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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Philosophy
Plan De Tesis: La Representación De La Niñez Y Adolescencia En Los Medios Escritos, Andres Sefla
Plan De Tesis: La Representación De La Niñez Y Adolescencia En Los Medios Escritos, Andres Sefla
ANDRES SEFLA
Los medios de comunicación tradicionalmente se han constituido como mediadores de la sociedad, interponiéndose, a manera de filtro, entre la sociedad y los hechos políticos, económicos, culturales y sociales que interesadamente son susceptibles de ser informados. Por ello, se dice que los medios son reproductores de la sociedad, puesto que a través de las narrativas producen sentidos sobre el mundo, es decir, éstos generan imágenes o cosmovisiones sobre el ámbito de referencia al cual se lancen para transmitir o publicar en sus emisiones o páginas informativas. En este sentido, la información es un hecho comunicativo inherente a la cultura mediática …
¡Mujer, Todavía Queda Mucho Por Luchar!, Andres Sefla
¡Mujer, Todavía Queda Mucho Por Luchar!, Andres Sefla
ANDRES SEFLA
Artículo de opinión que habla sobre la tarea social que tenemos todas las personas para reafirmar el rol activo de la mujer, y que no solamente se quede en la llana celebración de un día, como lo fue el "Día internacional de la Mujer". Se trata de provocar una re-significación de los discursos y las prácticas a fin de conseguir una igualdad de condiciones y de derechos entre los sujetos.
Webs Of Faith As A Source Of Reasonable Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
Webs Of Faith As A Source Of Reasonable Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
Gregory Brazeal
Contemporary political theorists and philosophers of epistemology and religion have often drawn attention to the problem of reasonable disagreement. The idea that deliberators may reasonably persist in a disagreement even under ideal deliberative conditions and even over the long term poses a challenge to the common assumption that rationality should lead to consensus. This essay proposes a previously unrecognized source of reasonable disagreement, based on the notion that an individual's beliefs are rationally related to one another in a fabric of sentences or web of beliefs. The essay argues that an individual's beliefs may not form a single, seamless web, …
The Truths Of Chenglish: Logical Imperfection, Natural Language, And Philosophical Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
The Truths Of Chenglish: Logical Imperfection, Natural Language, And Philosophical Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
Gregory Brazeal
Why is it that philosophy seems unable to obtain the kinds of agreement regularly achieved by mathematics and the natural sciences? The experimental philosophy movement emphasizes conflicting intuitions as a potential source of philosophical disagreement. This essay draws attention to another, complementary source: the logical imperfection of natural languages. Unlike logic as it is formalized in symbolic notation, the rules governing the correct use of terms in a natural language can be indeterminate, underdetermined, and inconsistent. Though most philosophers recognize the logical imperfection of natural languages in the abstract, everyday philosophical discussion is often conducted as though the argumentative moves …
Global Cosmopolitanism And Nomad Citizenship, Eugene W. Holland
Global Cosmopolitanism And Nomad Citizenship, Eugene W. Holland
Eugene W Holland
This essay develops a vision of global citizenship based on Deleuze & Guattari's concept of nomadism. {NB: non-conforming pagination; do not cite this version.}
Deleuze And Psychoanalysis, Eugene W. Holland
Deleuze And Psychoanalysis, Eugene W. Holland
Eugene W Holland
This essay lays out Deleuze and Deleuze & Guattari's engagements with psychoanalysis, presenting their relationship to Freud and the often ignored influence of Jung before presenting their own positive account of schizoanalysis, which results from subjecting psychoanalysis to critiques by Marx and Nietzsche. {NB: Non-conforming pagination; do not cite this version.}
Understanding Controversies And Ill-Structured Problems Through Argument Visualization. Curriculum And Learning Materials For Problem-Based Learning In Small Groups Of Students Who Work Autonomously On Projects With The Interactive Agora Software, Including An Exemplary Reader On Genetically Modified Plants, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
No abstract provided.
Los Bailes Juveniles, Muestra De Auténtica Violencia Desde Los Medios, Andres Sefla
Los Bailes Juveniles, Muestra De Auténtica Violencia Desde Los Medios, Andres Sefla
ANDRES SEFLA
Análisis sobre los estereotipos de violencia que trasgreden los derechos de los menores de edad en los medios de comunicación ecuatorianos. Caso particular: Diario Expreso.
Powerful Arguments: Logical Argument Mapping, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Powerful Arguments: Logical Argument Mapping, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
This paper argues that deductive arguments are "powerful" when the goal is to stimulate reflection on one's own reasoning. Powerful arguments are defined as arguments that leave only one choice for a potential opponent: either to accept the conclusion or to defeat one of its premises. In the first part, the paper presents an argument for the thesis that so defined powerful arguments are possible when we do not only provide reasons as premises of an argument, but also what is called an "enabler." An "enabler" is that premise in an argument that guarantees that the reason provided in this …
Cognitive Effects Of Argument Visualization Tools, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Cognitive Effects Of Argument Visualization Tools, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
External representations play a crucial role in learning. At the same time, cognitive load theory suggests that the possibility of learning depends on limited resources of the working memory and on cognitive load imposed by instructional design and representation tools. Both these observations motivate a critical look at Computer-Supported Argument Visualization (CSAV) tools that are supposed to facilitate learning. This paper uses cognitive load theory to compare the cognitive efficacy of RationaleTM 2 and AGORA.
Analyzing Framing Processes In Conflicts And Communication By Means Of Logical Argument Mapping, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Analyzing Framing Processes In Conflicts And Communication By Means Of Logical Argument Mapping, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
The primary goal of this chapter is to present a new method—called Logical Argument Mapping (LAM)—for the analysis of framing processes as they occur in any communication, but especially in conflicts. I start with a distinction between boundary setting, meaning construction, and sensemaking as three forms or aspects of framing, and argue that crucial for the resolution of frame-based controversies is our ability to deal with those “webs” of mutually supporting beliefs that determine sensemaking processes. Since any analysis of framing in conflicts and communication is itself influenced by sensemaking—there is no “frame-neutrality”—the main problem for an analyst is to …
“Theoric Transformations” And A New Classification Of Abductive Inferences, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
“Theoric Transformations” And A New Classification Of Abductive Inferences, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Based on a definition of “abductive insight” and a critical discussion of G. Schurz’s (2008) distinction of eleven “patterns of abduction” that he organizes in four groups, I suggest an even more comprehensive classification that distinguishes 15 forms in an alternative structure. These forms are organized, on the one hand, with regard to what is abductively inferred—singular facts; types; laws; theoretical models; or representation systems—and, on the other, with regard to the question whether the abductive procedure is selective or creative (including a distinction between “psychologically creative,” as in school learning, or “historically creative”). Moreover, I argue that theoretical-model abduction—which …
Lam Map Of Nagel's Core Argument In "The Problem Of Global Justice" (2005), Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Lam Map Of Nagel's Core Argument In "The Problem Of Global Justice" (2005), Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
This map is also available online: http://tinyurl.com/23vweqm
Lam Map Of Thomas Nagel (2005), The Problem Of Global Justice, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Lam Map Of Thomas Nagel (2005), The Problem Of Global Justice, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
This map is also available online: http://tinyurl.com/22o9q9q
The Debate About The Stern-Review And The Economics Of Climate Change, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
The Debate About The Stern-Review And The Economics Of Climate Change, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
This map is -- in a different form, with linked sub-maps -- also available online: http://tinyurl.com/y9jlsxv
Argument Visualization In The Political Arena: The Debate On Global Climate Engineering, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Argument Visualization In The Political Arena: The Debate On Global Climate Engineering, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
A map that shows a certain point in a fictitious deliberation which is supposed to be ongoing and open-ended, driven by the motive of participants to support or to criticize any of the assumptions mapped out so far by further arguments. This map is mainly based on recent publications on geo-engineering
Affirmative Nomadology And The War Machine, Eugene W. Holland
Affirmative Nomadology And The War Machine, Eugene W. Holland
Eugene W Holland
No abstract provided.
Karl Marx, Eugene W. Holland
Diabolical Frivolity Of Neoliberal Fundamentalism, Sefik Tatlic
Diabolical Frivolity Of Neoliberal Fundamentalism, Sefik Tatlic
Sefik Tatlic
Today, we cannot talk just about plain control, but we must talk about the nature of the interaction of the one who is being controlled and the one who controls, an interaction where the one that is “controlled” is asking for more control over himself/herself while expecting to be compensated by a surplus of freedom to satisfy trivial needs and wishes. Such a liberty for the fulfillment of trivial needs is being declared as freedom. But this implies as well the freedom to choose not to be engaged in any kind of socially sensible or politically articulated struggle.
Being Aristotelean: Using Virtue Ethics In An Applied Media Ethics Course, Wendy N. Wyatt
Being Aristotelean: Using Virtue Ethics In An Applied Media Ethics Course, Wendy N. Wyatt
Wendy N Wyatt
This essay explores the tendency of undergraduate media ethics students to do what Bernard Gert calls “morality by slogans” and their tendency to misuse Aristotle’s golden mean slogan. While not solving the dilemma of morality by slogans, the essay suggests some ways of rectifying the misuse of the golden mean and encouraging its more authentic application.
Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva
Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva
armando silva
Exposición sobre el proyecto de imaginarios urbanos de armando silva en la fundación Antoni Tapies de Barcelona, mayo del 20007
Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva
Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva
armando silva
Exposición sobre el proyecto de imaginarios urbanos de armando silva en la fundación Antoni Tapies de Barcelona, mayo del 20007
Learning From People, Things, And Signs, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Learning From People, Things, And Signs, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Starting from the observation that small children can count more objects than numbers—a phenomenon that I am calling the “lifeworld dependency of cognition”—and an analysis of finger calculation, the paper shows how learning can be explained as the development of cognitive systems. Parts of those systems are not only an individual's different forms of knowledge and cognitive abilities, but also other people, things, and signs. The paper argues that cognitive systems are first of all semiotic systems since they are dependent on signs and representations as mediators. The two main questions discussed here are how the external world constrains and …
The Complementarity Of A Representational And An Epistemological Function Of Signs In Scientific Activity, Michael H.G. Hoffmann, Wolff-Michael Roth
The Complementarity Of A Representational And An Epistemological Function Of Signs In Scientific Activity, Michael H.G. Hoffmann, Wolff-Michael Roth
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Signs do not only “represent” something for somebody, as Peirce’s definition goes, but also “mediate” relations between us and our world, including ourselves, as has been elaborated by Vygotsky. We call the first the representational function of a sign and the second the epistemological function since in using signs we make distinctions, specify objects and relations, structure our observations, and organize societal and cognitive activity. The goal of this paper is, on the one hand, to develop a model in which both these functions appear as complementary and, on the other, to show that this complementarity is essential for the …
The Utopian Dimension Of Thought In Deleuze & Guattari, Eugene W. Holland
The Utopian Dimension Of Thought In Deleuze & Guattari, Eugene W. Holland
Eugene W Holland
{NB: non-conforming pagination; do not cite this version.}
Limits Of Truth: Exploring Epistemological Approaches To Argumentation, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Limits Of Truth: Exploring Epistemological Approaches To Argumentation, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Some proponents of epistemological approaches to argumentation (Biro, Siegel, Lumer, Goldman) assume that it should be possible to develop non-relative criteria of argument evaluation. By contrast, this paper argues that any evaluation of an argument depends (a) on the cognitive situation of the evaluator, (b) on background knowledge that is available for this evaluator in a certain situation, and (c)—in some cases—on the belief-value-system this person shares.
Logical Argument Mapping: A Method For Overcoming Cognitive Problems Of Conflict Management, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Logical Argument Mapping: A Method For Overcoming Cognitive Problems Of Conflict Management, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
A crucial problem of conflict management is that whatever happens in negotiations will be interpreted and framed by stakeholders based on their different belief-value systems and world views. This problem will be discussed in the first part of this article as the main cognitive problem of conflict management. The second part develops a general semiotic solution of this problem, based on Charles Peirce's concept of "diagrammatic reasoning." The basic idea is that by representing one 's thought in diagrams, the conditions that determine interpretations can become visible, we can "experiment" with them, and we can change them eventually. The third …
How To Get It. Diagrammatic Reasoning As A Tool Of Knowledge Development And Its Pragmatic Dimension, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
How To Get It. Diagrammatic Reasoning As A Tool Of Knowledge Development And Its Pragmatic Dimension, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Discussions concerning belief revision, theory development, and "creativity" in philosophy and AI, reveal a growing interest in Peirce's concept of abduction. Peirce introduced abduction in an attempt to provide theoretical dignity and clarification to the difficult problem of knowledge generation. He wrote that "An Abduction is Originary in respect to being the only kind of argument which starts a new idea." These discussions, however, have led to considerable debates about the precise way in which Peirce's abduction can be used to explain knowledge generation. The crucial question is that of understanding how we can get the new elements capable of …
Learning By Developing Knowledge Networks. A Semiotic Approach Within A Dialectical Framework, Michael H.G. Hoffmann, Wolf-Michael Roth
Learning By Developing Knowledge Networks. A Semiotic Approach Within A Dialectical Framework, Michael H.G. Hoffmann, Wolf-Michael Roth
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
A central challenge for research on how we should prepare students to manage crossing boundaries between different knowledge settings in life long learning processes is to identify those forms of knowledge that are particularly relevant here. In this paper, we develop by philosophical means the concept of a dialectical system as a general framework to describe the development of knowledge networks that mark the starting point for learning processes, and we use semiotics to discuss (a) the epistemological thesis that any cognitive access to our world of objects is mediated by signs and (b) diagrammatic reasoning and abduction as those …
Peirce's "Diagrammatic Reasoning" As A Solution Of The Learning Paradox, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Peirce's "Diagrammatic Reasoning" As A Solution Of The Learning Paradox, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
How can we reach “new” levels of knowledge if “new” means that there is something “evolved” that cannot be generated simply by deduction or by induction from what has been given before. The paper’s first goal is to show that two paradigmatic attempts at solving this so-called “learning paradox,” Plato’s apriorism and Aristotle’s inductivism, form two horns of a dilemma: While the inductivist cannot justify any representation of data without assuming a priori given hypotheses, the apriorist cannot justify why a certain application of given ideas is correct without being caught in an infinite regress. The second goal is to …