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Horse Racing And Historical Horse Racing’S Impact On The Kentucky Economy: Possible Hhr Saturation?, Thomas E. Lambert Mar 2024

Horse Racing And Historical Horse Racing’S Impact On The Kentucky Economy: Possible Hhr Saturation?, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

The Commonwealth of Kentucky currently has 5 thoroughbred racing tracks and 3 harness racing tracks (Kentucky Horse Racing Commission 2023 and Mint Julep Louisville 2021). As Table 1 below shows, the industry employees roughly 7,000 people (direct jobs), and these jobs annually support another 2,000 jobs or so throughout the state. These 2,000 jobs are jobs that are provided by the suppliers to the horse race tracks (indirect jobs) and jobs that are created by the spending of the race track employees and the employees of suppliers on food, housing, transportation, and clothing by vendors and retailers throughout the state …


Historical Horse Racing Dominates Gambling Expenditures In Kentucky—Even Outperforms The Lottery. But Why?, Thomas E. Lambert Mar 2024

Historical Horse Racing Dominates Gambling Expenditures In Kentucky—Even Outperforms The Lottery. But Why?, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

With sports gambling coming to the Commonwealth of Kentucky in September 2023, another competitor to various gaming activities in the state raises the question of how it is doing relative to the others, especially its major competition. As can be seen in the table below, for its first four months of operation, sports gambling in the state brings in almost $900 million and averages around $223 million per month. This average is better than typical monthly lottery sales which come in at around $161 million per month and is far above on and off-track (including simulcasting) racing betting which averages …


Recent Impacts Of Penny And Fixed Odds Wagering: What Does The Future Hold?, Thomas E. Lambert Jul 2023

Recent Impacts Of Penny And Fixed Odds Wagering: What Does The Future Hold?, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

In order hopefully to revive attendance at the tracks and/or fuel a resurgence in gambling (either in person or virtually), the last year has seen some recent wagering developments and changes at different horseracing tracks in the United States. At Ellis Park Racing and Gaming (Henderson, Kentucky) in the Evansville, Indiana metro area, penny wagering has been tried since the 2022 season to influence gambling revenues. Meanwhile, starting in 2022 Monmouth Park in New Jersey now offers “fixed odds” wagering as an alternative to parimutuel wagering for patrons who do not like the possible fluctuations in odds before a race …


Horse Sense Or Horse Hype? Estimating The True Economic Impact Of Churchill Downs And The Kentucky Derby On The Louisville Metro Area, Thomas E. Lambert Mar 2023

Horse Sense Or Horse Hype? Estimating The True Economic Impact Of Churchill Downs And The Kentucky Derby On The Louisville Metro Area, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

In trying to assess the true economic impact of the Kentucky Derby on the Louisville region (north central Kentucky and south central Indiana counties), one can find two different estimates appear in doing a quick search on the internet. Some sources, such as the Kentucky Derby Museum, indicate that the economic impact of the Derby is around $217 million (Kentucky Derby Museum 2023) but never mention a source or study for this conjecture. In doing some research, this amount is determined to come from a 2001 study by the marketing research firm Wilkerson and Associates (LaMarra 2001), and therefore this …


Kentucky Downs And The Mint—A Huge “Exporter” For Kentucky?, Thomas E. Lambert Feb 2023

Kentucky Downs And The Mint—A Huge “Exporter” For Kentucky?, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Kentucky Downs is a thoroughbred racetrack located in Franklin, Kentucky near the Kentucky-Tennessee border and close to Interstate 65 which features European-style (all turf track) racing. (The Mint and Kentucky Downs n.d.). It is also part of an entertainment complex that features a gaming center called The Mint, which has over 1000 historical horse racing (HHR) machines, machines that are somewhat similar to but not exactly the same as casino slot machines (The Mint n.d.). The Mint has another location around 20-30 minutes away by car in Bowling Green, Kentucky, and combined these two operations have around 125 employees according …


Mergers In The Us Gambling And Horse Racing Industries: What It Means For Local Economic Development And Taxation, Thomas E. Lambert Jan 2023

Mergers In The Us Gambling And Horse Racing Industries: What It Means For Local Economic Development And Taxation, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Even before the Covid-19 pandemic, most sectors of the various gambling industries in the United States were showing signs of stagnation. Over the last few years, these industries have seen mergers between horse racing tracks, between horse racing tracks and casinos to form “racinos”, and between casino companies. Many gambling facilities and racetracks have closed and have been sold to developers to be used for other purposes. An industry “shakeout” is occurring, and there appears to be a trend toward greater industry concentration as consumers are showing less and less interest in gambling in general. This has been partially fueled …


A Comparison Of The Economic Impact Of Horse Racing Tracks In Kentucky Versus Neighboring Indiana, Thomas E. Lambert Nov 2022

A Comparison Of The Economic Impact Of Horse Racing Tracks In Kentucky Versus Neighboring Indiana, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

The Louisville metro area is one that spans two states—Kentucky and Indiana. Since the University of Louisville has many students and employees who come from the Hoosier State, it would be interesting to see how the two states compare when it comes to what has been labeled a “signature” industry for the Commonwealth of Kentucky—horse racing.


The Economic Impact Of The Red Mile On The Lexington Metro Area, Thomas E. Lambert Nov 2022

The Economic Impact Of The Red Mile On The Lexington Metro Area, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

The Red Mile Racetrack and Red Mile Gaming Center in Lexington, Kentucky have a harness racetrack, and the track has had a solid tradition for quality harness racing going back to its start in 1875 (Red Mile 2022). This paper examines what economic impact the racetrack and gaming center have on the Lexington metro area (Bourbon, Clark, Fayette, Jessamine, Scott, and Woodford counties in Kentucky) on a yearly basis.


The Economic Impact Of Keeneland Race Course On The Lexington Metro Area With Projections For This Year’S Breeders Cup, Thomas E. Lambert Oct 2022

The Economic Impact Of Keeneland Race Course On The Lexington Metro Area With Projections For This Year’S Breeders Cup, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Keeneland Race Course in Lexington, Kentucky has had a long tradition for quality horse racing going back to its inception in 1936 (Keeneland 2022). With the 2022 Breeders’ Cup World Championships coming to the race track this November, this paper examines what economic impact the race track has on the Lexington metro area (Bourbon, Clark, Fayette, Jessamine, Scott, and Woodford counties in Kentucky) on an annual basis and how the 2022 Breeders’ Cup will boost the impact of the race track when compared to a typical year.


The Economic Impact Of Buying And Redeveloping Ellis Park By Churchill Downs, Thomas E. Lambert Sep 2022

The Economic Impact Of Buying And Redeveloping Ellis Park By Churchill Downs, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Churchill Downs’ acquisition of Ellis Park Racing and Gaming in Henderson, Kentucky reflects the growing number of mergers across the US among racetracks, racetracks and casinos, and casinos with other casinos. Some years back, Ellis racetrack closed for one year due to declining profitability, yet after new ownership took over and a gaming center was added, it began a rebound in earnings (Courier and Press 2008). The $75 million that Churchill Downs plans to spend to transform Ellis Park (Schulz 2022) will have a much bigger impact than the construction, revamping, and expansion of park facilities. This is in addition …


The Economic Impact Of Horse Racing Tracks And Historical Horse Racing In Kentucky, Thomas E. Lambert Jun 2022

The Economic Impact Of Horse Racing Tracks And Historical Horse Racing In Kentucky, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

The Commonwealth of Kentucky currently has 5 thoroughbred racing tracks and 3 harness racing tracks (Mint Julep Louisville 2021). As Table 1 below shows[1], the industry employees roughly 6,000 people (direct jobs), and these jobs annually support another 1,500 jobs or so throughout the state. These 1,500 jobs are jobs that are provided by the suppliers to the horse race tracks (indirect jobs) and jobs that are created by the spending of the race track employees and the employees of suppliers on food, housing, transportation, and clothing by vendors and retailers throughout the state (induced jobs). The direct …


Gambling Opinions And Participation In Kentucky Versus The Other 49 States, Thomas E. Lambert Mar 2022

Gambling Opinions And Participation In Kentucky Versus The Other 49 States, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Much has been written in the Kentucky press over the last few years about how the state is falling behind other states due to Kentucky’s absence of traditional casinos, sports gambling on the NFL, NCAA, etc., and other gambling forms. A major topic has been the potential tax revenues that would be collected if some forms of gambling are legalized in the state. Yet not much has been written about how Kentucky citizens differ from or are similar to citizens in other states with respect to opinions about gambling morality, gambling and spending preferences, and gambling policy. State laws are …


Do Simulcasting And Off-Track Betting Benefit Or Harm Kentucky On-Track Betting?, Thomas E. Lambert Nov 2021

Do Simulcasting And Off-Track Betting Benefit Or Harm Kentucky On-Track Betting?, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Historical Horse Racing Trends Over The Last Five Years: How Much Does Each Machine Earn?, Thomas E. Lambert Aug 2021

Historical Horse Racing Trends Over The Last Five Years: How Much Does Each Machine Earn?, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Sports Gaming, Casinos, And Horse Racing In New Jersey: The Record Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Thomas E. Lambert Jun 2021

Sports Gaming, Casinos, And Horse Racing In New Jersey: The Record Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

New Jersey was the first state to legalize sports gaming outside of Nevada after a landmark US Supreme Court decision in May 2018 struck down a federal law banning sports gambling in all other states and the District of Columbia (Liptak and Draper 2018). Some race tracks such as Monmouth Park race track began offering sports gambling as a way to bring back fans to parimutuel wagering which had been and still is in decline for several decades at tracks throughout the nation (Associated Press 2019). This brief paper examines trends in New Jersey on how sports gambling has grown …


Did Covid Benefit Or Harm Horse Racing Wagering? A Comparison Of Trends, Thomas E. Lambert Jun 2021

Did Covid Benefit Or Harm Horse Racing Wagering? A Comparison Of Trends, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Different media accounts during the recent Covid-19 pandemic have mentioned an upswing in horse racing gambling thanks to a decline in other forms of wagering at casinos and with sports gambling. This paper examines gambling trends across the US before and during the pandemic for these forms in gambling as well as lotteries. Horse racing wagering did see an increase, but not as dramatically as one would expect.


Derby City Gaming Expansion: Its Impact On The Louisville Metro Area, Thomas E. Lambert Jan 2021

Derby City Gaming Expansion: Its Impact On The Louisville Metro Area, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


"Revenues And Expenses For Cons And Festivals" From The Pop Culture Business Handbook For Cons And Festivals, Jon Garon Jan 2017

"Revenues And Expenses For Cons And Festivals" From The Pop Culture Business Handbook For Cons And Festivals, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Pop Culture Business Handbook for Cons and Festivals, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for fan conventions, film festivals, musical festivals, and cultural events.When organizing a festival or Con, the economic model used to develop the event will drive many of the key decisions. If one accepts that the designing of the Con is a form of building a complex game for the attendees, then the Con economy will define many of the structural design choices which will come later in the planning. These chapters …