Business Commons^™

Interfaces, Modularity And Ecosystem Emergence: How Darpa Modularized The Semiconductor Ecosystem, Jennifer Kuan, Joel West

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Scholars have identified the pivotal role that modularity plays in promoting innovation. Modularity affects industry structure by breaking up the value chain along technical interfaces, thereby allowing new entrants to specialize and innovate. Less well-understood is where modularity comes from. Firms seem to behave consistently with the theory in some settings, especially the information technology sector, but not in others, such as automobiles. Here we show how the government has a role to play in generating open interfaces needed for modularity, utilizing a case study of the semiconductor industry from 1970 to 1980. We show how the Defense Department's support …

Quantifying Impacts Of Competition And Demand On The Risk For Fertilizer Plant Locations, William W. Wilson, Sumadhur Shakya

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Fertilizer is an essential commodity traded in international and domestic markets and spatial competition is important feature impacting interfirm rivalry. In the case of North American fertilizer, numerous plants have been announced to either expand or open new plants (nitrogenbased fertilizer plants), exerting competitive pressures on an industry with surplus capacity but highly competitive in terms of production costs and technology. Proposed new plants and expansions are being induced by changes in the composition of crops, changes in the price of natural gas which affects the cost of producing domestic anhydrous ammonia. Developments in the fertilizer industry have become more …

Neuromarketing As A Scale Validation Tool: Understanding Individual Differences Based On The Style Of Processing Scale In Affective Judgements, Meng-Hsien (Jenny) Lin, William Jones, Terry L. Childers

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper revisits a well-cited and widely applied consumer scale, Style of Processing (SOP) (Childers et al., Journal of Consumer Research, 1985, 12, 125), that has been used to investigate individual differences in processing visual versus verbal information in marketing. The scale has advanced knowledge in fields related to marketing communications, product development, psychology, advertising, education and learning theories, shedding light on our understanding of consumer psychology related to persuasion, comprehension, memory, and other consumer cognitive processes involving information. In a research dialog that took place in 2008, a need for further SOP validation was suggested using a neuromarketing approach. …

Editorial: Personalism And Moral Psychology: Re-Humanizing Economies And Organizations, Kleio Akrivou, Caleb Bernacchio, Domenec Melé, Germán Scalzo

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Editorial: Macintyrean Virtue Ethics For Organizations, Work And Employment: What More And What Else?, Caleb Bernacchio, Geoff Moore, Angus Robson, Marta Rocchi

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Digital Technologies And The Future Of Work: An Agent-Centred Ethical Perspective Based On Goods, Norms, And Virtues, Marta Rocchi, Caleb Bernacchio

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

The ethical analysis related to the impact of digital technologies on the future of work needs to be conducted considering the theoretical diversity of ethics. After reviewing prominent existing approaches to ethics (utilitarianism, deontological ethics, virtue ethics), this chapter suggests the need for an agent-centred ethical perspective based on goods, norms, and virtues for the evaluation of ethical issues related to digital technologies and their impact on the future of work. Different examples illustrate the merits of this approach, helping to untangle complex issues concerning the relationship between the nature and scope of digital technologies, regulatory needs within the new …

Organizational And Team Culture As Antecedents Of Protection Motivation Among It Employees, Shwadhin Sharma, Eduardo Aparicio

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

The rapid development of technology and information systems has led to higher information security-related issues in an organization. The age of remote working (i.e., telecommuting) has further increased information security related incidents that need to be adequately addressed. This paper extends the protection motivation theory by drawing insights from organizational and institutional theory literature to examine how organizational culture and subcultures such as team culture impact information security compliance. The primary objective of this study is to understand the impact of the dimensions of organizational culture and team culture on employees’ perceived threats and coping motivation associated with information security …

The Virtues Of Covid-19 Pandemic: How Working From Home Can Make Us The Best (Or The Worst) Version Of Ourselves, Marta Rocchi, Caleb Bernacchio

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

The combined effect of technological innovations in the workplace and the lockdowns imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly increased the prominence of remote working, with an undeniable impact on both business and society. In light of this organizational and sociological change, this article analyzes how this renewed work environment can be the place where workers can develop several relevant virtues, specifically moderation, integrity, and mercy. This new environment may also present the opportunity to develop a number of opposing vices, which are also explained and analyzed. The article concludes by suggesting some implications for managers who wish to promote …

Value Creation And The Internal Goods Of Business, Caleb Bernacchio, Robert Couch

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In his early work, Moore argues that business itself was a MacIntyrean practice. He later rejected this view in response to criticisms from Beadle and others. Most subsequent work, including that of Moore, adopted a view of organizations, including firms, as institutions that house a core practice. We first recount Moore’s early view, defend and it from various criticisms. We then briefly review research in management and finance arguing that this research supports a view of business consonant with Moore’s early view. Thus, we argue that business is a distinct practice that integrates various productive and auxiliary practices to facilitate …

Does Macintyre's Moral Sociology Presuppose A Personalist Moral Psychology? Macintyre And Tomasello On Moral Psychology, Caleb Bernacchio

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Alasdair MacIntyre has developed a theory of virtue ethics that is closely integrated with sociology and organization studies. While rejecting reductive views of the virtues, MacIntyre appeals to their functional role in facilitating collaboration as a basis for justifying their normative requirements. This raises the question of how agents within cooperative contexts come to appreciate their intrinsic value. I argue that MacIntyre's account of the virtues is undergirded by an implicit personalist moral psychology. To make this evident, I draw upon the account of moral psychology developed by Michael Tomasello, who argues that a sense of moral obligation is generated …

Climate Change And Cop26: Are Digital Technologies And Information Management Part Of The Problem Or The Solution? An Editorial Reflection And Call To Action, Yogesh K. Dwivedi, Laurie Hughes, Arpan Kumar Kar, Abdullah M. Baabdullah, Purva Grover, Roba Abbas, Daniela Andreini, Iyad Abumoghli, Yves Barlette, Deborah Bunker, Leona Chandra Kruse, Ioanna Constantiou, Robert M. Davison, Rahul De’, Rameshwar Dubey, Henry Fenby-Taylor, Babita Gupta, Wu He, Mitsuru Kodama, Matti Mäntymäki, Bhimaraya Metri, Katina Michael, Johan Olaisen, Niki Panteli, Samuli Pekkola, Rohit Nishant, Ramakrishnan Raman, Nripendra P. Rana, Frantz Rowe, Suprateek Sarker, Brenda Scholtz, Maung Sein, Jeel Dharmeshkumar Shah, Thompson S.H. Teo, Manoj Kumar Tiwari, Morten Thanning Vendelø, Michael Wade

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

The UN COP26 2021 conference on climate change offers the chance for world leaders to take action and make urgent and meaningful commitments to reducing emissions and limit global temperatures to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels by 2050. Whilst the political aspects and subsequent ramifications of these fundamental and critical decisions cannot be underestimated, there exists a technical perspective where digital and IS technology has a role to play in the monitoring of potential solutions, but also an integral element of climate change solutions. We explore these aspects in this editorial article, offering a comprehensive opinion based insight to a …

Crisis And Non-Crisis Short Selling And Bank Enforcement Actions, Leslie Boni, J. Chris Leach, Reilly S. White

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Employing standard informed trading intuition, we develop testable hypotheses regarding short selling before and after bank enforcement action (EA) initiations. For U.S.-listed bank firm data for 2007 to 2012, we find strong support for differentiated short seller activity and skill in crisis versus non-crisis periods. In financial crises, short sellers predominantly position prior to EAs. The EA initiations then act as information-homogenizing and profit-taking events reducing incentives to remain positioned. In contrast, EAs in non-crisis periods appear to serve as wake-up calls that attract additional short selling. Our findings offer potentially important insights for regulators considering short sellers’ reactions to …

The Role Of Precision Agriculture In Food Security, Bruce Erickson, Scott W. Fausti

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Precision agriculture (PA) is the application of information technology to better manage crop and livestock production, heralded as another tool to advance food security around the world. Precision agriculture has the potential to increase productivity, improve resource allocation for inputs such as pesticides, fertilizers, water, feed, and labor, provide for more stable production, and reduce agricultural production's environmental effect. But PA is an approach that can be very different depending on farm characteristics, such as crops and livestock raised, farm size, management, the farms’ access to technical support, and the characteristics of the operator such as age and education. As …

Twitter Vs. Zika—The Role Of Social Media In Epidemic Outbreaks Surveillance, Mohamed Abouzahra, Joseph Tan

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: The risk of global epidemic outbreaks led to the development of epidemic tracking services dedicated to track and warn against them. Despite the usefulness of these services, they suffer from shortcomings that impact their efficiency. This study examines the efficacy of social media in epidemic outbreak surveillance by studying Twitter users’ behavior related to the Zika virus outbreak in 2015–2016 and how this behavior can be used to track and predict Zika virus.

Methods: We collected 67,0 0 0 tweets in English and Spanish under the hashtag #Zikavirus and #Zika in the period from October 1st , 2015 to …

Animals In Our Lives: An Interactive Well-Being Perspective, Nancy V. Wünderlich, Jill Mosteller, Michael B. Beverland, Hilary Downey, Karen Kraus, Meng-Hsien (Jenny) Lin, Henna Syrjälä

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Humans have long interacted with animals. Recently, market-based responses to societal challenges, including loneliness and mental well-being include the use of animals. Considerable research concerning consumer–animal relationships has also examined the benefits (micro, meso, and macro) of human-animal interaction and companionship. However, much of this research is fragmented and lacks a broader organizing framework. It also suffers from an anthropomorphic bias, whereby the interests of animals are excluded. To address this, we provide a macromarketing perspective on consumer–animal relations and explore the interdependencies of consumer–animal relationships on consumer, animal, and community well-being. We introduce and apply the Interactive Well-Being framework …

Socioecological Influences On Concussion Reporting By Ncaa Division 1 Athletes In High-Risk Sports, Steven R. Corman, Bradley J. Adame, Jiun-Yi Tsai, Scott W. Ruston, Joshua S. Beaumont, Jessica K. Kamrath, Yanqin Liu, Karlee A. Posteher, Rikki Tremblay, Lisa J. Van Raalte

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Concussion among athletes is an issue of growing concern, with efforts underway to improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Success depends on communication by athletes, as brain-related symptoms are often not outwardly visible. Education programs to increase reporting behavior have not been successful to date. In accordance with the socioecological approach to health, we argue that multiple levels of influence on student athletes must be addressed, and report a multi-dimensional, mixed-methods research project conducted to identify possible points of intervention into changing the culture of concussioninjury reporting among collegiate athletes. Using quantitative, qualitative and interpretive methods, we examine the individual-level vested …

Applying Blockchain For Dual Use Technologies Supply Chain Security, Babita Gupta, Seema Gahlaut, Shwadhin Sharma

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Blockchain technology is gaining momentum with potential applications in businesses, government, and social context with some impressive applications for storing information, eliminating intermediaries, and enabling greater coordination between entities in issues such as in maintaining data standards (Higginson, Nadeau, and Rajgopal, 2019). While there are aspects of this technology that are still not settled such as the question of whether it is a disruptor or foundational technology, there is an agreement that it has the capability to increase security and transparency of transactions to all parties. Smart contracts using blockchain are theorized to be manifested using machine-to-machine coordination within IoT …

Design Process And Utilization Of A Novel Clinical Decision Support System For Neuropathic Pain In Primary Care: Mixed Methods Observational Study, Dale Guenter, Mohamed Abouzahra, Inge Schabort, Arun Radhakrishnan, Kalpana Nair, Sherrie Orr, Jessica Langevin, Paul Taenzer, Dwight E. Moulin

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have emerged as an approach to improve compliance of clinicians with clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Research utilizing CDSS has primarily been conducted in clinical contexts with clear diagnostic criteria such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, research on CDSS for pain management and more specifically neuropathic pain has been limited. A CDSS for neuropathic pain has the potential to enhance patient care as the challenge of diagnosing and treating neuropathic pain often leads to tension in clinician-patient relationships.

Objective: The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a CDSS aimed …

Knowledge, Skills, And Abilities In The Precision Agriculture Workforce: An Industry Survey, Bruce Erickson, Scott Fausti, David Clay, Sharon Clay

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Precision agriculture encompasses a set of related technologies aimed at better utilizing crop inputs, increasing yield and quality, reducing production risks, and enabling information flow throughout the crop supply and end-use chains. As agricultural businesses invest in precision offerings, their capacity to provide these products and services will depend on their ability to hire and retain employees with appropriate proficiency as defined in their knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs). A 2015 survey of agricultural retailers examined the minimum educational requirements retailers were seeking in their hires, along with the importance of a list of KSAs for the various positions that …

Extensive Usage Of Insecticide And Changing Crop Rotation Patterns: A South Dakota Case Study, Scott Fausti

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Driven by factors such as an increased reliance on genetically modified crops, government policies, and market forces, the crop mix in South Dakota and elsewhere in the United States has become less diverse and moved toward the production of corn and soybeans as the most predominant cash crops over the past two decades. Coinciding with a reduced complexity of crop rotation practices, the prevalence of mono-cropping has increased and crop chemical usage has changed as well. Overall, the reduced reliance on traditional crop rotation practices for mitigating pests corresponds with an increase in crop acres treated with insecticides, expressed as …

The Impacts Of Interbank Connections: Evidence From Mergers And Acquisitions, Christina Zhang

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

The paper identifies the difference between connected and unconnected deals and examines the impact of the interbank connections among M&A deals. Deals with connected advisors are generally more complex and larger than the ones without. In addition, target valuation is significantly higher for deals with connected advisors than the ones without. However, the completion rate is generally indifferent between the two types of deals, but the completion time is typically shorter for the deals with connected advisors. Moreover, targets' announcement returns are significantly positive when connected advisors are hired. Overall, it appears that interbank connections benefit the target firms.

Information Sharing Behavior Of The Older Adults: An Empirical Study Of Their Online Privacy Concerns, Babita Gupta, Anitha Chennamaneni

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study aims to understand the concerns and behavior of older adults towards information privacy in the context of online interactions: what factors shape older adults' privacy risk concerns regarding sharing their online information; how do the privacy risk concerns affect their online behavior and what factors might mitigate this relationship. We propose a research model based on the Theory of Reasoned Action. Based on the findings, we discuss the study's implications.

Facility Location Problem Of Beverage Distribution Considering Time Window And Land Use Plan Using Gis, Eunsu Lee, Alan D. Dybing, Sumadhur Shakya

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

As the boundaries and population of urban areas expand, beverage distributors may seek to expand the capacity in their distribution centers. As a result, they may need to add new locations or increase the utilization of their existing center. This paper investigates the facility location problem through network space, considering traversable truck roads, thereby providing a strategic decision for identifying a depot location in consideration of vehicle routings from a real application. For the analysis, a geospatial tool, which is embedded in the commercial software ArcMap®, was used for routing and calibrating the model. Ten candidates from commercial and industrial …

Valuing New Random Genetically Modified (Gm) Traits In Corn, Sumadhur Shakya, William W. Wilson, Bruce Dahl

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Numerous genetically modified (GM) traits are currently under development. Those currently being developed for corn include traits for drought tolerance, cold tolerance, and nitrogen use efficiency, among others. The value of these traits is random and sporadic, creating challenges in assessing its ex ante value. This study estimates the ex ante value of a GM trait in corn with random characteristics. A real option model is developed to capture risks and returns associated with the traits, and estimates are derived for drought tolerant corn. Base case results indicate a slight chance that the option value would be out-of-the-money during the …