle Grades Review

This Practitioner Perspective presents a middle school unit focused on designing a day-long field trip as an effective project-based initiative for advancing social and emotional learning (SEL). It considers the social and emotional competencies students develop as they navigate the complexities of this project: researching options, planning an itinerary that meets various parameters, and ultimately taking the trip. It also offers practical guidance to schools for successfully adopting this program.

Detecting A Possible Correlation Between Hands-On Experimentation And Scientific Data Analysis In 8th Grade Students, Breana Dobesh, Phu Vu

Middle Grades Review

This Practitioner Perspective reports on action research that examined the impact of integrating hands-on experimentation on eighth- grade students skills of scientific data analysis and interpretation in a science middle school class. The intervention given to the treatment group was tasking students with completing scientific experiments during their daily lessons, along with collecting and analyzing data from those experiments. Collected data through both control and treatment groups indicated that there was no significant difference in mean test scores between the two groups. Discussions and suggestions for future studies were included.

Visual Reflection: New Tools For Pedagogy And Practice, Tempestt R. Adams

The Vermont Connection

In this essay I present a visual journal to reflect on my experiences as a new ungrader. In line with the theme of this journal, my visual essay provides reminders and possibilities for us to consider to help spark more joy in our work. The guiding question of the essay is how can new practices such as ungrading and visual journaling enhance our joy and support students? The essay begins with a brief overview of three elements that anchor the essay: ungrading, arts-based methods, and visual journaling. Then, the visual journaling process, product, and an analysis is presented. The essay …

Communicating Home During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned From A Middle Grades Speech Therapist, Kelsey Jenkeleit

Middle Grades Review

The COVID-19 pandemic changed how communication occurred between parents and teachers. This autoethnography focuses on my experiences as a middle grades speech therapist during the 2020-2021 school year, with a specific focus on parent-teacher communication. Using a Funds of Knowledge framework to help me analyze, understand, and describe communication data gathered over the course of the pandemic, I found that (1) communication increased during remote learning as more parents were home with their children; (2) the folding of work and home presented unique communication challenges, and (3) I felt a yearning for more communication to continue, especially after students returned …

“They Always Make It Right. We Can Do That For Everybody”: Young Adolescents Considering (In)Justice When Reading, Caleb Chandler, Kaitlin Wegrzyn

Middle Grades Review

This paper draws on Bakhtin’s (1981) notions of discourse and ideological becoming to investigate how adolescents’ experiences with young adult literature and other texts might inform their thinking around issues of social justice. We engaged in a number of activities with the young adolescent participants: thought maps, illustrations of poignant scenes, written accounts of personal experiences, and focus group interviews. Using these activities as our data for this paper, we explain how the young adolescent participants called upon discourses of social justice to engage in the process of ideological becoming. Thus, the paper concludes that texts have the potential to …

We're Back, Live And Unplugged: Non-Digital Gameplay For Review And Fun, Shawn M. Thorgersen Mr.

Middle Grades Review

During the COVID-19 pandemic, middle grades students spent months isolated and, in many cases, learning remotely from teachers who were themselves scrambling to adapt to new technology. While addressing these experiences will require a multifaceted approach from stakeholders, teachers can help reintroduce students to their classrooms with student-centered, socially interactive, analog-based games intended to reinforce learning and boost engagement. This practitioner paper presents a context and a model for such play based on a popular public domain game that allows for team play, creativity, inculcation, and, frankly, fun while reviewing for mastery. The model affords teachers an extremely low-budget, student-crafted …

Inside Room 111: Being A Responsive Educator Through Fostering An Adolescent-Centered Community Of Care In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cheryl R. Ellerbrock, Ashlee Highfill

Middle Grades Review

The 2021-2022 school year came with the mantra of “learning loss” and the push to fill in the learning gaps and “accelerate learning” at all costs. In an effort to return education to “normal” and reduce learning loss, what transpired for many was a lack of focus on the students’ pandemic experiences and its effect on their lives from a wholistic perspective. Education is at a point where “normal” needs to be re-defined to support students’ needs and their learning, requiring middle level teachers to be responsive educators. Middle level educators can be responsive to their students’ needs is by …

School Farms And Stem: Using Institutional Resources To Promote Deeper Learning, Catherine Clare Knowlton

Food Systems Master's Project Reports

Given the structural problems in education laid bare by the recent pandemic, we as a community of educators need to re-evaluate goals for secondary science education. Specifically, classrooms and course content must evolve to become more socially responsive, inclusive, and interdisciplinary. Agricultural education is a demonstrably effective way to boost STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) comprehension as well as SEL (social-emotional learning) skills building. In this study, I use qualitative interview methods to assess current agricultural coursework at independent schools around New England. Results show intriguing themes stemming from designing and implementing farm-based courses, although there are logistical barriers …

Place-Based Education As Liberatory Praxis, Todd C. Cooley

The Vermont Connection

Indigenous students are severely underrepresented in higher education, and in STEM disciplines in particular. There is a lack of research critiquing the hegemonic culture of STEM programs in the United States that may present challenges to students pursuing these degrees from Indigenous communities. Using Tribal Critical Race Theory and Native Student Identity Development Theory, I examine the ways in which STEM programs throughout the United States harms and excludes Indigenous students, and seek to uncover ways that we can build Engineering departments which are more inclusive of varying worldviews, with a particular emphasis on Indigenous epistemologies. Specifically, I offer Place-Based …

Culinary Education As An Experiential Complement To Nutritional Science Information To Improve Learning And Food Agency, Olivia May

Food Systems Master's Project Reports

With misinformation regarding nutrition and health only a few clicks away, the need for increased nutrition education from reputable sources is pressing. (Krishna & Thompson, 2021) The integration of culinary education as a compliment to an introductory nutrition course may provide enhanced learning and improve food agency. (Pherson-Geyser et al., 2020; Trubek B. et al., 2017) This project edited the current University of Vermont NFS 095 Cooking for Health curriculum to be a 1-credit class that serves as a complimentary course to the University of Vermont NFS 043 Intro to Nutrition. As a method of creating impact in the community, …

America’S Middle Schools: Examining Context, Organizational Structures, And Instructional Practices, Ryan Alverson, Mike Dicicco, Shawn A. Faulkner, Chris Cook

Middle Grades Review

The education of the young adolescent has consistently posed a challenge to the educational community. While the general belief is this age group (10-15-year-old children) would benefit from a specialized educational approach, historically, both the junior high school model of the early 1900s and the more current middle school concept have struggled to be fully implemented and embraced by the educational community. With almost a decade passing since the last national survey focused on middle grades schools (McEwin & Greene, 2010, 2011), researchers seek to reassess the context, organizational structures, and instructional practices of middle schools in the United States. …

Integrating School Makerspaces Into The English Language Arts Curriculum, Lou Lahana

Middle Grades Review

School Makerspaces have shown great potential to foster powerful learning outcomes for students, including the enhancement of creative problem-solving abilities, the nurturing of “soft skills” such as grit and leadership, as well as deep STEAM knowledge development. Within the school context, however, little attention has been given to how Makerspaces can promote social activism. Students hold passionate views on issues, such as homelessness, e-cigarette smoking, domestic violence, plastic pollution, and street harassment. How can Makerspaces provide an environment that promotes personal learning and self-expression so that these passions take form as social activism?

This practitioner perspective details the implementation of …

Fostering Brave Spaces For Discussions About Race, Grace I. Gilmour

Middle Grades Review

The persistence of the ideology of white supremacy requires a deep understanding of race and racism in order to dismantle inequitable systems in the United States. White students in particular do not have the knowledge or tools to understand our racialized society. Education is a powerful means to either interrupt or perpetuate systems of oppression. Not only is it the responsibility of schools to interrupt, but young adolescents are developmentally ready to engage in nuanced and potentially difficult conversations about social identity and justice. Teachers need to work with their students to thoughtfully build brave classroom communities to sustain these …

Fighting Back Against Anti-Asian Xenophobia: Addressing Global Issues In A Distance Learning Classroom, Dara Nix-Stevenson, Laura Shelton, Jennifer Smith

Middle Grades Review

This practitioner essay will outline a project designed by a team of three critical educators at The Experiential School of Greensboro (TESG), a new grassroots charter school in Greensboro, North Carolina. In this essay, we will describe the social context of TESG, discuss how we built towards addressing complicated topics related to systemic racism, and outline the ways we addressed anti-Asian racism and xenophobia in a remote learning context during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Learning Locally, Understanding Globally, Amy B. Demarest

Middle Grades Review

No abstract provided.

Gender Engagement Differences With Remote Learning: A Middle Level Teacher's Perspective, Matt Chandler

Middle Grades Review

This essay shares the perspective of a sixth grade teacher working with students during a period of remote learning. Gender engagement data from multiple classrooms is presented. In addition, other research is cited to raise questions and concerns about student engagement equity during a period of remote learning.

Teaching Through Collective Trauma In The Era Of Covid-19: Trauma-Informed Practices For Middle Level Learners, Shantel D. Crosby Lmsw, Phd, Penny B. Howell Edm, Edd, Shelley Thomas Mat, Edd

Middle Grades Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on education and the ways in which teachers engage their students. Given the individual and collective traumatic nature and impact of this global health crisis, we provide specific strategies for addressing the needs of young adolescents while teaching remotely. Specifically, we posit that middle level educators should embed trauma-informed practices, focused on restoring safety and modeling adaptive behaviors, into their remote instructional practices. Recognizing that the COVID-19 crisis has a collective traumatic impact, affecting the lives and wellbeing of students and teachers alike, we also discuss the importance of self-care, providing strategies …

Fostering Student Agency To Build A Whole Child, Whole School, Whole Community Approach, Holly Henderson Pinter, Lisa Bloom, Amie Broyhill, Kim K. Winter

Middle Grades Review

In this practitioner perspective, we explore the concept of student agency through the implementation of a student government association in a laboratory middle school. Interviews with a social studies teacher and her students offer perspectives of the impact of student voice and choice for student experiences. We describe three major lessons learned through this implementation process: students learn to have healthy conflict and cooperative skills; students learn the appropriate processes to enact change in a democratic society; and students learn to conduct service for their peers, school, and community.

Montessori Middle School: The Erdkinder, Luz M. Casquejo Johnston

Middle Grades Review

Montessori Education is over a century old. Since its inception, Montessori schools have been opened worldwide. While most are pre-schools serving three to six-year-old children, many people aren’t aware that Montessori spoke and wrote about middle level education before her death in 1952. Her concept for the Erdkinder, an intentionally designed learning environment for the adolescent ages twelve to fifteen, is described in this essay.

Research And Practice In Transition: Improving Support And Advocacy Of Transgender Middle School Students, Rebecca K. Lewis, Sabrina F. Sembiante

Middle Grades Review

In this essay, our purposes are to inspire particular avenues of future research addressing Transgender students, in middle school in particular, and to inform the professional development of teachers in support of these Transgender youth. In relation to the ways in which research can more authentically represent Transgender identity, we argue for the use of Transgender theory as a guiding framework for research addressing Transgender students, issues, and needs. We also describe the particular affordances of qualitative, ethnographic, and phenomenological studies in capturing the unique and highly personal experiences and realities of Transgender individuals, and specifically, in middle school. We …

Development And Implementation Of Comprehensive Sexuality Education Programs For Middle School Students, Minta Trivette

College of Nursing and Health Sciences Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Project Publications

Background: Sexual activity in adolescents carries population health risks such as pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection. Comprehensive sexual health education programs can be an effective strategy to help young people delay initiation of sexual intercourse, reduce the number of sexual partners, and increase condom and contraception use. As of the 2018/2019 school year, Burlington School District (BSD) middle schools did not have a comprehensive sexual health and safe relationship education program.

Purpose: Development and dissemination of comprehensive sexual health and safe relationship curricula for Burlington School District (BSD) middle schools.

Methods: This educational intervention was aimed at middle school health …

Promoting Lgbtq+ Inclusivity In Sex Education, Alexis Dela Cruz

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

LGBTQ youths report less satisfaction with their sex education curriculum than their heterosexual counterparts. The discrepancy between heterosexual sex education and that of LGBTQ is alarming. Currently, as it is reported within the Unites States, students feel as though LGBTQ sex education and resources are not readily available. A brief handout of LGBTQ inclusive practices was created for educators to reference when creating future lesson plans. The aim of this presentation was to create a more open and inclusive dialogue surrounding LGBTQ+ health.

Comprehensive Farm-To-School: A Mixed-Methods Case Study Of The Classroom, Cafeteria, And Community, Suzanna Elkin

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Farm-to-school (FTS) programs are supported at federal, state, and local levels as a cross-sectoral intervention to curb rising levels of obesity, strengthen local food systems, and improve school climate and academic outcomes. Comprehensive FTS programming, according to the “3-C” approach embraced by leaders in the FTS movement, includes interventions in three domains: the cafeteria, classroom, and community. FTS programming in these domains may include procurement of local food; school gardens; and education related to food, agriculture, and nutrition. Existing research supports the comprehensive FTS approach, illustrating that multi-component programs with strategies that are integrated across these environments improve outcomes for …

Walking The Talk: Promoting Middle School Philosophy By Embracing Student Voices, Rick Marlatt

Middle Grades Review

This practitioner perspective responds to recent scholarship calling for reinvigorating middle level education by suggesting that the purposeful inclusion of student voices in collaborative learning activities can help educators champion the academic and social growth of early adolescents. The recent practicum experience of a preservice candidate who prioritized the voices of her students illustrates the promotion of democratic education, innovation, and social justice in middle level education.

Middle Grades Democratic Education In Neoliberal Times: Examining Youth Social Action Projects As A Path Forward, Jessica Demink-Carthew

Middle Grades Review

Although democratic education has long been considered a cornerstone of the developmentally responsive middle school model, current neoliberal priorities in education pose a particular threat to the democratic purpose of education. Due to their emphasis on student voice and civic engagement, youth social action projects present one opportunity to preserve democratic education as a focal point of the middle school concept. In this article, I offer a case description of a middle grades youth social action project. Incorporating student perspectives, I then critically examine the extent to which the project was successful in its goal of promoting student voice and …

Student Experiences Of Technology Integration In School Subjects: A Comparison Across Four Middle Schools, Joan E. Hughes, Michelle F. Read

Middle Grades Review

This research examined student perspectives on their in-school, subject specific, technology use in four U.S. public schools. Considering students’ perspectives may provide a significant reframing of adult-created rhetoric of the utopian power of digital technologies for changing teaching and learning. A survey and focus group interviews were administered to 6^th and 7^th students (n=1,544) in four public middle schools, with varying demographics, that rely on local funding. These four schools revealed moderate use of many well-established digital technologies, such as word processing, presentation software, and quiz games. Students voiced outright hatred for teacher-directed PowerPoint-supported lectures, the most prominent …