Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

History Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 91 - 120 of 143

Full-Text Articles in History

From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith Nov 2012

From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


“Living On The Color Line: 2800 Cass In A Period And Place Of Transition”, Lucas Delort Nov 2012

“Living On The Color Line: 2800 Cass In A Period And Place Of Transition”, Lucas Delort

The Confluence (2009-2020)

This co-winner of the Tatom Award explores the reasons why Delmar Avenue rather than Cass Avenue became the “Mason-Dixon Line” of St. Louis in the twentieth century.


“The American Bottom: The Bar, Between The Levees And The River”, Quinta Scott Nov 2012

“The American Bottom: The Bar, Between The Levees And The River”, Quinta Scott

The Confluence (2009-2020)

This third installment of Quinta Scott’s work examining the Mississippi River environment looks at those narrow, man-made spaces between levees and the river, and the life within.


Fall/Winter 2012, Full Issue Nov 2012

Fall/Winter 2012, Full Issue

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


“To Love And To Cherish: Marital Violence And Divorce In Nineteenth-Century America”, Julian Barr Nov 2012

“To Love And To Cherish: Marital Violence And Divorce In Nineteenth-Century America”, Julian Barr

The Confluence (2009-2020)

In this co-winner of the Tatom Award, Julian Barr uses an 1865 divorce case to explore the ways women gained protection against domestic violence through the court system.


“Modern Day Canary In The Coal Mine”, John A. Crawford Nov 2012

“Modern Day Canary In The Coal Mine”, John A. Crawford

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Salamanders serve an array of functions in the Missouri environment, as this primer on amphibians by John Crawford suggests.


“American Bottom: The Floodplain Between The Bluffs And The Levee”, Quinta Scott May 2012

“American Bottom: The Floodplain Between The Bluffs And The Levee”, Quinta Scott

The Confluence (2009-2020)

The bottomland bluffs between the bluffs and levees along the Mississippi have been farmland for centuries. In this second of three photo essays, Quinta Scott documents the manmade environments on the floodplains.


“Luther Ely Smith: Father Of The Gateway Arch”, Mark Tranel May 2012

“Luther Ely Smith: Father Of The Gateway Arch”, Mark Tranel

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Eero Saarinen’s Arch may be among the most recognized works of public art, but the vision that led to the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial was that of Luther Ely Smith. Mark Tranel looks at Smith’s tireless work to have the warehouse district razed and a national memorial built on the St. Louis riverfront.


“The Gilded Age Hair Trade In St. Louis”, David Straight May 2012

“The Gilded Age Hair Trade In St. Louis”, David Straight

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Much can be learned about industries from the envelopes and letterheads of companies. Take the sale of human hair in the Gilded Age, for example.


From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith May 2012

From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


“Anatomy, Grave-Robbing, And Spiritualism In Antebellum St. Louis”, Luke Ritter May 2012

“Anatomy, Grave-Robbing, And Spiritualism In Antebellum St. Louis”, Luke Ritter

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Dr. Joseph Nash Smith’s Missouri Medical College was a leading school for physicians and part of the professionalization of medicine before the Civil War. He also required human dissection that, along with being a St. Louis character, made him one of the period’s most controversial figures as well.


“Missouri Through Soviet Eyes”, Ilya Ilf, Yevgeny Petrov May 2012

“Missouri Through Soviet Eyes”, Ilya Ilf, Yevgeny Petrov

The Confluence (2009-2020)

In 1935, Russian satirists Ilya Ilf and Yevgeny Petrov bought a Ford and drove across the United States and back; their observations shaped the ideas of Russians about the United States for some three decades. One of the places they visited was Hannibal, Missouri. Here is their account, including their own photos.


Spring/Summer 2012, Full Issue May 2012

Spring/Summer 2012, Full Issue

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


Fall/Winter 2011, Full Issue Nov 2011

Fall/Winter 2011, Full Issue

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith Nov 2011

From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


“Above The American Bottom: The Bluffs And The Sinkhole Plain”, Quinta Scott Nov 2011

“Above The American Bottom: The Bluffs And The Sinkhole Plain”, Quinta Scott

The Confluence (2009-2020)

In this photo essay, Quinta Scott examines the natural history of the Mississippi River wetland and the varied landscapes that comprise the American Bottom.


“Gambling On The Economic Future Of East St. Louis: The Casino Queen”, Anne F. Boxberger Flaherty Nov 2011

“Gambling On The Economic Future Of East St. Louis: The Casino Queen”, Anne F. Boxberger Flaherty

The Confluence (2009-2020)

When the Casino Queen opened on the riverfront at East St. Louis, it was touted as a major contributor to the city's economy. Has it been so?


“Contraband Camps In St. Louis: A Contested Path To Freedom”, Jane M. Davis Nov 2011

“Contraband Camps In St. Louis: A Contested Path To Freedom”, Jane M. Davis

The Confluence (2009-2020)

During the Civil War, Union officers were sometimes inundated with former slaves, which the Union considered “contraband,” and refused to return them to their owners. Jane Davis examines these contraband camps in St. Louis.


“‘A New Order Of Things’: St. Louis, Chicago, And The Struggle For Western Commercial Supremacy”, Drew Vandecreek Nov 2011

“‘A New Order Of Things’: St. Louis, Chicago, And The Struggle For Western Commercial Supremacy”, Drew Vandecreek

The Confluence (2009-2020)

St. Louis leadership during the Gilded Age was nothing if not confident, even suggesting that the nation's capitol be moved to the St. Louis region. Drew VandeCreek offers some of the writings of these boosters.


“St. Louis Builds A Post Office”, David Straight Nov 2011

“St. Louis Builds A Post Office”, David Straight

The Confluence (2009-2020)

As the city of St. Louis burgeoned in the middle of the nineteenth century, services struggled to keep up. David Straight examines the challenges presented to mail delivery in 1851.


Songs From The Civil War, Paul Huffman May 2011

Songs From The Civil War, Paul Huffman

The Confluence (2009-2020)

The Civil War created a groundswell of patriotic fervor on both sides. Here, Paul Huffman looks at a book of music from 1865 in the archives at Lindenwood University and what it says about Northern views of the war and its aftermath.


The Lost Cause Ideology And Civil War Memory At The Semicentennial: A Look, Patrick Burkhardt May 2011

The Lost Cause Ideology And Civil War Memory At The Semicentennial: A Look, Patrick Burkhardt

The Confluence (2009-2020)

A half-century after the end of the Civil War, sectional tensions still existed in St. Louis. Patrick Burkhardt suggests that the Lost Cause ideology was alive and well in St. Louis, as revealed by the argument over erecting a new Confederate monument in Forest Park.


Conflict And Division Within The Presbyterian Church, Katie Bava May 2011

Conflict And Division Within The Presbyterian Church, Katie Bava

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Like many Protestant denominations, the Presbyterian Church split over the "peculiar institution." In St. Charles, Missouri, this division became particularly acute when it came to control of property. Katherine Bava examines a case file from the St. Charles Circuit Court that involves this division, the Loyalty Oath, and the Board of Trustees of Lindenwood Female College.


Experience Of The Civil War By The School Sisters Of Notre Dame In Washington, Missouri, Carol Marie Wildt May 2011

Experience Of The Civil War By The School Sisters Of Notre Dame In Washington, Missouri, Carol Marie Wildt

The Confluence (2009-2020)

This diary recounts an eyewitness account of "Price's Raid" in 1864 and the experience of religious leaders who stayed behind when Unionists fled Washington, Missouri.


The Iowa Boys Winter In St. Louis, 1861-1862, David Straight May 2011

The Iowa Boys Winter In St. Louis, 1861-1862, David Straight

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Letters from men at Benton Barracks in St. Louis offer unique insights into the minds of men involved in the Civil War. David Straight looks at these letters and their stationary.


“Making War On Women” And Women Making War: Confederate Women Imprisoned In St. Louis During The Civil War, Thomas Curran May 2011

“Making War On Women” And Women Making War: Confederate Women Imprisoned In St. Louis During The Civil War, Thomas Curran

The Confluence (2009-2020)

Soldiers in blue and gray weren’t the only ones fighting in the Civil War. Thomas Curran details the efforts of pro-Confederate women who worked as spies, and the efforts by the Union military to counter their activities.


From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith May 2011

From The Editor, Jeffrey Smith

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


"Shall We Be One Strong United People...", Miranda Rectenwald, Sonya Rooney May 2011

"Shall We Be One Strong United People...", Miranda Rectenwald, Sonya Rooney

The Confluence (2009-2020)

This selection of diary entries, letters, and sermons by Unitarian minister William Greenleaf offers insights into the thinking of pro-Union leaders in St. Louis who were also antislavery.


Spring/Summer 2011, Full Issue May 2011

Spring/Summer 2011, Full Issue

The Confluence (2009-2020)

No abstract provided.


“It Don’T Look Natural”: St. Louis Smoke Abatement In 1906, David L. Straight Nov 2010

“It Don’T Look Natural”: St. Louis Smoke Abatement In 1906, David L. Straight

The Confluence (2009-2020)

In this regular feature about postal history, Straight examines efforts at reducing smog—smoke abatement, at the time—using a 1906 card and coal company letterhead as a springboard.