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Articles 31 - 48 of 48
Full-Text Articles in History
Forgotten Crime And Cultural Boom: New York And Brazil's Coffee Trading Relationship In The Early Twentieth Century, Collin Green
Forgotten Crime And Cultural Boom: New York And Brazil's Coffee Trading Relationship In The Early Twentieth Century, Collin Green
The Forum: Journal of History
In the United States of America, coffee and its ever-evolving culture has become a focal point of everyday life. However, we did not just stumble upon this phenomenon; the popularity of coffee was carefully calculated by leaders of the wealthiest coffee companies of the early 20th century in America’s biggest city, New York. In this paper, the history of the powerful coffee trading relationship between Brazil and New York is analyzed on two different levels. Firstly, I examine how New York's big coffee companies successfully participated in criminal activity on an international and national level. Secondly, my focus shifts to …
Not So Dystopian: A Historical Reading Of Eugenics In Science Fiction, Riley Sanders
Not So Dystopian: A Historical Reading Of Eugenics In Science Fiction, Riley Sanders
The Forum: Journal of History
Broadly, this paper is an effort in complicating traditional readings of eugenic themes in science fiction. Two landmark novels, Wells’ The Island of Dr. Moreau (1896) and Huxley’s Brave New World (1932), are highlighted as representative of the early and late stages of eugenics. By focusing on the troubling historical context surrounding these authors, I denounce the simple reading of these works as merely “dystopian”. Scholars like Francis Fukuyama advance these simplistic readings by instinctively assuming that Wells and Huxley were against eugenics. This paper continues the tradition that David Bradshaw popularized in his book The Hidden Huxley, which argues …
The Literary Controversies Of Michelangelo's Sistine Ceiling, Victoria Duehring
The Literary Controversies Of Michelangelo's Sistine Ceiling, Victoria Duehring
The Forum: Journal of History
This literary review will focus on Michelangelo’s most significant work of color: the Sistine ceiling. Michelangelo’s work has spawned a plethora of literature, but this paper will focus on three main controversial topics: assistants (or lack thereof), the ignudi’s purpose, and restoration. I will also apply a psycho-historical approach to these controversies and identify potential avenues for future research.
Stigma On Campus: The Precarious Situation Of Iranian Students At Cal Poly, November 1979, Chance Coates
Stigma On Campus: The Precarious Situation Of Iranian Students At Cal Poly, November 1979, Chance Coates
The Forum: Journal of History
Exploring the ways in which the seizure of the American embassy and subsequent hostage situation of American nationals within Tehran in 1979 transcended international boundaries, this paper discusses the backlash that Iranian students at Cal Poly faced during this pivotal geopolitical crisis. In doing so, I review various protests and public statements that gave rise to a distinct social discourse that stigmatized Iranian students, effectively transforming this group into an “Other.” Further, I explore the ways in which the university as an institution contributed to this stigmatization. The paper overall concludes that the Iranian students on campus were, like the …
A Lifeline For Millions: American Relief In An Age Of Isolationism, Matteo Marsella
A Lifeline For Millions: American Relief In An Age Of Isolationism, Matteo Marsella
The Forum: Journal of History
American military involvement in the Great War is a widely discussed aspect of the conflict. The period following the war is often considered an example of American isolationist foreign policy. Lesser well known are American efforts to provide food relief to starving populations in Europe, which began during and continued well after the war's conclusion. This paper seeks to locate American relief efforts within broader postwar foreign policy. Although President Harding’s 1920 election victory on a platform of a “return to normalcy” is often construed as a rejection of Wilsonian internationalism and a return to prewar isolationism, there is no …
Medieval Infertility: Treatments, Cures, And Consequences, Zia Simpson
Medieval Infertility: Treatments, Cures, And Consequences, Zia Simpson
The Forum: Journal of History
Since the first civilizations emerged, reproductive ability has been one of the most prominent elements in assessing a woman’s value to society. Other characteristics such as beauty, intelligence, and wealth may have been granted comparable consequence, but those are arbitrary and improvable. Fertility is genetic, and for centuries it was beyond human control. Among the medieval European nobility, fertility held even greater power. The absence of an heir could, either directly or indirectly, bring about war, economic depression, and social disorder. Catholicism provided a refuge by allowing barren women to retain their hopes, while simultaneously enriching Rome’s coffers. Other women …
The Purpose Of Shanties From The Time Of Sailors To The Musical Masters Of The Twentieth Century, Madison Grant
The Purpose Of Shanties From The Time Of Sailors To The Musical Masters Of The Twentieth Century, Madison Grant
The Forum: Journal of History
The folk songs of the high seas traveled across hundreds of ships, changed in sound and lyric, and ultimately became known today as maritime folk music. Although many historians choose to analyze maritime history through physical artifacts, one less-appreciated aspect of the sea is known as the sea shanty. With modern musicians paying homage to their older nautical counterparts, the revival of shanty tunes sprung forth an almost lost appreciation into the lives of both historians and musicians alike. Referenced in this essay is the James Madison Carpenter Collection, an array of recorded and inscribed sources of shanty tunes that …
Development Of Cal Poly’S School Of Architecture And Environmental Design, Robert Chomicz
Development Of Cal Poly’S School Of Architecture And Environmental Design, Robert Chomicz
The Forum: Journal of History
In the turbulent decade of the 1960s, Cal Poly consciously diverged from a Master Plan created by the state Department of Education in order to create one of the best architecture schools in the nation, which highlighted the university’s unique position as the only polytechnic in the CSU system. This article details Cal Polys commitment to the development of the program through the examination of the expansion of the Architectural Engineering department into a full-fledged College of Architecture in the years 1948 to 1972. Three landmark academic years are examined in order to highlight the growth of the Architecture program. …
Sedentary Flesh: Nineteenth-Century French Orientalists And Bodies Of The Female Other, Amelia Aitchison
Sedentary Flesh: Nineteenth-Century French Orientalists And Bodies Of The Female Other, Amelia Aitchison
The Forum: Journal of History
As visual texts of subjectivity and ideology, paintings are uniquely useful tools for historical analysis. Peaking in popularity in nineteenth-century Europe, the enduring erotic mystification of the Turkish seraglio manifested frequently in the form of paintings. At this time, French academicism and realism rose in status internationally and, bolstered by the esteem of the Paris Salon and the competitiveness generated by the advent of photography, so too did elaborately (and misleadingly) detailed depictions of the Orient. This paper concerns the inherent politics of French depictions of Turkish odalisques, focusing on the orientalist discourse generated by the quasi-realistic style of nineteenth-century …
Freedom’S Paradoxes: A Case Study Of The Slave Schooner Julita, Lucy Wickstrom
Freedom’S Paradoxes: A Case Study Of The Slave Schooner Julita, Lucy Wickstrom
The Forum: Journal of History
After Great Britain abolished the slave trade in 1807, the British Royal Navy committed one-fifth of its manpower to the cause of capturing other nations’ illegal slave ships. This effort to enforce abolition liberated 250,000 displaced Africans over the course of the nineteenth century and brought the crews that had carried them before officials to have their cases tried. Because of the careful documentation of these cases by the Mixed Commissions, there is a wealth of primary sources detailing the circumstances of these captures and the human beings claimed as cargo. This paper utilizes a case study of one such …
What Didn’T Happen: Analyzing Cal Poly’S Proposed Educational Assistance Program Following The Korean War, Sam Mcclintock
What Didn’T Happen: Analyzing Cal Poly’S Proposed Educational Assistance Program Following The Korean War, Sam Mcclintock
The Forum: Journal of History
Following the Korean War, Cal Poly was approached to take part in a program to provide technical education assistance to vocational schools in the Republic of Korea by the newly formed United States Foreign Operations Administration. This paper seeks to analyze that program in the context of Cal Poly’s history, especially in comparison to other international education programs and other dealings between the University and the United States Government. Although Cal Poly ultimately never took part in the Korea Program, the negotiation process still provides insight into the priorities of the college and its place in the context of US …
Darkness In The Parlor: Prostitution And Narratives Of Urban Exploration In London’S West End, Aiden Evans
Darkness In The Parlor: Prostitution And Narratives Of Urban Exploration In London’S West End, Aiden Evans
The Forum: Journal of History
Prostitution in London’s West End came to constitute a multidimensional transgression for middle-class observers during the late-Victorian period, contesting traditional distinctions between West and East, middle-class and working-class, and public and private life. First, through the use of Late Victorian urban exploration narratives, I will show that urban explorers applied a rigid conceptual framework to identify the working-class prostitutes occupying London’s affluent West-End. Rooted in class-based hierarchies, these systems of identification presumed that working-class prostitutes were categorically distinct, visible, and undisguisable in London’s West End. Moreover, I argue that this conceptual framework reveals the authors’ binary understandings of prostitutes’ public …
Consider The Source: The Media’S Coverage Of Female Fbi Agents In The 1970s, Kali Devarennes
Consider The Source: The Media’S Coverage Of Female Fbi Agents In The 1970s, Kali Devarennes
The Forum: Journal of History
This paper explores the representation of female FBI agents in newspapers throughout the 1970s until the early 1990s. While this subject is not widely discussed, due to lack of exposure and research, this paper reveals how crucial these women were during this period as they redefined how society and male FBI agents viewed women in previously male-dominated fields. In 1970, the media responded to these women with a variety of assumptions and stereotypes defining women as sex objects, physically weak, and mentally unable to handle the dangerous work environment. Through examination of scholarly and primary sources, this paper uncovers the …
Urban Palimpsests: Studying Enlightenment Influences In The Post-Earthquake Rebuilding Of Lima And Lisbon, 1746–1765, Emily Chung
Urban Palimpsests: Studying Enlightenment Influences In The Post-Earthquake Rebuilding Of Lima And Lisbon, 1746–1765, Emily Chung
The Forum: Journal of History
Urban renewal has long existed as a vessel for the assertion of authority, embodying hierarchy, policy, and culture in the most tangible way with architecture and civic landscaping shaped to accommodate the upper strata of society. Particularly interesting to study through this lens is the latter half of the eighteenth century which marks the turning point between royal absolutism and the emergence of competing forms of power in the European Empire, through the growth of the Enlightenment movement. This paper offers a comparison of two imperial cities, Lima and Lisbon, which due to similarly tragic earthquakes, were provided the opportunity …
Critics Scoffed But Women Bought: Coco Chanel's Comeback Fashions Reflect The Desires Of The 1950s American Woman, Christina George
Critics Scoffed But Women Bought: Coco Chanel's Comeback Fashions Reflect The Desires Of The 1950s American Woman, Christina George
The Forum: Journal of History
No abstract provided.
The Fear Of Colonial Miscegenation In The British Colonies Of Southeast Asia, Katrina Chludzinski
The Fear Of Colonial Miscegenation In The British Colonies Of Southeast Asia, Katrina Chludzinski
The Forum: Journal of History
No abstract provided.