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Full-Text Articles in Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics
Do Deterrents Prevent Undeclared Work? An Evaluation Of The Rational Economic Actor Approach, Ioana Horodnic, Colin C. Williams
Do Deterrents Prevent Undeclared Work? An Evaluation Of The Rational Economic Actor Approach, Ioana Horodnic, Colin C. Williams
Colin C Williams
Across the member states of the European Union and beyond, paid transactions occur that are not declared to the state for tax, social security and/or labour law purposes when they should be declared. This is not a minority practice. The undeclared economy is estimated to be equivalent to 17.9 per cent of the EU28 GDP in 2016. Similarly, it is estimated that 9.3 per cent of total labour input in the private sector in the EU28 is undeclared and that undeclared work constitutes on average 14.3 per cent of gross value added in the private sector. Furthermore, in 2013, 4 …
The Shadow Economy, Colin C. Williams, Friedrich Schneider
The Shadow Economy, Colin C. Williams, Friedrich Schneider
Colin C Williams
No abstract provided.
An Appraisal Of Local Exchange And Trading Systems In The United Kingdom, Colin C. Williams
An Appraisal Of Local Exchange And Trading Systems In The United Kingdom, Colin C. Williams
Colin C Williams
During the past few years, Local Exchange and Trading Systems (LETS) have emerged through the
United Kingdom and are being widely heralded as a new tool for promoting community development.
Indeed, 64 per cent of local authorities have expressed an intention to develop a LETS in their area (Gibbs et al, 1995). However, there has been little, if any, appraisal of LETS which can inform such policy initiatives. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to report the results of a national survey of the origins, objectives, growth, magnitude, character and impacts of LETS. Arising out of this, several alterations …