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The Choctaw, John Bowes
The Choctaw, John Bowes
John P. Bowes
1699, an expedition of Frenchmen encountered American Indians in the lower Mississippi Valley who referred to themselves as Choctaw. As the settlers expanded throughout America, the Choctaw developed a relationship with and adapted to the demands of these newfound neighbors. The Choctaw examines the history of these Native Americans, beginning with the Choctaw Confederacy, and provides insights into how the Choctaw survived as individuals and sovereign tribes in the aftermath of the removal policy of the 19th century. Today, three federally recognized tribes of Choctaw have a combined membership of nearly 200,000. This new title discusses the struggles and successes …
Uncommon Defense: Indian Allies In The Black Hawk War, John Bowes
Uncommon Defense: Indian Allies In The Black Hawk War, John Bowes
John P. Bowes
The Black Hawk War has received an inordinate amount of attention over the years, most recently in Black Hawk: The battle for the Heart of America, by Kerry A. Trask (2006) and The Black Hawk War of 1832, by Patrick J. Jung (2007). Yet not until Uncommon Defense by John W. Hall has anyone closely examined the decisions made by the Menominees, Dakotas, Ho Chunks, and Potawatomis who allied with the forces of the United States in that conflict. In what is an accessible an enlightening study, Hall asserts that those Indian allies “were the true architects of an alliance …
Great Lakes Indian Accommodation And Resistance During The Early Reservation Years, 1850-1900, John Bowes
Great Lakes Indian Accommodation And Resistance During The Early Reservation Years, 1850-1900, John Bowes
John P. Bowes
In his latest book, Great Lakes Indian Accommodation and Resistance, Edmund Jefferson Danziger presents a sound and straightforward argument. Through a series of chapters that cover reservation life, allotment, education policy, and missionary activity, the message is clear: American Indian residents of the Great Lakes region in the second half of the nineteenth century were active agents in their lives, not passive victims of federal government policies or settler invasions. It is an argument that noticeably reflects the critical developments of scholarship over the past several decades. And while some might debate the usefulness of such phrasing as accommodation versus …
Trail Of Tears: Removal In The South, John Bowes
Trail Of Tears: Removal In The South, John Bowes
John P. Bowes
When the United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803, President Thomas Jefferson proposed that eastern Indian tribes could be moved west to this new expanse of land. Jefferson's recommendation was in direct response to the demand by white settlers for more land, especially in the southeastern portion of the United States. As a result, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which set in motion the relocation of thousands of eastern Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River. Among the primary tribes targeted for this large-scale removal was the Cherokee. Despite proving its sovereign status …