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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Business
Covered Interest Rate Parity: The Usd And Cny, Kimberly D. Scott
Covered Interest Rate Parity: The Usd And Cny, Kimberly D. Scott
Kimberly D Scott
One of many tests of international finance is a test termed Covered Interest Rate Parity (CIRP). This theorem posits that exchange rate forward premiums (discounts) are offset by the respective interest rate differential between two currencies (Bhargava, Dania, & Malhotra, 2011). To briefly describe another theorem of interest rate parity is the Uncovered Interest Rate Parity (UIRP). This theorem posits that a return on an uncovered foreign currency deposit should be equal to the return on a similar domestic deposit despite the national market the foreign deposit is located.
Chinese Approach To Exchange Rates And Impact On Trade, Kimberly D. Scott
Chinese Approach To Exchange Rates And Impact On Trade, Kimberly D. Scott
Kimberly D Scott
The United States and China have embarked on considerable deliberation in the United States trade and the value of the Chinese currency among academics and politicians alike. Over the years, research on the two topics has consistently addressed the subject by investigating the equilibrium real exchange rate between the yuan (CNY) and the dollar (USD), with results exposing the undervaluation in the yuan since the 1990’s.
Cny & Usd: Foreign Exchange Rates, Kimberly D. Scott
Cny & Usd: Foreign Exchange Rates, Kimberly D. Scott
Kimberly D Scott
A forward rate is related to a spot rate that is set to take place in the future (Bekaert & Hodrick, 2012). Interestingly, one issue that can be challenging when performing transactions is not knowing what the rate will yield in the future versus at present. Due to market pressures or even policy decisions, either a devaluation or revaluation of domestic currency to foreign currencies can transpire.
Chinese Yuan And The American Dollar, Kimberly D. Scott
Chinese Yuan And The American Dollar, Kimberly D. Scott
Kimberly D Scott
The economic relationship between China and the United States has been a hit and miss discussion over the years. One question, in particular, has stimulated more than speculation, but empirical research of whether we know that China's currency is undervalued is certainly a trigger to perform further research.
Analysis United Kingdom And United States Healthcare, Joyce K. Kutin
Analysis United Kingdom And United States Healthcare, Joyce K. Kutin
Joyce K Kutin RN, MSN, MOL
United Kingdom and the United States are two dissimilar health systems each having uniquely differing focuses, where the primary differences are a parliamentary verses a republic government application toward the socioeconomic requirements of the populace. The United Kingdom’s National Health Service interprets health care as a public service rather than the commodity. The United States healthcare system is riddled with disparities regarding quality, access and cost. The socioeconomic poor and or homeless are less likely to utilize the healthcare system when compared to others who are more fortunate. Health care systems are facing the same challenges around the world with …
Career-Based Influences On Scientific Recognition In The United States And Europe: Longitudinal Evidence From Curriculum Vitae Data, Jan Youtie, Juan Rogers, Thomas Heinze, Philip Shapira, Li Tang
Career-Based Influences On Scientific Recognition In The United States And Europe: Longitudinal Evidence From Curriculum Vitae Data, Jan Youtie, Juan Rogers, Thomas Heinze, Philip Shapira, Li Tang
Philip Shapira
This paper examines how funding patterns, career pathways and collaboration networks influence scientific recognition. We analyze these institutional factors in the early and middle phases of academic careers through comparison of a group of researchers recognized as creative by their peers with a matched group of researchers. Measurement of scientific recognition is based on survey nominations and research prizes in two growing, laboratory-intensive research domains: nanotechnology and human genetics. Curriculum vitae data is used to compare researchers based in the United States and Europe. In the early career model for the United States, we find that scientific recognition is associated …
Graphene Research Profile: Uk And Us Publications, 2000-2010, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie, Stephen Carley
Graphene Research Profile: Uk And Us Publications, 2000-2010, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie, Stephen Carley
Philip Shapira
In this document we provide an overview of graphene research that appears in the Web of Science (WOS) during the timeframe 2000 to 2010, inclusive. WOS databases that contain graphene research articles include SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and A&HCI. The search strategy used in this profile was a simple one: all WOS articles from 2000 to 2010 whose title contained the keyword ‘graphene’ were downloaded and analyzed using VantagePoint textmining software. The search strategy used resulted in a total of 4,706 publications spanning 11 years, 313 journals, 78 countries, 1,433 institutional affiliations and 7,617 authors. After a brief presentation of global results, …
The Innovation System And Innovation Policy In The United States, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie
The Innovation System And Innovation Policy In The United States, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie
Philip Shapira
The US has a highly decentralized and diverse innovation system, involving multiple actors, including branches of federal and state governments, public agencies, universi-ties, the private sector, and non-profit and intermediary organizations. The system combines a high-level of R&D (with basic research sponsored particularly by federal government agencies) and a strong orientation towards applications and the market. This chapter provides an overview of the US innovation system and policy including a discussion of the components and participants involved in the US innovation system and its trends in innovation governance. The focus of this chapter is primarily on innovation policies with a …
Emergence Of Nanodistricts In The United States: Path Dependency Or New Opportunities?, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie
Emergence Of Nanodistricts In The United States: Path Dependency Or New Opportunities?, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie
Philip Shapira
Multiple economic development theories suggest that research and innovation in emerging technologies will cluster in certain locations rather then distributing equally among all regions. If this is the case, this distributional pattern has implications for where future economic opportunities as well as future risks will be concentrated. In this paper, we probe nanotechnology (hereafter nano) research and commercialization at a regional level. The study examines the top 30 US “nanodistricts” or metropolitan areas which lead in nanotechnology research activity over the 1990-2006 timeframe. We explore the factors underlying the emergence of these 30 metropolitan areas through exploratory cluster analysis. We …
R&D Policy In The United States: The Promotion Of Nanotechnology, Philip Shapira, Jue Wang
R&D Policy In The United States: The Promotion Of Nanotechnology, Philip Shapira, Jue Wang
Philip Shapira
This case study reviews the evolution of nanotechnology policies and programmes in the United States with a particular focus on three thematic areas: governance, interactions among R&D policies, and interaction between R&D policy and non-R&D policies. Federal R&D policy in nanotechnology has moved through several stages, including initial exploration before the 1980s, the promotion of scientific and technological breakthroughs in the 1980s, policy development in the 1990s and multiagency national initiatives in the 2000s. Since 2001, the major federal R&D policy mechanism in nanotechnology in the US has been the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). NNI promotes policy deliberation and, most …
Us Manufacturing Extension Partnerships: Technology Policy Reinvented, Philip Shapira
Us Manufacturing Extension Partnerships: Technology Policy Reinvented, Philip Shapira
Philip Shapira
The US manufacturing extension partnership (MEP) is examined as an example of the new partnership paradigm in US technology policy. The MEP provides technology assistance services, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises. Influenced by aims to reinvent government and reorient technology policy, the MEP seeks to be comprehensive, collaborative, and demand-driven. However, the MEP’s partnered management style is constrained by political and industrial systems that continue to operate on traditional lines. After probing these tensions, the paper offers insights for the MEP’s future development and for other technology and innovation policies that seek to emulate the MEP’s partnership approach.