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- Ancient medicine -- Greece -- History (2)
- Greek and Roman medicine -- Philosophy (2)
- 2nd Punic War (218-201 B.C) (1)
- Aesthetics -- 18th century (1)
- Agriculture -- Early works to 1800 (1)
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- Alexander the Great (356 B.C.-323 B.C.) -- Political and social views (1)
- Anabaptists -- Germany -- Münster in Westfalen -- History -- 16th century (1)
- Anne Boleyn (Queen - consort of Henry VIII - King of England) 1507-1536 -- Influence (1)
- Arabs -- Spain -- History (1)
- Aristotle -- Influence (1)
- Aristotle. Politics -- Analysis (1)
- Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1652 or 1653) -- Criticism and interpretation (1)
- Artists -- Italy -- Biography (1)
- Atheism -- Germany (East) -- History (1)
- Austria -- History (1)
- Bible -- Translating -- History -- 16th century (1)
- Bible. English -- Versions -- Tyndale (1)
- Body fluids -- Symbolic aspects (1)
- Bohemia (Czech Republic) -- Politics and government (1)
- British art -- History (1)
- Communism -- Germany (East) -- Influence on religious belief (1)
- Computers -- Effect of cryptography on (1)
- Crimes against humanity -- Germany (1)
- Crusades -- First (1096-1099) (1)
- Culture diffusion -- Spain -- History -- To 1500 (1)
- Czechoslovakia -- History -- Velvet Revolution (1989) (1)
- Czechoslovakia -- Politics and government -- 1968-1989 (1)
- Deception -- Great Britain -- History -- 20th century (1)
- Dissenters -- Czechoslovakia -- History (1)
- Edmund Burke (1729-1797). Philosophical enquiry into the origin of our ideas of the sublime and beautiful -- Influence (1)
Articles 31 - 60 of 67
Full-Text Articles in History
Marie De France's Courtly Love: The Liberation Of Women Through Romance, Tiffany K. Ong
Marie De France's Courtly Love: The Liberation Of Women Through Romance, Tiffany K. Ong
Young Historians Conference
In the era of ladies and lords, French troubadours sang the tales of the late twelfth-century medieval court. One such poet, Marie de France, documented her stories in her work, Lais, a collection of adulterous romantic feats and failures of chivalrous knights. Within her writing, she incorporated aspects of the knight’s code of honor into the personalities of her characters. While the knightly code of honor is often perceived as an example of the restrictions placed on medieval women, Marie de France’s writing gives an example of women reconstructing their position in medieval life. This paper explores the tales of …
Galen: The Philosophical Physician, Chloe Sellers
Galen: The Philosophical Physician, Chloe Sellers
Young Historians Conference
Analyzing the works of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, this paper reveals the specific influences each of the three had upon Galen’s medical practice, asserting that the influence of philosophy was ultimately responsible for distinguishing Galen from his contemporaries. Drawing from various primary sources, including Plato’s “The Apology,” Timaeus and The Republic, as well as Aristotle’s Physics, and comparing them to Galen’s works, “The Art of Medicine” and “A Method of Medicine to Glaucon,” numerous similarities are revealed between the works of Galen and those of the philosophical trio. By evaluating these many connections among the works, as well as using …
Truth, Fiction, And Image: Napoleon Bonaparte And The Changing Tides Of Political Imagination, Isabel K. Williams
Truth, Fiction, And Image: Napoleon Bonaparte And The Changing Tides Of Political Imagination, Isabel K. Williams
Young Historians Conference
Despite nearly two centuries having passed since his death, Napoleon Bonaparte still looms large in western political imagery. Napoleon utilized state sponsored art and propagandists like Jacques-Louis David, Antoine-Jean Gros, and Jean Auguste-Dominique Ingres to enhance his public image and promote him as a calm and talented military leader, a dedicated public servant, and even a saint. However, after his defeat at Waterloo, his exile, and death, Bonaparte’s artistic representation shifted to one of a dejected, almost tragic ruler. This shift to a negative and reflective portrayal of the Emperor can be most clearly seen in the works of Paul …
The Saint Of Orléans: Her Legacy, Riona K. O'Donnell
The Saint Of Orléans: Her Legacy, Riona K. O'Donnell
Young Historians Conference
Often referred to as Joan of Arc in the anglophone tradition, Jeanne d’Arc – the saint who fought to liberate France during the Hundred-Years War, the convicted heretic who was burned at the stake – never existed outside of history books. These images only superficially resemble the historical figure of Jeanne. Still, Jeanne’s image as an ancient warrior hero, an example of Divine will, or a symbol of French nationalism permeates today’s culture across the western world. How did this historical dynamism manifest in a young woman who was in the public eye for a short two years? This paper …
Aristotle's Politics And Slavery In Ancient Athens, Krystyna D. Klucznik
Aristotle's Politics And Slavery In Ancient Athens, Krystyna D. Klucznik
Young Historians Conference
The relationship between Aristotle’s theoretical discussion of slavery in Politics and the reality of slavery in ancient Athens is complex and multifaceted. In tandem with Politics, which was my main primary source, I also drew on multiple pieces of secondary scholarship on both Politics and slavery in Athens to compare the two presentations of slavery. Additionally, I drew on the works of Euripides and Solon. In particular, my paper focuses on the process of manumission, the lack of social mobility afforded to freed slaves, and how slaves were viewed generally. A comparison of these sources reveals that there are significant …
A Collaborative Work: The Role Of University Students And Dissidents In Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution, Milena Rogers
A Collaborative Work: The Role Of University Students And Dissidents In Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution, Milena Rogers
Young Historians Conference
The 1989 Velvet Revolution is fairly unknown against the tumultuous historical backdrop of the Communist controlled Eastern Bloc in the second half of the twentieth century. However, it is arguably one of the most important events in the history of Czechoslovakia and remains as a powerful testament of the power of the people. This paper explores the collaboration of university students and established intellectuals in the forty years that Czechoslovakia was controlled by the Soviets, and examines how a bloodless uprising removed one of the world’s greatest entities in a peaceful transfer of power.
Using “Evil” To Combat “Evil”: The Regulation Of Prostitution In Renaissance Florence, Lilah F. Abrams
Using “Evil” To Combat “Evil”: The Regulation Of Prostitution In Renaissance Florence, Lilah F. Abrams
Young Historians Conference
In accordance with the general opinions towards women at the time, the establishment of the Office of Decency (known as the Onestá) in Florence, Italy during the Renaissance served to dehumanize the women participating in the profession. While many argue that the Florentine Onestá was established to preserve the city’s image, the ultimate intention of the ordinances was to use women as tools to regulate male behavior. Drawing on the remaining ordinances established by the Onestá as primary source material, this paper identifies the utilization of prostitutes to restrict the defiling of “virtuous” women by men through regulations on attire …
Rasputin And The Fragmentation Of Imperial Russia, Jessie Radcliffe
Rasputin And The Fragmentation Of Imperial Russia, Jessie Radcliffe
Young Historians Conference
In 1917 the Romanov Dynasty ended as did Imperial Russia. Faced with years of political, social and economic instability tracing back to the Revolution of 1905, it was only a matter of time before everything fell apart. This paper analyzes the role in which Gregory Rasputin played in further polarizing the many facets of Russian society and priming the country for the Revolution of 1917.
"Would To God Each Town Had Also A Girls' School" : New Views Of Women's Education From Luther And Vives, Malia R. Marshall
"Would To God Each Town Had Also A Girls' School" : New Views Of Women's Education From Luther And Vives, Malia R. Marshall
Young Historians Conference
In the early 1500s, Europe went through a time of rapidly changing ideas as a result of the rise of the humanist movement and Protestant Reformation. What did leading humanists and reformers believe about women's education? More importantly, how did their writings change the way Europeans viewed women's education? By examining the writings of humanist Juan Luis Vives and reformer Martin Luther, this paper argues that while both men countered misogynistic ideas of the day in support of women's education, Luther separated himself from humanist educators by suggesting that both women and men needed to be educated for their salvation, …
The Communist Manifesto: A Case Study In The Class Politics Of Industrialization, Benjamin B. Goldberg
The Communist Manifesto: A Case Study In The Class Politics Of Industrialization, Benjamin B. Goldberg
Young Historians Conference
Karl Marx is among the few historical figures whose influence was not fully apparent until after his death. When he penned his best-known work, The Communist Manifesto, “communism” was little more than a vague boogeyman employed by the political establishment of Europe to discredit movements among industrial laborers, but after he had long since passed, the students of his works, in the midst of World War I, seized power from the Tsar of Russia. Why the revolution occurred but the expected workers’ paradise failed to follow has been the subject of much debate. Opinions range from the White Russian …
Breaking The Mold: Joan Of Arc's Unyielding Individuality, Sierra Ha
Breaking The Mold: Joan Of Arc's Unyielding Individuality, Sierra Ha
Young Historians Conference
During the Hundred Years’ War, Joan of Arc became known for her unusual dress, piety, and leadership. While these aspects of Joan’s personality have been studied independently by historians, through a comprehensive study of these characteristics, it becomes clear that Joan stood out from her peers because of the strict obstinacy with which she maintained her unique lifestyle. Her mannerisms caught the attention of her English rivals and even the French, whom she fought to protect. Because of the individualistic ways in which she dressed, exercised her faith, and guided others that broke social expectations and the unyielding persistence with …
The First Crusade: The Forgotten Realities, Jonathan Chang
The First Crusade: The Forgotten Realities, Jonathan Chang
Young Historians Conference
In the Middle Ages, Europe saw a great amassing of thousands of lords, knights, and ordinary people for an extraordinary expedition into the Holy Land. This event was called the First Crusade. The First Crusade was one of the more successful crusades, however, this fact is overshadowed by the negatives of the crusades. My paper explores the reasons for how the crusaders were able to be victorious in the First Crusade.
The Islamic Iberian Peninsula: Cultural Fusion And Coexistence, Miguel A. Claxton Iii
The Islamic Iberian Peninsula: Cultural Fusion And Coexistence, Miguel A. Claxton Iii
Young Historians Conference
The Islamic invasion of the Iberian Peninsula in the 8th century was the first occurrence of Islam reaching mainland Europe. Rather than bloody battles or wars fueled by ideological differences, which usually accompany invasions, the invasion of Iberia lacked any major conflict or bloodshed. The following four hundred years of Islamic dominance in the region is characterized by the same lack of conflict. Through initial limited exposure, and eventual cultural fusion, Muslims and non-Muslims were able to coexist in a society that was uniquely multicultural.
What’S Your Temperament: The Humoral Theory’S Influence On Medicine In Ancient Greece, Riley Sebers
What’S Your Temperament: The Humoral Theory’S Influence On Medicine In Ancient Greece, Riley Sebers
Young Historians Conference
Prior to the birth of Hippocrates of Cos in 460 BCE, medicine in ancient Greece revolved around the gods and magic. During Hippocrates lifetime, he remastered an old practice called the humoral theory: an idea stating that every individual person has a unique balance of substances called humors in their body. The balance of these humors is what keeps a man healthy, and if a specific amount is disturbed, sickness sets in. This theory allowed physicians in ancient Greece to move away from dominantly using magic to treat illness and start using the humoral theory instead.
The Devil Is In The Details: A Study Of How Ancient Greek Historian Thucydides’ Greatest Work, The History Of The Peloponnesian War, Changed Historiography, Kirsten E. Dodge
The Devil Is In The Details: A Study Of How Ancient Greek Historian Thucydides’ Greatest Work, The History Of The Peloponnesian War, Changed Historiography, Kirsten E. Dodge
Young Historians Conference
Before the time of recorded history, how did people view historical events? Was it just a story that was told and past down with narrative embellishments? Or did they take a more factual approach? This essay will explore one such work of historiography that attempts to transcend history as a story, and more as a necessary combination of dry facts for future generations to use. Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War endeavors to relay only the facts of what he thought would be one of the most influential wars in the history of his modern world.
Empress Matilda: Always The Consort, Never The Queen, Sadie M. Kok-Carlson
Empress Matilda: Always The Consort, Never The Queen, Sadie M. Kok-Carlson
Young Historians Conference
In 12th century Europe, a world built and run primarily by men, a woman's success was defined through the men around her. This social concept applied especially to Empress Matilda, whose opportunity to claim her right to the throne of England was squandered by her husband, her rival, and her contemporaries. This paper examines the series of events leading up to the subsequent anarchistic civil war, argues that the decisions made by opposing parties were driven by sexist attitudes of the era, and affirms the importance of recognizing and remembering the Queen of England that never was.
Music In The Hapsburg Empire 1750-1850, Alexander S. Klas
Music In The Hapsburg Empire 1750-1850, Alexander S. Klas
Young Historians Conference
This paper examines the role of music within the Habsburg empire in the century between 1750 and 1850. Music was used as a political tool beginning in the reign of Empress Maria Theresa to incite hostility against foreign enemies, reinforce public perception of the Habsburgs as leaders of the German nation, and stifle revolutionary sentiments among the populace. Drawing upon biographies and analysis of composers found in the Milton Cross' Encyclopedia of the Great Composers and their Music by Milton Cross and David Ewen from throughout the period, this paper demonstrates that patronage of music gave the Habsburgs a way …
The Role And Influence Of Anne Boleyn, Cynthia L. Abrams
The Role And Influence Of Anne Boleyn, Cynthia L. Abrams
Young Historians Conference
While Anne Boleyn's reputation is one that is often associated with Elizabeth I and her scandalous relationship with King Henry VIII, following her death she began to be identified as a Protestant reformer and proto-feminist. Drawing on primary sources including Anne Boleyn's correspondence with King Henry VIII and Cardinal Wolsey, as well as her portrayal in John Foxe's Book of Martyrs, this paper examines her defiance of 16th century social norms, specifically refusing to remain a mistress, favor of biblical translations, and manipulation of Henry VIII.
The Link Between Artemisia Gentileschi’S Biography And Her Artistic Oeuvre, Emma Komers
The Link Between Artemisia Gentileschi’S Biography And Her Artistic Oeuvre, Emma Komers
Young Historians Conference
Up until the era of Modern Art, the artistic community excluded women and dismissed their work as inferior. One exception to this trend is the 17th-century Italian artist, Artemisia Gentileschi, whose work demonstrated her ability to use scenes depicting familiar stories as a way to express her personal struggles as a woman. Drawing upon historical interpretations of her art, popular stories at the time, and the artwork itself, this paper demonstrates the use of art as a tool to communicate social injustice.
Alexander Of Macedonia And His Transformation Into Despotism, Brandon Tran
Alexander Of Macedonia And His Transformation Into Despotism, Brandon Tran
Young Historians Conference
At the age 20, Alexander of Macedonia began his campaign. After inheriting Macedonia from his father, he would expand his empire, stretching from Ancient Greece to Asia Minor. Besides conquering the land, Alexander changed the land by connecting cultures, adopting foreign customs and expanding trade. Historians like Plutarch and Arrian of the Second Sophistic Age would call him Alexander the Great. But was he truly great? His military campaign was riddled with atrocities and unjustified murders, but history books still describe Alexander as a great man. This paper explores the viewpoints of antiquities greatest historians like Plutarch and Arrian, while …
To What Extent Did British Advancements In Cryptanalysis During World War Ii Influence The Development Of Computer Technology?, Hayley A. Leblanc
To What Extent Did British Advancements In Cryptanalysis During World War Ii Influence The Development Of Computer Technology?, Hayley A. Leblanc
Young Historians Conference
This investigation will focus on the advancements made in the field of computing by British codebreakers working on German ciphers during World War II (19391945). Along with examining the state of codebreaking technology before the war, it will discuss the nature of computing after the war up until the present to determine the impact of the war on computers. It will consider being electronic (rather than electromechanical) as the defining characteristic of modern computers. This investigation will not discuss the cryptanalysis effort by any other country during the war, nor will it consider cryptography related advancements after the war. However, …
Charles University: A History Of Revolution, Matous Komers
Charles University: A History Of Revolution, Matous Komers
Young Historians Conference
Although the students of Prague’s Charles University are mostly remembered for starting the Velvet Revolution in the 20th Century, the university’s history of revolution started nearly seven hundred years earlier with a young priest named Jan Hus. Hus started a movement of religious reform called Hussitism, which laid the groundwork for the Protestant Reformation. “Charles University: A History of Revolution” explores the impact and influence that Charles University had on the development and spread of the Hussite Reformation and Hus’ massive theological shift.
The Limits Of Tolerance: The Equal Treatment Act And Discrimination In The Netherlands, Dylan E. Wells
The Limits Of Tolerance: The Equal Treatment Act And Discrimination In The Netherlands, Dylan E. Wells
Young Historians Conference
The Netherlands has a reputation for being one of the most liberal and accepting nations in the world. However, when analyzing the traditions, politics, education, and other aspects of everyday life in the country, a long-lasting history of racism and prejudice is revealed. This paper explores the possible reasons for inequality in the Netherlands, and the Equal Treatment Act of 1994, the first explicit Dutch anti-discrimination legislation. This paper will discuss the potential reasons why the Equal Treatment Act ultimately failed to curb bias based on race, ethnicity, and religion—challenges still faced by many in the Netherlands today, twenty years …
Inevitable Rebellion: Jacobite Risings And The Union Of 1707, Lindsay E. Swanson
Inevitable Rebellion: Jacobite Risings And The Union Of 1707, Lindsay E. Swanson
Young Historians Conference
In the beginning of the 18th century, the landscape of Europe was changed with the proposal of legislation to unite Scotland and England. While the Union of 1707 served as an important starting point in the English quest for unification, it was not powerful enough to truly prevent insurgency among Scottish natives. This paper explores the problems associated with and Scottish opposition to the Union of 1707, and the measures it took to truly join the two nations under the name Great Britain. It also highlights the endurance of a Scottish identity, examining resistance to empires and questioning the longevity …
The Irish Hunger And Its Alignments With The 1948 Genocide Convention, Larissa M. Banitt
The Irish Hunger And Its Alignments With The 1948 Genocide Convention, Larissa M. Banitt
Young Historians Conference
The Irish Hunger of the mid nineteenth century began when a potato blight ruined most of Ireland's crop. While this was indeed a natural crisis, Britain's ineffective response exacerbated the sugaring the Irish endured. Widespread discrimination of the Irish, economic and moral ideologies all contributed to the British government's reaction to the famine. This paper evaluates how British adherence to these ideologies increased Irish suffering and aligns with the definition of genocide as defined by the 1948 Genocide Convention
The Contributions Of St. Cyprian: Perspectives On Epidemiology And Early Christianity, Iris M. Smith
The Contributions Of St. Cyprian: Perspectives On Epidemiology And Early Christianity, Iris M. Smith
Young Historians Conference
The Plague of 251 was nicknamed the Plague of Cyprian because of St. Cyprian of Carthage’s recordings of the epidemic. In Cyprian’s treatise ‘On Mortality’ he depicts the symptoms of the disease and offers advice to Christians on how to proceed. Cyprian offers valuable insights to the students of history by depicting a reliable account of the plague so as to build accounts of epidemiology, and as an abstract concept, Cyprian illustrates the moral battles surrounding fatality of early Christians. Records of the Plague of 251 are helpful to epidemiologists, and Cyprian's consolation tactics explain the emotions of early Christians …
The Nuremberg Trials And Crimes Against Humanity, Katie A. Welgan
The Nuremberg Trials And Crimes Against Humanity, Katie A. Welgan
Young Historians Conference
The London Charter, signed in August 1945 by Allied leaders to establish the International Military Tribunal, included a seemingly novel category of wartime wrongdoing in the charges against Nazi leaders—crimes against humanity. Although condemned by some as ex post facto law ungrounded in legal precedent, this codified prohibition of destructive action taken by a government against its own citizens was a culmination of humanitarian theory which began in the aftermath of the Thirty Years War. Codified law protecting noncombatants developed during the following centuries, yet the violent excesses of World War I and the failure of the subsequent Leipzig trials …
The Most Godless Region Of The World: Atheism In East Germany, Sophie L. Goddyn
The Most Godless Region Of The World: Atheism In East Germany, Sophie L. Goddyn
Young Historians Conference
With a population of 52.1% presently identifying as atheists, East Germany ranks as the most atheistic region of the world. This anomaly can be explained through the economic lenses of supply-side theory and demand-side theory when analyzing the changes instated by the Communist Party during the life of the German Democratic Republic, from 1945 to 1989. Through a process of secularization and religious oppression, the Communist Party lessened the supply of religious goods in East Germany. On the other hand, it also minimized religious demand by providing secular alternatives to traditional religious practices, and institutionalizing anti-religious sentiment. These actions combined …
The Power Of The People In Influencing The British Government: The Kindertransport, Sophia Cantwell
The Power Of The People In Influencing The British Government: The Kindertransport, Sophia Cantwell
Young Historians Conference
The Kindertransport was a program implemented by Britain throughout Europe during World War II to save thousands of persecuted Jewish children. While the British Parliament ultimately passed the movement as a bill and allowed it, the credit and work behind the movement belongs to the Quakers and various Jewish figures of authority in Britain. This paper explores the birth of this movement, its successes and struggles, and its lasting impact on the world today. Without the determination of a few willing people, thousands of lives would have perished during World War II.
A Beacon Of Hope In The Darkness: The Danish Resistance, Lydia Bales
A Beacon Of Hope In The Darkness: The Danish Resistance, Lydia Bales
Young Historians Conference
Following the German invasion of Denmark in 1940, the Danish people presented a unified political and social resistance movement in order to defend those persecuted by the Nazi regime. Although occupied by Germany, Denmark became exempt from many of the extreme policies practiced in most other Nazi-controlled countries. A closer examination of these circumstances reveals how this exemption status, as well as support from the Danish Church, and king allowed for the accomplishment of something seemingly impossible; leading ninety five percent of the Danish Jewish population to safety.