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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Business
The Global Emergence Of Chinese Multinationals: A Resource-Based View Of Ownership And Performance, Xiaoming He, Subrata Chakrabarty, Lorraine Eden
The Global Emergence Of Chinese Multinationals: A Resource-Based View Of Ownership And Performance, Xiaoming He, Subrata Chakrabarty, Lorraine Eden
Subrata Chakrabarty
We apply insights from the resource-based view to better understand the emergence of Chinese multinational companies (MNCs) and to investigate the determinants of their performance. We argue that state ownership and foreign-corporate ownership have played a role in providing Chinese MNCs with access to key resources to improve their performance. Moreover, given the dominant role of government policies in China, Chinese MNCs are more profitable when their ownership structures align more closely with attributes favored by government policies. Our findings provide strong support to our arguments. This study provides new insights into how ownership structure leads to heterogeneity in MNC …
The Influence Of Unrelated And Related Diversification On Fraudulent Reporting, Subrata Chakrabarty
The Influence Of Unrelated And Related Diversification On Fraudulent Reporting, Subrata Chakrabarty
Subrata Chakrabarty
This study suggests that unrelated diversification has a positive influence on the probability of fraudulent reporting whereas related diversification has a negative influence on the probability of fraudulent reporting. The strength of the influence of these corporate level strategies is contingent on the moral character of the firm. Unrelated diversification provides opportunity for financial innovation within the firm's internal capital market, which can result in fraudulent reporting. This is more likely when the moral character of the firm is driven by a conscienceless financial self-interest motive, as implied by the firm's contempt toward the larger community (in terms of damage …
Organizational Support And Citizenship Behaviors: A Comparative Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis, Dan S. Chiaburu, Subrata Chakrabarty, Jiexin Wang, Ning Li
Organizational Support And Citizenship Behaviors: A Comparative Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis, Dan S. Chiaburu, Subrata Chakrabarty, Jiexin Wang, Ning Li
Subrata Chakrabarty
We integrate and extend the literatures on perceived organizational support (POS), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and comparative crosscultural management by examining whether the POS–OCB relationship is contingent on national culture. In social exchanges between the organization and its employees, employees are likely to act as good citizens in reciprocity to the support provided by their organization. At the same time, it is possible that national culture couches and hence modifies the strength of these exchanges. We use meta-analysis to test the hypotheses. To test national culture as moderator, we use country-level cultural dimensions from Hofstede. Results suggest that the POS–OCB …
Comparing Virtue, Consequentialist, And Deontological Ethics-Based Corporate Social Responsibility: Mitigating Microfinance Risk In Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Comparing Virtue, Consequentialist, And Deontological Ethics-Based Corporate Social Responsibility: Mitigating Microfinance Risk In Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Subrata Chakrabarty
Due to the nature of lending practices and support services offered to the poor in developing countries, portfolio risk is a growing concern for the microfinance industry. Though previous research highlights the importance of risk for microfinance organizations, not much is known about how microfinance organizations can mitigate risks incurred from providing loans to the poor in developing countries. Further, though many microfinance organizations practice corporate social responsibility (CSR) to help create economic and social wealth in developing countries, the impact of such CSR practices remains an underdeveloped area of inquiry. We use a normative ethics lens to develop an …
Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Subrata Chakrabarty
This study examines whether microfinance institutions (MFIs) that serve women borrowers at the base of the economic pyramid are likely to adopt a written code of positive organizational ethics (POE). Using econometric analysis of operational and economic data of a sample of MFIs from across the world, we find that two contextual factors —poverty level and lack of women's empowerment— moderate the influence of an MFI's percentage of women borrowers on the probability of the MFI having a POE code. MFIs that serve more women borrowers are more likely to adopt a POE code, especially in negative contexts (where women …
Corporate Governance In Microfinance Institutions: Board Composition And The Ability To Face Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Corporate Governance In Microfinance Institutions: Board Composition And The Ability To Face Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Subrata Chakrabarty
Research Question/Issue: We utilize institutional theory to examine corporate governance in microfinance institutions (MFIs). Many MFIs operate at the bottom of the economic pyramid (BOP), which is usually agrarian, impoverished, and plagued with institutional voids. We investigate the link between the composition of the boards of MFIs and the ability of the MFIs to face institutional voids to ensure organizational viability.
Research Findings/Insights: We find that MFIs with boards that have more socio-economic expertise and female representation are better able to lower the MFI’s costs of operating at the BOP. However, this relationship weakens when the effectiveness of agrarian institutions …
Resource Security: Competition For Global Resources, Strategic Intent, And Governments As Owners, A E. Bass, Subrata Chakrabarty
Resource Security: Competition For Global Resources, Strategic Intent, And Governments As Owners, A E. Bass, Subrata Chakrabarty
Subrata Chakrabarty
We develop a resource security theory by examining the intent of acquisitions of scarce resources by multinational firms. Results suggest that owners of firms can shape the intent of resource acquisitions. Specifically, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) tend to acquire and pay more for resources for exploration rather than exploitation. This is because SOEs’ owners —governments— are most concerned with securing their country’s future. We contribute to the literature by suggesting that ownership influences resource acquisitions, that resource security is of importance to multinational enterprises, and that SOEs invest abroad to safeguard both their own and their home countries’ future.
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Encouraging Entrepreneurship: Microfinance, Knowledge Support, And The Costs Of Operating In Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Encouraging Entrepreneurship: Microfinance, Knowledge Support, And The Costs Of Operating In Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Subrata Chakrabarty
This study focuses on the supplemented strategies of microfinance institutions (MFIs), in which the MFI offers nonfinancial services, such as entrepreneurship related knowledge, in addition to financial services to impoverished borrowers at the bottom of the pyramid (BoP). We examine two contextual factors— foreign direct investment (FDI) and loan defaults— to better understand the relationship between providing knowledge support to encourage entrepreneurship and costs of operating at the BoP for MFIs. In contexts where FDI is low and loan defaults are high, providing knowledge support to encourage entrepreneurship aggravates the MFI's costs of operating at the BoP. However, in contexts …
Climate Change Mitigation And Internationalization: The Competitiveness Of Multinational Corporations, Subrata Chakrabarty, Liang(Lucas) Wang
Climate Change Mitigation And Internationalization: The Competitiveness Of Multinational Corporations, Subrata Chakrabarty, Liang(Lucas) Wang
Subrata Chakrabarty
In recent years, the debate about climate change and the competitiveness of multinational corporations (MNCs) has increased. Decision-makers in MNCs often face ambiguities on how their business competitiveness could be impacted by their actions to mitigate climate change. By combining knowledge from the field of climatology with the management literature, this study suggests that climate change mitigation can enhance an MNC's competitiveness. We test the hypotheses using longitudinal panel data on US MNCs from 2001 to 2009. We find that MNCs that implement climate change mitigation are likely to see significant increase in sales effectiveness and product leadership, but no …
The Long-Term Sustenance Of Sustainability Practices In Mncs: A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective Of The Role Of R&D And Internationalization, Subrata Chakrabarty, Liang(Lucas) Wang
The Long-Term Sustenance Of Sustainability Practices In Mncs: A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective Of The Role Of R&D And Internationalization, Subrata Chakrabarty, Liang(Lucas) Wang
Subrata Chakrabarty
What allows MNCs to maintain their sustainability practices over the long term? This is an important but under-examined question. To address this question, we investigate both the development and sustenance of sustainability practices. We use the dynamic capabilities perspective, rooted in resource-based view literature, as the theoretical basis. We argue that MNCs that simultaneously pursue both higher R&D intensity and higher internationalization are more capable of developing and maintaining sustainability practices. We test our hypotheses using longitudinal panel data from 1989 to 2009. Results suggest that MNCs that have a combination of both high R&D intensity and high internationalization are …
Revisiting A Proposed Definition Of Professional Service Firms, Asghar Zardkoohi, Leonard Bierman, Daria Panina, Subrata Chakrabarty
Revisiting A Proposed Definition Of Professional Service Firms, Asghar Zardkoohi, Leonard Bierman, Daria Panina, Subrata Chakrabarty
Subrata Chakrabarty
We have attempted to explain why professional service firms (PSFs) even in some of the most canonical examples (e.g., law firms) fail to follow the traditional definition. Growth in the size and geographic diversification of law firms has transformed their organizational structures and in some cases even allowed outside investment. We believe an attempt at defining organizational structure and ownership for any industry, including PSFs, is exposed to creating too many exceptions that may fall outside the confines of the definition. In particular, the problem of defining an industry is that while a given definition may in one context neatly …
The Sidelining Of Top It Executives In The Governance Of Outsourcing: Antecedents, Power Struggles, And Consequences, Subrata Chakrabarty, Dwayne Whitten
The Sidelining Of Top It Executives In The Governance Of Outsourcing: Antecedents, Power Struggles, And Consequences, Subrata Chakrabarty, Dwayne Whitten
Subrata Chakrabarty
This study attempts to highlight the paradoxical aspects of top management power contests within customer firms that outsource information technology (IT) work. Intraorganizational power theory forms the overarching theoretical basis for this study. The focus is on the antecedents and consequences of the relative power of business executives (Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer) versus IT executives (Chief Information Officer, Head of IT) in the governance of IT outsourcing. Evidence from a field survey supports the existence of a paradox. When a firm's financial performance has been poor and the firm did not have a sizeable …
The Strategic Choice To Continue Outsourcing, Switch Vendors, Or Backsource: Do Switching Costs Matter?, Dwayne Whitten, Subrata Chakrabarty, Robin Wakefield
The Strategic Choice To Continue Outsourcing, Switch Vendors, Or Backsource: Do Switching Costs Matter?, Dwayne Whitten, Subrata Chakrabarty, Robin Wakefield
Subrata Chakrabarty
IT outsourcing contracts are often discontinued in favor of other alternatives (returning to in-house development, or switching to another vendor). Switching costs are experienced when terminating a business relationship and securing an alternative. We tried to answer the question: do switching costs matter significantly in the strategic choice to continue outsourcing, switch vendors, or backsource? Switching costs were considered, such as those due to IT operations (sunk investment, lost performance, system upgrades, uncertainty, and induction-retraining-performance), personnel-replacement costs (candidate search, and IT/setup), and in-house learning (cognitive/behavioral learning). A field survey was conducted, and, for each of these cost types, the differences …
The Influence Of National Culture And Institutional Voids On Family Ownership Of Large Firms: A Country Level Empirical Study, Subrata Chakrabarty
The Influence Of National Culture And Institutional Voids On Family Ownership Of Large Firms: A Country Level Empirical Study, Subrata Chakrabarty
Subrata Chakrabarty
There is considerable variation across countries in both the extent to which large publicly listed firms are family-owned and the dominance of such family-owned firms in stock markets. The literature presents competing theoretical viewpoints on what influences such country-level variation. On one hand, institutional economists suggest that institutional voids can have a strong influence. On the other hand, cultural sociologists suggest that a country's culture can have a strong influence. One type of institutional void is a lack of institutional norms and regulations needed for monitoring contracts (which can discourage owners from hiring professional agents for top management positions in …
Understanding Service Quality And Relationship Quality In Is Outsourcing: Client Orientation & Promotion, Project Management Effectiveness, And The Task-Technology-Structure Fit, Subrata Chakrabarty, Dwayne Whitten, Kenneth W. Green
Understanding Service Quality And Relationship Quality In Is Outsourcing: Client Orientation & Promotion, Project Management Effectiveness, And The Task-Technology-Structure Fit, Subrata Chakrabarty, Dwayne Whitten, Kenneth W. Green
Subrata Chakrabarty
A national survey of firms that participated in outsourcing relationships was conducted, and service quality and relationship quality were found to be significantly and positively related to each other and both had a significant impact on user satisfaction. However, the intricacies of the causal effects between the two autonomous constructs, service quality and relationship quality, are a source of interest. In post-analysis theory building, we give a conceptual model that proposes that the positive causal effect of service quality on relationship quality would be positively moderated by the client orientation and promotion effectiveness of the vendor, while the positive causal …
Organisational Culture Of Customer Care: Market Orientation And Service Quality, Kenneth W. Green, Subrata Chakrabarty, Dwayne Whitten
Organisational Culture Of Customer Care: Market Orientation And Service Quality, Kenneth W. Green, Subrata Chakrabarty, Dwayne Whitten
Subrata Chakrabarty
The purpose of this study is to assess the proposition that adoption of a market orientation leads to improved service quality for service sector organisations. We argue that an organisational culture incorporating customer care as its central tenet and involving efforts to understand the needs of customers through a market orientation enables the organisation to provide quality services that satisfy the identified customer needs. Data were collected from 15 service providers using the MORTN scale to measure market orientation and the SERVPERF scale to measure service quality. The results support the theorised positive link between market orientation and service quality. …