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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Philosophy
A Critique Of Henrik Friberg-Fernros's Defense Of The Substance View, William Simkulet
A Critique Of Henrik Friberg-Fernros's Defense Of The Substance View, William Simkulet
Philosophy and Religious Studies Department Faculty Publications
Proponents of the substance view contend that abortion is seriously morally wrong because it is killing something with the same inherent value and right to life as you or I. Rob Lovering offers two innovative criticisms of the anti-abortion position taken by the substance view - the rescue argument and the problem of spontaneous abortion. Henrik Friberg-Fernros offers an interesting response to Lovering, but one I argue would be inconsistent with the anti-abortion stance taken by most substance view theorists.
Compassion As A Practical And Evolved Ethic For Conservation, David Ramp, Marc Bekoff
Compassion As A Practical And Evolved Ethic For Conservation, David Ramp, Marc Bekoff
Marc Bekoff, PhD
The ethical position underpinning decisionmaking is an important concern for conservation biologists when setting priorities for interventions. The recent debate on how best to protect nature has centered on contrasting intrinsic and aesthetic values against utilitarian and economic values, driven by an inevitable global rise in conservation conflicts. These discussions have primarily been targeted at species and ecosystems for success, without explicitly expressing concern for the intrinsic value and welfare of individual animals. In part, this is because animal welfare has historically been thought of as an impediment to conservation. However, practical implementations of conservation that provide good welfare outcomes …
Intention And Moral Enhancement, William Simkulet
Intention And Moral Enhancement, William Simkulet
Philosophy and Religious Studies Department Faculty Publications
Recently philosophers have proposed a wide variety of interventions referred to as 'moral enhancements'. Some of these interventions are concerned with helping individuals make more informed decisions; others, however, are designed to compel people to act as the intervener sees fit. Somewhere between these two extremes lie interventions designed to direct an agent's attention either towards morally relevant issues - hat-hanging - or away from temptations to do wrong - hat-hiding. I argue that these interventions fail to constitute genuine moral enhancement because, although they may result in more desirable outcomes - more altruism, more law-following, and/or less self-destructive behavior, …
Harry F. Harlow And Animal Research: Reflection On The Ethical Paradox, John P. Gluck
Harry F. Harlow And Animal Research: Reflection On The Ethical Paradox, John P. Gluck
John P. Gluck, PhD
With respect to the ethical debate about the treatment of animals in biomedical and behavioral research, Harry F. Harlow represents a paradox. On the one hand, his work on monkey cognition and social development fostered a view of the animals as having rich subjective lives filled with intention and emotion. On the other, he has been criticized for the conduct of research that seemed to ignore the ethical implications of his own discoveries. The basis of this contradiction is discussed and propositions for current research practice are presented.
Animals In Biomedical Research: The Undermining Effect Of The Rhetoric Of The Besieged, John P. Gluck, Steven R. Kubacki
Animals In Biomedical Research: The Undermining Effect Of The Rhetoric Of The Besieged, John P. Gluck, Steven R. Kubacki
John P. Gluck, PhD
It is correctly asserted that the intensity of the current debate over the use of animals in biomedical research is unprecedented. The extent of expressed animosity and distrust has stunned many researchers. In response, researchers have tended to take a strategic defensive posture, which involves the assertation of several abstract positions that serve to obstruct resolution of the debate. Those abstractions include the notions that the animal protection movement is trivial and purely anti-intellectual in scope, that all science is good (and some especially so), and the belief that an ethical consensus can never really be reached between the parties.
Crispr Humans: Ethics At The Edge Of Science, Insoo Hyun
Crispr Humans: Ethics At The Edge Of Science, Insoo Hyun
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
No abstract provided.
The Wooden Doctrine: Basketball, Moral Character, And The Successful Life, Janelle Dewitt
The Wooden Doctrine: Basketball, Moral Character, And The Successful Life, Janelle Dewitt
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
No abstract provided.
Utilitarianism Generalized To Include Animals, Yew-Kwang Ng
Utilitarianism Generalized To Include Animals, Yew-Kwang Ng
Animal Sentience
In response to the seventeen commentaries to date on my target article on reducing animal suffering, I propose that the term “welfarism” (when used pejoratively by animal advocates) should be qualified as “anthropocentric welfarism” so as to leave “welfarism” simpliciter to be used in its generic sense of efforts to improve conditions for those who need it. Welfarism in this benign sense — even in its specific utilitarian form (maximizing the sum total of net welfare) with long-term future effects and effects on others (including animals) appropriately taken into account — should be unobjectionable (even if not considered sufficient by …
Assessing Decision-Making Capacity After Severe Brain Injury, Andrew Peterson
Assessing Decision-Making Capacity After Severe Brain Injury, Andrew Peterson
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Severe brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability. Following severe brain injury diagnosis is difficult and errors frequently occur. Recent findings in clinical neuroscience may offer a solution. Neuroimaging has been used to detect preserved cognitive function and awareness in some patients clinically diagnosed as being in a vegetative state. Remarkably, neuroimaging has also been used to communicate with some vegetative patients through a series of yes/no questions. Some have speculated that, one day, this method may allow severely brain-injured patients to make medical decisions. Yet, skepticism is rife, due in part to the inherent difficulty of …
Ethics And Euthanasia, Bernard E. Rollin
The Normative Significance Of Deep Disagreement, Tim Dare
The Normative Significance Of Deep Disagreement, Tim Dare
OSSA Conference Archive
Some normative problems are difficult because of the number and complexity of the issues they involve. Rational resolution might be hard but it seems at least possible. Other problems are not merely complex and multi-faceted but ‘deep’. They have a logical structure that precludes rational resolution. Treatments of deep disagreement often hint at sinister implications. If doubt is cast on our 'final vocabulary', writes Richard Rorty, we are left with "no noncircular argumentative recourse .... [B]eyond them there is only helpless passivity or a resort to force.” I will argue that some normative problems are deep, but that we need …
Is Proxy Consent For An Invasive Procedure On A Patient With Intellectual Disabilities Ethically Sufficient?, Sonya Charles, Stephen Corey, Peter Bulova
Is Proxy Consent For An Invasive Procedure On A Patient With Intellectual Disabilities Ethically Sufficient?, Sonya Charles, Stephen Corey, Peter Bulova
Philosophy and Religious Studies Department Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Germans And Their Nazi Past: To What Extent Have They Accepted Responsibility?, Martin Hille
The Germans And Their Nazi Past: To What Extent Have They Accepted Responsibility?, Martin Hille
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
No abstract provided.
Considering Decision-Making And Sexuality In Menstrual Suppression Of Teens And Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities., Kruti Acharya, John D. Lantos
Considering Decision-Making And Sexuality In Menstrual Suppression Of Teens And Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities., Kruti Acharya, John D. Lantos
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
No abstract provided.
Dignity, Pet-Euthanasia And Person Euthanasia, Thomas A. Cavanaugh
Dignity, Pet-Euthanasia And Person Euthanasia, Thomas A. Cavanaugh
Philosophy
Challenging the standard argument for euthanasia, G. E. M. Anscombe holds that euthanasia does not comport with human dignity interpreted in terms of self-determination. For, were self-determination to ground any killing it would justify self-killing, not being killed by another. I articulate reasons for thinking that she correctly identifies the dissonance of self-determination with euthanasia. Additionally, I argue that the same holds, less obviously, for physician-assisted suicide (PAS, which she does not explicitly consider).
Moreover, Anscombe suggests that what actually occurs in euthanasia in effect equates a person to a humanely euthanized dog and, thereby, trivializes and degrades human lives …
Autonomy And Distributive Justice At The End Of Life, Corinna Fukushima
Autonomy And Distributive Justice At The End Of Life, Corinna Fukushima
Scripps Senior Theses
Discussions of autonomy at the end of life in health care contexts is no new phenomenon. However, what seems to have changed in issues of autonomy is cases where patients want to refuse a treatment to cases where patients are demanding more treatment when medical professionals may not agree or be able to provide them with the medical treatment. Some key competing interests impacting patient autonomy include beneficence-doing what is in the best interests of the health or well-being of the patient- and resource limitations. Here, I will explore distributive justice theories that impact the end of life and how …
Acceptance Of Uncertainty: Uncertainty As A Heuristic Tool Applied To The Issue Of Medical Errors, Angelika Potempa
Acceptance Of Uncertainty: Uncertainty As A Heuristic Tool Applied To The Issue Of Medical Errors, Angelika Potempa
Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations
This is an exploration of uncertain certainties and certain uncertainties with reference to, mainly, systemic approaches to medical errors.
Animal Mourning: Précis Of How Animals Grieve (King 2013), Barbara J. King
Animal Mourning: Précis Of How Animals Grieve (King 2013), Barbara J. King
Animal Sentience
Abstract: When an animal dies, that individual’s mate, relatives, or friends may express grief. Changes in the survivor’s patterns of social behavior, eating, sleeping, and/or of expression of affect are the key criteria for defining grief. Based on this understanding of grief, it is not only big-brained mammals like elephants, apes, and cetaceans who can be said to mourn, but also a wide variety of other animals, including domestic companions like cats, dogs, and rabbits; horses and farm animals; and some birds. With keen attention placed on seeking where grief is found to occur and where it is absent …
Abortion And Animal Rights: Does Either Topic Lead To The Other?, Nathan M. Nobis
Abortion And Animal Rights: Does Either Topic Lead To The Other?, Nathan M. Nobis
Nathan M. Nobis, PhD