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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Political History
Life In The Multiverse: Bringing Chaos Out Of Order?, John C. Lyden
Life In The Multiverse: Bringing Chaos Out Of Order?, John C. Lyden
Journal of Religion & Film
This paper was given as the opening keynote address at the International Conference on Religion and Film at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on June 8, 2022, and is here presented in that form.
My thanks go to those who organized the conference for Vrije Universiteit, notably Professor Johan Roeland and Miranda van Holland.
Strengthen Arctic Governance To Stop Russian And Chinese Overreach, Mark T. Vicik
Strengthen Arctic Governance To Stop Russian And Chinese Overreach, Mark T. Vicik
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article argues shortfalls in the international institutions governing the Arctic have allowed Russia and China to expand control over the region. It provides an overview of regional governance and power dynamics, outlines a three-part approach to correcting deficiencies, highlights attempts by Russia and China to circumvent international governance, examines how the Arctic’s governing institutions address Russian and Chinese growth in the region, and focuses on the institutional failures that have allowed Russia and China to expand—failures academic scholarship and US policy have not adequately addressed. Practitioners will find specific steps for rectifying issues with Arctic institutions to support the …
On “The Grand Strategic Thought Of Colin S. Gray” And Author's Response, Phillip Dolitsky, Lukas Milevski
On “The Grand Strategic Thought Of Colin S. Gray” And Author's Response, Phillip Dolitsky, Lukas Milevski
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This commentary responds to Lukas Milevski’s article, “The Grand Strategic Thought of Colin S. Gray,” published in the Winter 2021–22 issue of Parameters (vol. 51, no. 4).
Contributor's Guidelines, Usawc Press
Contributor's Guidelines, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Srad Director's Corner: Russia’S Strategy And Its War On Ukraine, George Shatzer
Srad Director's Corner: Russia’S Strategy And Its War On Ukraine, George Shatzer
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
In this contribution, Colonel George Shatzer, director of the Strategy Research and Analysis Department of the Strategic Studies Institute at the US Army War College, discusses books of relevance to US Joint planners and strategists, as well as those of allies and strategic partners. He applies his experience and education as a US Army senior strategist to extract insights useful to anyone contemplating how to confront the challenges of today’s strategic environment.
Defining And Deterring Faits Accomplis, Brandon Colas
Defining And Deterring Faits Accomplis, Brandon Colas
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article describes faits accomplis—how states attempt to seize disputed territory using military force, hoping to avoid war in the process—and offers suggestions for how to deter them. Since 1945, faits accomplis have become the most common means by which states attempt to take over territory, even though they frequently result in armed conflict. US deterrent efforts, however, often focus on stopping invasions, not limited land grabs. This study combines the traditional literature on deterrence with Dan Altman’s recent research on faits accomplis to suggest Department of Defense leaders should frame territorial disputes as a real estate market they can …
Putin’S Invasion Of Ukraine In 2022: Implications For Strategic Studies, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
Putin’S Invasion Of Ukraine In 2022: Implications For Strategic Studies, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This special commentary examines critical issues for the field of strategic studies raised by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, including the waning of major war, strategic coercion, and “War Amongst the People.” Drawing on previous scholarship and current events, this commentary considers the questions raised by the first major war of the twenty-first century. It provides recommendations for scholars and senior leaders on how to work together to address the questions of strategy and policy that have and continue to arise as the war progresses.
Economic Statecraft And Us-Russian Policy, Ryan J. Orsini
Economic Statecraft And Us-Russian Policy, Ryan J. Orsini
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article assesses the American-Russian economic relationship, identifying how Russia exploits strategic asymmetries to gain advantage in the space below armed conflict and how the United States can modernize its economic statecraft. It draws upon a wide range of comparative research, from US-Russian military thought to the American-Eurasian economic interrelationship, to evaluate the full range of economic statecraft within a single dyad of countries in the context of coercion theory. This analysis will assist American policymakers in reforming priorities and processes according to principles of economic statecraft to sustain ongoing American coercion and set conditions for advantage upon the return …
Character Traits Strategic Leaders Need, Tami Davis Biddle
Character Traits Strategic Leaders Need, Tami Davis Biddle
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Strategic leaders must possess a range of skills to work successfully in complex environments. To use those skills to best effect, they rely on character traits that enhance the likelihood of their effectiveness as leaders and maximize their success when working in teams. Certain elements of character facilitate work in demanding settings that rely heavily on communication, integration, and cooperation. Programs designed to educate senior leaders must help future national security professionals identify these traits and then practice and hone them. Highlighting individuals with challenging roles in World War II, this essay analyzes the qualities of character that enabled them …
Book Reviews, Usawc Press
Book Reviews, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Tomorrow’S Wars And The Media, Alexander G. Lovelace
Tomorrow’S Wars And The Media, Alexander G. Lovelace
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Distilling lessons from the author’s book, The Media Offensive: How the Press and Public Opinion Shaped Allied Strategy during World War II, this article provides applicable suggestions for the US military today. As in World War II, the press is both a weapon and a possible vulnerability in modern warfare. Consequently, this article offers practical suggestions for how the press can be used by public affairs officers, commanders, and policymakers to achieve victory in coming conflicts.
Infoswarms: Drone Swarms And Information Warfare, Zachary Kallenborn
Infoswarms: Drone Swarms And Information Warfare, Zachary Kallenborn
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Drone swarms, which can be used at sea, on land, in the air, and even in space, are fundamentally information-dependent weapons. No study to date has examined drone swarms in the context of information warfare writ large. This article explores the dependence of these swarms on information and the resultant connections with areas of information warfare—electronic, cyber, space, and psychological—drawing on open-source research and qualitative reasoning. Overall, the article offers insights into how this important emerging technology fits into the broader defense ecosystem and outlines practical approaches to strengthening related information warfare capabilities.
Information Warfare: Lessons In Inoculation To Disinformation, Meghan Fitzpatrick, Ritu Gill, Jennifer F. Giles
Information Warfare: Lessons In Inoculation To Disinformation, Meghan Fitzpatrick, Ritu Gill, Jennifer F. Giles
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
While propaganda and disinformation have been used to destabilize opposing forces throughout history, the US military remains unprepared for the way these methods have been adapted to the Internet era. This article explores the modern history of disinformation campaigns and the current state of US military readiness in the face of campaigns from near-peer competitors and proposes education as the best way to prepare US servicemembers to defend against such campaigns.
Rethinking Female Urinary Devices For The Us Army, Andrea M. Peters, Michael A. Washington, Lolita Burrell, James Ness
Rethinking Female Urinary Devices For The Us Army, Andrea M. Peters, Michael A. Washington, Lolita Burrell, James Ness
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
As women assume more combat roles in the US military and continue to operate in austere environments with varied mission sets, the Department of Defense must rethink its approach to equipment and uniform development to accommodate female anatomical differences. This article analyzes the results of a study conducted during the Sandhurst Military Skills Competition at the United States Military Academy to determine the effectiveness of commercial off-the-shelf products the Army has adopted to aid female urination—products used by competition participants that may not be the best or healthiest options for women.
A Failure To Innovate: The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, Zhirayr Amirkhanyan
A Failure To Innovate: The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, Zhirayr Amirkhanyan
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
The root cause for the defeat of the Armenian forces in the second Nagorno-Karabakh War was flawed military doctrine inherited from the Soviet Union. This article analyzes the major problems faced by Armenia, uncovers the main reasons for unsuccessful innovation, tests empirical findings against some of the most authoritative theories of the field, and outlines current research on the largest state-onstate warfighting of recent years, while substantiating the analysis with established scholarship in the field of military innovation.
Chinese And Western Ways Of War And Their Ethics, C. Anthony Pfaff
Chinese And Western Ways Of War And Their Ethics, C. Anthony Pfaff
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
US officials often portray the Chinese government as having few, if any, ethical boundaries in its pursuit of power. This article argues China, like Western countries, has a rich tradition of constraining this pursuit that can impact the nation’s policies. With a focus on the relationship between ways of war and ethics of war, it relies on traditional and contemporary scholarship from both the East and the West to highlight differences in how each military views the practical and ethical aspects of war and how these views can interact. Understanding the ethical logic available to one’s adversaries will allow US …
In The Spotlight: Dealing With The Russians, Andrew Monaghan
In The Spotlight: Dealing With The Russians, Andrew Monaghan
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Book Reviews, Usawc Press
Book Reviews, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
On "Broken Nest: Deterring China From Invading Taiwan" And Authors' Response, Eric Chan
On "Broken Nest: Deterring China From Invading Taiwan" And Authors' Response, Eric Chan
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
Interrupting Bias In Army Talent Management, Danielle Holt, Susan Davis
Interrupting Bias In Army Talent Management, Danielle Holt, Susan Davis
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
To meet future threats, US Army talent management modernization must include the development of a more innovative and inclusive culture. Unconscious bias within assignment and evaluation processes is a potential threat and an opportunity for enhanced meritocracy. Assessments should move toward the identification of desired knowledge, skills, and behaviors and the evaluation of potential using relational analytics, and talent management must foster the selection of leaders who demonstrate competencies of confident humility and mental agility to generate organizational psychological safety. Only by leveraging the complete scope of diversity through an inclusive culture will the Army prevail in the cognitive dimension.
China’S Global Monopoly On Rare-Earth Elements, Gustavo Ferreira, Jamie Critelli
China’S Global Monopoly On Rare-Earth Elements, Gustavo Ferreira, Jamie Critelli
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article delivers a novel economic analysis of US dependence on China for rare-earth elements and sheds light on how Western nations may exploit the limitations of limit pricing to break China’s global monopoly in rare-earth element production and refinement. This analytical framework, supported by a comprehensive literature review, the application of microeconomic and industrial organization concepts, and two case-study scenarios, provides several policy recommendations to address the most important foreign policy challenge the United States has faced since the end of the Cold War.
Developing Strategic Lieutenants In The Canadian Army, James R. Mckay, H. Christian Breede, Ali Dizboni, Pierre Jolicoeur
Developing Strategic Lieutenants In The Canadian Army, James R. Mckay, H. Christian Breede, Ali Dizboni, Pierre Jolicoeur
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This Canadian contribution to Parameters’ Strategic Lieutenant series shows how domestic context creates the conditions for professional military education reform to a greater extent than the global strategic context. The article assesses the junior officer education delivered by Canada’s military colleges and analyzes interviews with key stakeholders responsible for the formulation and implementation of reform at the military colleges.
On "The Battalion Commander Effect" And Authors' Response, Ralph Masi
On "The Battalion Commander Effect" And Authors' Response, Ralph Masi
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This commentary responds to Everett Spain, Gautam Mukunda, and Archie Bates’s article, “The Battalion Commander Effect,” published in the Autumn 2021 issue of Parameters (vol. 51, no. 3).
On “The Alt-Right Movement And Us National Security” And Authors' Response, Charles J. Dunlap
On “The Alt-Right Movement And Us National Security” And Authors' Response, Charles J. Dunlap
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This commentary responds to Matthew Valasik and Shannon E. Reid’s article “The Alt-Right Movement and US National Security” published in the Autumn 2021 issue of Parameters (vol. 51, no. 3).
Srad Director's Corner: The People’S Republic Of China’S Challenge To Us Security, George Shatzer
Srad Director's Corner: The People’S Republic Of China’S Challenge To Us Security, George Shatzer
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This “SRAD Director’s Corner” is the inaugural contribution by Colonel George Shatzer, director of the Strategy Research and Analysis Division of the Strategic Studies Institute at the US Army War College. In each contribution, Shatzer will discuss books of relevance to US Joint planners and strategists, as well as those of our allies and strategic partners. He will apply his experience and education as a US Army senior strategist to extract insights useful to anyone contemplating how to confront the challenges of today’s strategic environment.
Water Wars Of The Future: Myth Or Reality?, Gerald J. Krieger
Water Wars Of The Future: Myth Or Reality?, Gerald J. Krieger
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article provides background and context for regional trends and historic agreements focused on the Nile River Basin, offers a comprehensive assessment of security challenges, and presents focus areas for future investment and cooperation. The policy recommendations will serve American interests better and improve agricultural practices in the region. Without a marked alteration of existing aid from Western countries, the water scarcity situation will continue without significantly producing the required infrastructure improvements.
Broken Nest: Deterring China From Invading Taiwan, Jared M. Mckinney, Peter Harris
Broken Nest: Deterring China From Invading Taiwan, Jared M. Mckinney, Peter Harris
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Deterring a Chinese invasion of Taiwan without recklessly threatening a great-power war is both possible and necessary through a tailored deterrence package that goes beyond either fighting over Taiwan or abandoning it. This article joins cutting-edge understandings of deterrence with empirical evidence of Chinese strategic thinking and culture to build such a strategy.
Crisis Management Lessons From The Clinton Administration's Implementation Of Presidential Decision Directive 56, Leonard R. Hawley
Crisis Management Lessons From The Clinton Administration's Implementation Of Presidential Decision Directive 56, Leonard R. Hawley
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Drawing on personal experience, the author asks what the current administration can learn from the Clinton administration’s implementation of Presidential Decision Directive 56, examines the real-world application of the directive during the Clinton administration and the pitfalls of its agency-centric successor during the Bush administration, and identifies recurring problems and best practices for successfully responding to current global crises.
Shikata Ga Nai: Statelessness And Sacrifice For Japanese-American Volunteers During The Second World War, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Shikata Ga Nai: Statelessness And Sacrifice For Japanese-American Volunteers During The Second World War, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Through a Philosophical analysis of the nature of Internment Camps as well as oral histories of veterans who volunteered to serve in the US military from the camps, this paper will argue that the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII was an event that the Supreme Court and surrounding legal discourse placed outside of legal jurisdiction. Those within the camps were thus condemned to a life lacking political qualification and juridical personhood. Faced with the dangers of this condition, interned Japanese Americans who served in the U.S. Army consciously laid claim to the American political community through the sacrifice of …
Capitalism And Biblical Ethics, Sarah D. Stewart
Capitalism And Biblical Ethics, Sarah D. Stewart
Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy
There has been a growing trend in some expressions of Christianity to view Capitalism as fundamentally incompatible with the Christian faith. This article looked to a variety of sources to argue that Christianity and Capitalism are not fundamentally incompatible. Rather, Capitalism developed alongside developments in Christian theology during the Middle Ages. This traditional form of Capitalism is defined and argued for in this article. The article attempts to demonstrate that the elements that allow Capitalism to thrive are compatible with Christian ethics. The case is made by first examining the historical development of Capitalism and its relationship to Christianity. From …