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An Empirical Analysis Of Cash Flow, Working Capital, And The Stability Of Financial Ratio Groups In The Hospital Industry, David Chun, Terrell Zollinger, Anne Kelly, Robert Sawyer
An Empirical Analysis Of Cash Flow, Working Capital, And The Stability Of Financial Ratio Groups In The Hospital Industry, David Chun, Terrell Zollinger, Anne Kelly, Robert Sawyer
Anne Kelly
Hospitals are facing stringent financial constraints as well as proposed changes in their financial reporting. Three issues were explored: (a) whether hospital financial ratio groups differed from industrial firm financial ratio groups found in previous studies; (b) whether hospital financial ratio groups remained stable over a five-year period 1983–1987; and (c) whether there was a difference between working capital flow, cash flow, and net income plus depreciation as alternative hospital asset flow measures. The results of our study confirmed the existence of five hospital ratio groups that were identical to industrial ratio groups. A separate Cash Flow group emerged for …
Assessing Accountability In U.S. Public Education, Anne Kelly, J. Orris
Assessing Accountability In U.S. Public Education, Anne Kelly, J. Orris
Anne Kelly
Public education accountability rests almost exclusively with schools rather than governments. This paper explores its three dimensions: economy, efficiency, and effectiveness. Performance indicators of these dimensions were developed which facilitated testing of significant differences in means over time using analysis of variance. Only salary and wage expenditures per instruction personnel exhibited greater economy. Instructional equipment per pupil was related to increased efficiency. Several indicators suggested enhanced effectiveness. Student/teacher ratio declined and top performers in public schools improved in achievement. Graduation rate, an indicator of achievement and participation, significantly rose in recent years. In summary, several effectiveness indicators revealed encouraging trends …