Education Commons^™

A Critically Conscious Analysis Of Institutionalized Racism In Teacher Education: Imagining Anti-Racist Teacher Preparation Spaces, Tatiana Joseph, Jennifer Brownson, Kristine Lize, Elizabeth Drame, Laura Owens

Journal of Educational Controversy

Teacher education scholars serving five different teacher education license programs came together to collectively examine this question: What would it look like if a college of education took on the work of revealing and dismantling structural racism? Using Critical Consciousness theory, we analyzed how structural racism is embedded in teacher education on both a macro systems level and a micro program level. First, we discuss what we know about how institutionalized racism is prevalent within teacher preparation spaces. Then, we take a focused look at some of our programs within our own school of education. More specifically, we explored both …

How Historical Context Matters For Fourth And Fifth Generation Japanese Americans, L. Erika Saito

Journal of Educational Controversy

Japanese Americans have a longstanding history in the U.S.-- comprising of more than five consecutive generations. Yet generational research on this ethnic group is understudied (Meredith, Wenger, Liu, Harada, & Kahn, 2000; Pang, 2007). By connecting the historical experiences of previous generations of Japanese Americans to the present, findings on how history has impacted this population can be applied in other ethnic multi-generational groups in the United States.

An Ethnic Identity & Generational Status Model was developed by the author that was influenced by Jean Phinney (1990), Handlin (1951), Mannheim (1927), and Matsuo (1992) to support the varied roles that …

The Complexity Of Collaboration: Personal Stories From A School And College Partnership, Lorraine Kasprisin

Journal of Educational Controversy

The controversy for this issue focuses on the complexity of collaboration when schools and universities that come out of two different cultures meet and work intimately to solve common problems. What makes this issue different from our other issues in this journal is the complete focus on one collaborative school/university partnership that offers readers an opportunity to hear the authentic voices of all the stakeholders as they collectively tell their stories. All the papers, video interviews, classroom videos, and forums published in this issue focus on this one experiment conducted between a school in a rural community in Washington State …

The Revolution Will Be Live: Examining Educational (In)Justice Through The Lens Of Black Lives Matter, Amy Jo Samuels, Gregory L. Samuels, Brandon Haas

Journal of Educational Controversy

The article explores current sociopolitical implications of race through the lens of Black Lives Matter. In highlighting critical incidents in the movement and connecting to related events of historical significance, we establish parallels to emphasize the persistence of bias, race-based oppression, and injustice. The article focuses on established power structures and explores inequity, oppression, and sociopolitical contradictions by examining institutionalized racism. We emphasize how deficit perceptions, racist ideologies, and silence on racism are dangerous and must be challenged to foster action, advocacy, and change.

The Mena Youth Bulge: Let’S Help Them Save The World, Sandra Ratcliff Daffron

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

They are called the “Youth Bulge,” the millions of young adults under 24 years old that make up an average of 50% of the population of the 25 countries and territories of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). They live in massive poverty and inequality that Mandela calls “terrible scourges of our times.” [1] These MENA youth are literate, watch other youth of the world on their cell phones and want what other young people have, a job, a family of their own, a safe place to live and status. The chances of achieving the life they want seem …

Keeping The Flames At Bay: The Interplay Between Federal Oversight And State Politics In Tucson’S Mexican American Studies Program, Leslie A. Locke, Ann E. Blankenship

Journal of Educational Controversy

In the wealth of literature discussing Tucson Unified School District’s (TUSD) Mexican American Studies program (MAS), the focus has remained primarily on the political events surrounding the elimination of the highly successful MAS program. The federal desegregation case still pending in Tucson is rarely mentioned and never discussed in depth. In this article, we aim to address this gap in the literature by presenting two stories. First, we look at the story of the TUSD desegregation case originally filed in 1974 and its progress toward unitary status. Next, we look at the story of political scheming and maneuvering in Tucson …

Some Reflections On The Tenth Year Anniversary Issue Of The Journal Of Educational Controversy, Lorraine Kasprisin

Journal of Educational Controversy

Welcome to our 10th Year Anniversary Issue and the first issue to be published exclusively on our new website. We have now completed the transfer of our nine earlier volumes to this site. Over the last ten years, the Journal of Educational Controversy has created a dynamic conversation around some of the most challenging dilemmas and controversies that arise in the education of citizens for a pluralistic, democratic society. For this special issue, we decided it was time to let our authors select their own controversies rather than ask them to respond to our scenarios. We have divided the articles …

Government Boarding Schools And Indian Communities, Alejandro E. Barajas

American Cultural Studies Capstone Research Papers

The following research concerns the relationship between U.S-implemented boarding schools and Indian communities. Throughout this paper I’ll present the overall initial rationale creating Indian-focused boarding schools, explain how policy and physical facility placement illustrates a type of colonial mechanism, and coerced youth relocation due to government leverage. I’ll also be highlighting the importance of students’ lived experiences, power of school agents, and continuing boarding school effects. To this extent, the trauma experienced due to sexual violence and abuse is mainly rooted in boarding schools and proves to be a product of colonialism.

Linguistic Demography And Attitudinal Dimensions Of Intergenerational Transmission Of Guaraní And Spanish In Paraguay, Shaw N. Gynan

Modern & Classical Languages

Language data from the 2002 Paraguayan census ate analyzed in order to determine differential patterns of intergenerational transmission of Guaraní and Spanish. The census data are interpreted in light of the results of a survey of 168 bilingual parents on their language identity, language attitudes and language practices. In households identified by the census as Guaraní-dominant, a majority of children is reported to speak only Spanish. The vast majority of parents reports using a single language in the home. The sample that was surveyed for the language attitudes study consisted of couples who identified themselves as either Guaraní-dominant, Spanish-dominant or …

Multicultural Education As A Human Right: Framing Multicultural Education For Citizenship In A Global Age, Francisco Rios, Susan Markus

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

This paper explores the various ways scholars in the field have framed the need for multicultural education. These include changing demographics and closing the academic gap, developing cross-cultural competence, confronting colonization and cultural hegemony, and promoting democratic citizenship. This paper asserts the value of framing multicultural education as a human right: the right to learn about oneself, to learn about others, and to learn citizenship skills associated with a deep democracy in a global age.

Reflective Reactions: Learning What It Means To Read And Reread Self Within A 6th Grade Social Action Project, Joy L. Wiggins

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

This article focuses on the ways in which social action can be read and reread through one white female teacher’s experience. More specifically, how I read my actions and how I was read by them illustrates the compelling need to consistently reevaluate our perception of what we believe aligns with the ideals of building socially just and safe communities and what could subvert the very causes we are trying to help. This article originally started as a tribute to the success of my sixth-grade students writing letters to the mayor about the problems with drugs, gangs, and homeless people in …

La Casa De Esperanza: The House That Multicultural Education Built, Francisco Rios

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

Using a house (la casa) as a metaphor, this manuscript attempts to provide a broad overview of the field of multicultural education as an academic discipline. It includes viewing multicultural education from a macrolevel perspective (el barrio), describing many paths multicultural educators have taken (los calles), and reading the stories of oppression and resistance which they face (los paredes). It details the icons in the field (la entrada), the people with whom we work everyday (la sala), the places for networking and academic engagement (el patio), …

Lessons Learned From A Collaborative Self-Study In International Teacher Education: Visiones, Preguntas, Y Desafíos, Francisco Rios, Carmen Montecinos, Marcela Van Olphen

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

International experience is a critical part of any efforts at internationalizing the teacher education curriculum (Cushner & Mahon, 2002). Professional teacher preparation standards (NCATE, INTASC) have made clear that teachers, particularly those teaching foreign language and social studies, need to have international experiences. These experiences need to be extended to higher education faculty as well given that their experiences have the potential to influence both the pedagogy and curriculum of teacher education experiences. Indeed, it is folly to ask teacher education faculty to promote an international teacher education without having experienced and studied international education any more than we would …

Negotiation And Resistance Amid The Overwhelming Presence Of Whiteness: A Native American Faculty And Student Perspective, Angela Jaime, Francisco Rios

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

This opening stanza of the poem Indian Boarding School: The Runaways by Louise Erdrich (1984) describes the importance of and comfort with returning to one’s home, “the place we head for in our sleep.” In this poem, Erdrich describes the dreams of Native students who runaway from their boarding school experiences (for a detailed account of the culturally horrific, indeed even fatal, boarding school experiences, see Spring, 2006). But the runaways are also moving toward something: their homes where they can be culturally, socially, and spiritually nourished. Home is where the center of the soul belongs. Children of the boarding …

The Lexical Approach: Collocation In High School English Language Learners, Claire Smith

The Edna L. Sterling Collection

Collocation skills were measured over time in a group of high School ELL students. Qualitative errors of Russian speakers versus Spanish speakers were analyzed.

Increasing Diversity In The Marine Sciences Through The Minorities In Marine Science Undergraduate Program, Brian L. Bingham, Stephen D. Sulkin, Suzanne L. Strom, Gisèle Muller-Parker

Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

The Minorities in Marine Science Undergraduate Program (MIMSUP) is an academic program at Western Washington University’s Shannon Point Marine Center (SPMC) that seeks to increase the representation of minority individuals in the marine sciences. For the past 13 years, groups of students have spent two 10-week quarters at SPMC studying marine science, doing independent research, and developing the skills needed for success as marine scientists/educators. Program elements include formal coursework in marine science, supervised independent research, training in up-to-date field and laboratory investigative techniques, experience developing scientific and personal job-related skills, and introduction to the career options open to marine …

Review Of: Spanish Grammar And Spanish Reading Comprehension Cd Roms, Shaw N. Gynan

Modern & Classical Languages

Spanish Grammar and Spanish Reading Comprehension were tested on a Macintosh G4 400 MHz, 1024 x 768 display, 128 MB RAM, Apple CD/DVD. Both programs are designed for use by high school, college, and adult education students. Installation on the Mac is a very simple matter of inserting the disk and double-clicking on the icon that appears, which invokes the program. The screen goes black, meaning that the main Apple navigation bar is no longer available, and a window appears in the upper left hand corner of the screen displaying a menu with two options, Spanish Grammar and Comprehensive Spanish …

Review Of: Realtime Spanish Cd Rom, Shaw N. Gynan

Modern & Classical Languages

RealTime Spanish is billed as an interactive, immersive journey through Spain, the objective of which is to help students to learn culture and language and to become confident speakers of Spanish. The single CD-ROM is accompanied by a ten-page pamphlet of instructions. Digital Publishing is a German company that specializes in computer-assisted language learning, and RealTime is based on an Interaktive Sprachreise series written by Sigrid Brugger and Arturo Matheu. However, the series has been "localized" for Spanish learners by Maritza Lopez.

Assessing Preservice Teachers’ Concerns And Comforts With Multicultural Education, Carmen Montecinos, Francisco Rios

Woodring College of Education Faculty Publications

Currently, racial/ethnic minority students represent a third of the K­12 student enrollment across the United States; by the year 2035, they will represent over 50 percent (American Educational Research Association, Division K Newsletter, 1998). This significant increase in the ethnic diversity of the K­12 population, coupled with persistent disparities in educational attainment among various ethnic/racial groups in the United States, has supported an educational reform movement known as multicultural education (Banks, 1997). This movement’s goal is to redesign schooling in ways that "increase educational equity for a range of cultural, ethnic, and economic groups" (Banks, 1997, p. 7). Teacher …

A Quarter In Lynden’S Esl 40: Process And Product, Justin T. (Justin Taylor) Maggart

WWU Honors College Senior Projects

As is indicated in the title, the hard copy of my Senior Project breaks down into two parts: process and product. The 'process' is represented by my Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL) Practicum Journal. This journal reflects the thoughts and feelings that I experienced during my first longterm exposure to an ESL setting. The Journal is by no means formal; instead of deciding on a particular format for my entries, I let them form themselves. I chose to approach the journal in this way so that my reflections could be seen in the clearest light, without the interference …

Comprehension, Irritation And Error Hierarchies, Shaw N. Gynan

Modern & Classical Languages

There are several recurrent themes in the study of native speaker attitudes toward inter­language. First among them treated in a recent review by Ludwig is comprehensibility, that is, the ease with which the native speaker can comprehend nonnative speech.' Research in the area of native speaker attitudes toward nonnative speech reviewed in Ludwig has shown that formal errors are not well related to comprehensibility of interlanguage. "Irritation" is also a topic of considerable interest. An assumption underlying the study of irritation is that even if nonnative speech is comprehensible, the form of the message may be associated with a negative …